Rice (New York, N.Y.)最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Rice Carbohydrate‑Binding Malectin‑Like Protein, OsCBM1, Contributes to Drought‑Stress Tolerance by Participating in NADPH Oxidase‑Mediated ROS Production.","authors":"Xiu-Qing Jing, Wen-Qiang Li, Meng-Ru Zhou, Peng-Tao Shi, Ran Zhang, Abdullah Shalmani, Izhar Muhammad, Gang-Feng Wang, Wen-Ting Liu, Kun-Ming Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12284-022-00551-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-022-00551-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520771,"journal":{"name":"Rice (New York, N.Y.)","volume":" ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8752643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39899596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-Tuning of the Grain Size by Alternative Splicing of GS3 in Rice.","authors":"Lei Liu,&nbsp;Ying Zhou,&nbsp;Feng Mao,&nbsp;Yujuan Gu,&nbsp;Ziwei Tang,&nbsp;Yi Xin,&nbsp;Fuxia Liu,&nbsp;Tang Tang,&nbsp;Hui Gao,&nbsp;Xiangxiang Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s12284-022-00549-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-022-00549-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grain size is subtly regulated by multiple signaling pathways in rice. Alternative splicing is a general mechanism that regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. However, to our knowledge, the molecular mechanism underlying grain size regulation by alternative splicing is largely unknown. GS3, the first identified QTL for grain size in rice, is regulated at the transcriptional and post-translational level. In this study, we identified that GS3 is subject to alternative splicing. GS3.1 and GS3.2, two dominant isoforms, accounts for about 50% and 40% of total transcripts, respectively. GS3.1 encodes the full-length protein, while GS3.2 generated a truncated proteins only containing OSR domain due to a 14 bp intronic sequence retention. Genetic analysis revealed that GS3.1 overexpressors decreased grain size, but GS3.2 showed no significant effect on grain size. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GS3.2 disrupts GS3.1 signaling by competitive occupation of RGB1. Therefore, we draw a conclusion that the alternative splicing of GS3 decreases the amount of GS3.1 and GS3.2 disrupts the GS3.1 signaling to inhibit the negative effects of GS3.1 to fine-tune grain size. Moreover, the mechanism is conserved in cereals rather than in Cruciferae, which is associated with its effects on grain size. The results provide a novel, conserved and important mechanism underlying grain size regulation at the post-transcriptional level in cereals.</p>","PeriodicalId":520771,"journal":{"name":"Rice (New York, N.Y.)","volume":" ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8752655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39899595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two genomic regions of a sodium azide induced rice mutant confer broad-spectrum and durable resistance to blast disease.","authors":"Kuan-Lin Lo,&nbsp;Yi-Nian Chen,&nbsp;Min-Yu Chiang,&nbsp;Mei-Chun Chen,&nbsp;Jerome P Panibe,&nbsp;Chung-Chun Chiu,&nbsp;Lu-Wei Liu,&nbsp;Liang-Jwu Chen,&nbsp;Chun-Wei Chen,&nbsp;Wen-Hsiung Li,&nbsp;Chang-Sheng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12284-021-00547-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-021-00547-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice blast, one of the most destructive epidemic diseases, annually causes severe losses in grain yield worldwide. To manage blast disease, breeding resistant varieties is considered a more economic and environment-friendly strategy than chemical control. For breeding new resistant varieties, natural germplasms with broad-spectrum resistance are valuable resistant donors, but the number is limited. Therefore, artificially induced mutants are an important resource for identifying new broad-spectrum resistant (R) genes/loci. To pursue this approach, we focused on a broad-spectrum blast resistant rice mutant line SA0169, which was previously selected from a sodium azide induced mutation pool of TNG67, an elite japonica variety. We found that SA0169 was completely resistant against the 187 recently collected blast isolates and displayed durable resistance for almost 20 years. Linkage mapping and QTL-seq analysis indicated that a 1.16-Mb region on chromosome 6 (Pi169-6(t)) and a 2.37-Mb region on chromosome 11 (Pi169-11(t)) conferred the blast resistance in SA0169. Sequence analysis and genomic editing study revealed 2 and 7 candidate R genes in Pi169-6(t) and Pi169-11(t), respectively. With the assistance of mapping results, six blast and bacterial blight double resistant lines, which carried Pi169-6(t) and/or Pi169-11(t), were established. The complementation of Pi169-6(t) and Pi169-11(t), like SA0169, showed complete resistance to all tested isolates, suggesting that the combined effects of these two genomic regions largely confer the broad-spectrum resistance of SA0169. The sodium azide induced mutant SA0169 showed broad-spectrum and durable blast resistance. The broad resistance spectrum of SA0169 is contributed by the combined effects of two R regions, Pi169-6(t) and Pi169-11(t). Our study increases the understanding of the genetic basis of the broad-spectrum blast resistance induced by sodium azide mutagenesis, and lays a foundation for breeding new rice varieties with durable resistance against the blast pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":520771,"journal":{"name":"Rice (New York, N.Y.)","volume":" ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8748607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39679727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Deletion of the First Intron of the Wx^b Allele via CRISPR/Cas9 Significantly Increases Grain Amylose Content in Rice.","authors":"Xingdan Liu,&nbsp;Qi Ding,&nbsp;Wenshu Wang,&nbsp;Yanling Pan,&nbsp;Chao Tan,&nbsp;Yingbo Qiu,&nbsp;Ya Chen,&nbsp;Hongjing Li,&nbsp;Yinlong Li,&nbsp;Naizhong Ye,&nbsp;Nian Xu,&nbsp;Xiao Wu,&nbsp;Rongjian Ye,&nbsp;Jianfeng Liu,&nbsp;Chonglie Ma","doi":"10.1186/s12284-021-00548-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-021-00548-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rice Waxy (Wx) gene plays a major role in seed amylose synthesis and consequently controls grain amylose content. Wx gene expression is highly regulated at the post-transcriptional level. In particular, the GT/TT polymorphism at the 5'splicing site of its 1st intron greatly affects this intron's splicing efficiency and defines two predominant Wx alleles, Wx^a and Wx^b. Wx^a rice often harbours intermediate to high amylose contents, whereas Wx^b rice exhibits low to intermediate amylose contents. By deleting the Wx 1st intron using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generate a completely novel Wx allele and further investigate how intron removal affects Wx gene expression and rice grain amylose content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted deletion of the Wx 1st intron was performed on 4 rice inbred lines: KY131 (Wx^b), X32 (Wx^b), X35 (Wx^a) and X55 (Wx^lv). Deletion of the 1st intron occurred in 8.6-11.8% of the primary transformants of these 4 inbred lines. Compared to wild-type plants, amylose content was significantly increased from 13.0% to approximately 24.0% in KY131 and X32 mutant lines, which both carried the Wx^b allele. However, no significant difference in amylose content was observed between wild-type plants and X35 and X55 mutant lines, which carried the Wx^a and Wx^lv alleles, respectively. Wx gene expression analysis of wild-type plants and mutants yielded results that were highly consistent with amylose content results. KY131 and X32 mutants accumulated increased levels of steady mRNA transcripts compared with wild-type plants, whereas steady mRNA levels were not altered in X35 and X55 mutants compared with wild-type plants. Grain quality, including appearance quality and eating and cooking quality, which are tightly associated with amylose content, was also assessed in wild-type and mutant plants, and data were presented and analysed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study presents a novel and rapid strategy to increase amylose content in inbred rice carrying a Wx^b allele. Our data strongly suggest that the 1st intron of the Wx gene regulates Wx gene expression mainly at the post-transcriptional level in rice. This finding is in contrast to a previous hypothesis suggesting that it influences Wx gene transcription. In addition, removal of the first intron generates a completely novel Wx allele. Further studies on this new Wx allele will provide invaluable insights into the regulation of Wx gene expression, which will help researchers engineer new Wx alleles to facilitate the breeding of rice cultivars with better eating and cooking quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":520771,"journal":{"name":"Rice (New York, N.Y.)","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8727654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39783665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}