Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E最新文献

{"title":"Do oral combined contraceptive pills modify body image and sexual function?","authors":"Krzysztof Nowosielski","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00968-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00968-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of hormonal contraceptives on sexual function and body image is still controversial. Existing studies have not come to definite conclusions on the association between hormonal contraceptive use and sexual function/presence of sexual dysfunction or changes in body image perception. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sexual problems/dysfunction in Polish women of reproductive age (18-45 years) and to assess to what extent oral combined contraceptive pills (OCCP) impact body image, sexual function and the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 495 women were included in this cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. Sexual function was assessed by the Changes in Sexual Function Questionnaire (CSFQ), the prevalence of FSD was assessed by DSM-5 criteria, and body image was assessed by the Body Exposure during Sexual Activity Questionnaire (BESAQ). A total of 237 women using OCCP were the study group (HC), and the rest were controls (CG). A regression model was used to evaluate the influence of the selected variables on sexual function and the presence of FSD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of FSD was 7.5% in HC and 2.6% in CG, and 22% compared to 14% of women in HC and CG, respectively, reported sexual problems (CSFQ). The demographic characteristics of those using other contraception methods or not using any contraception (control group) were similar. The contraceptive group was characterized by significantly higher importance of sex (4.03 vs. 3.79), worse partner's attitude toward sex (4.35 vs. 4.47), worse self-attitude toward sex (4.35 vs. 4.47), and worse body image (BESAQ) compared to controls. Among all of the variables, a lower level of anxiety (t = -1.99), positive attitudes toward sex (t = 2.05), watching erotic videos (t = 5.58) and a higher importance of sex (t = 5.66) were predictive of better sexual function (R2-0.38, F = 28.9, p = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sexual behaviors and function are different in those using OCCP compared to nonusers. The prevalence of sexual problems and dysfunction was higher in those using this hormonal method of contraception; however, using OCCP was not a risk factor for either worse sexual function or sexual dysfunction. Partners' attitudes toward sex and general anxiety level were factors contributing to sexual function and the risk of sexual dysfunction in the population of women of reproductive age and should be routinely evaluated in clinical practice, especially before prescribing hormonal contraceptives.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9238118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40408115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-response association between maternal pre-pregnancy bodyweight and gestational diabetes mellitus following ART treatment: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Yiquan Xiong,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Yana Qi,&nbsp;Chunrong Liu,&nbsp;Mingxi Li,&nbsp;Guanhua Yao,&nbsp;Wei Sun,&nbsp;Yongyao Qian,&nbsp;Lishan Ye,&nbsp;Hui Liu,&nbsp;Qiushi Xu,&nbsp;Kang Zou,&nbsp;Jing Tan,&nbsp;Xin Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00964-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00964-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of maternal pre-pregnancy bodyweight on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) following assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment has been insufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between maternal pre-pregnancy bodyweight and GDM following ART.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2014 to March 2019, this population-based retrospective cohort study included pregnancies achieved by ART treatment in a pregnancy registration database in China. Multivariate regression analysis and restricted cubic splines were used to explore the association between bodyweight and GDM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6,598 pregnancies were included. The incidence of GDM was 26.0% (1715/6598). A total of 868 (13.2%) pregnant women were underweight, 665 (10.8%) were overweight, and 145 (2.20%) were obesity. We found a linear dose-response relation between maternal body mass index and GDM by restricted cubic splines, where one unit body mass index increase was associated with the 15% elevated risk of GDM (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 95% CI 1.08-1.22). Compared to the normal weight group, maternal underweight was associated with lower risk of GDM (adjusted OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.57-0.82), while increased risk was found for overweight (adjusted OR 1.54 95% CI 1.29-1.84) and obesity (adjusted OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.23-2.47).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study found a linear dose-effect relationship between pre-pregnancy bodyweight and GDM following ART treatment. The findings in this study support the clinical recommendation of advising women with overweight or obesity to lose weight prior to ART treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9215080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40210812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperandrogenism induces proportional changes in the expression of Kiss-1, Tac2, and DynA in hypothalamic KNDy neurons.","authors":"Hiroe Okada,&nbsp;Haruhiko Kanasaki,&nbsp;Tuvshintugs Tumurbaatar,&nbsp;Zolzaya Tumurgan,&nbsp;Aki Oride,&nbsp;Satoru Kyo","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00963-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00963-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kisspeptin released from Kiss-1 neurons in the hypothalamus plays an essential role in the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis by regulating the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). In this study, we examined how androgen supplementation affects the characteristics of Kiss-1 neurons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a Kiss-1-expressing mHypoA-55 cell model that originated from the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the mouse hypothalamus. These cells are KNDy neurons that co-express neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin A (DynA). We stimulated these cells with androgens and examined them. We also examined the ARC region of the hypothalamus in ovary-intact female rats after supplementation with androgens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stimulation of mHypoA-55 cells with 100 nM testosterone significantly increased Kiss-1 gene expression by 3.20 ± 0.44-fold; testosterone also increased kisspeptin protein expression. The expression of Tac3, the gene encoding NKB, was also increased by 2.69 ± 0.64-fold following stimulation of mHypoA-55 cells with 100 nM testosterone. DynA gene expression in these cells was unchanged by testosterone stimulation, but it was significantly reduced at the protein level. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) had a similar effect to testosterone in mHypoA-55 cells; kisspeptin and NKB protein expression was significantly increased by DHT, whereas it significantly reduced DynA expression. In ovary-intact female rats, DTH administration significantly increased the gene expression of Kiss-1 and Tac3, but not DynA, in the arcuate nucleus. Exogenous NKB and DynA stimulation failed to modulate Kiss-1 gene expression in mHypoA-55 cells. Unlike androgen stimulation, prolactin stimulation did not modulate kisspeptin, NKB, or DynA protein expression in these cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our observations imply that hyperandrogenemia affects KNDy neurons and changes their neuronal characteristics by increasing kisspeptin and NKB levels and decreasing DynA levels. These changes might cause dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9210811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40164710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometriosis does not seem to be an influencing factor of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in IVF / ICSI cycles.","authors":"Pingyin Lee,&nbsp;Canquan Zhou,&nbsp;Yubin Li","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00922-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00922-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate whether the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) in pregnant women was related to endometriosis (EM), ovulation and embryo vitrification technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the clinical data of 3674 women who were treated with IVF / ICSI in the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and maintained clinical pregnancy for more than 20 weeks. All pregnancies were followed up until the end of pregnancy. The follow-up consisted of recording the course of pregnancy, pregnancy complications, and basic situation of newborns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with NC-FET without EM, HRT-FET without EM was found to have a higher incidence of HDP during pregnancy (2.7% V.S. 6.1%, P<0.001); however, no significant difference was found in the incidence of HDP between NC-FET and HRT-FET combined with EM (4.0% V.S. 5.7%, P>0.05). In total frozen-thawed embryo transfer (total-FET), the incidence of HDP in the HRT cycle without ovulation (HRT-FET) was observed to be higher than that in the NC cycle with ovulation (NC-FET) (2.8% V.S. 6.1%, P<0.001). In patients with EM, no significant difference was found in the incidence of HDP between fresh ET and NC-FET (1.2% V.S. 4.0%, P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EM does not seem to have an effect on the occurrence of HDP in assisted reproductive technology. During the FET cycle, the formation of the corpus luteum may play a protective role in the occurrence and development of HDP. Potential damage to the embryo caused by cryopreservation seems to have no effect on the occurrence of HDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8957116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40330663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of artificial cycle with or without GnRH-a pretreatment on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with PCOS after frozen embryo transfer: a propensity score matching study.","authors":"Yue Wang,&nbsp;Wen-Hui Hu,&nbsp;Qi Wan,&nbsp;Tian Li,&nbsp;Yue Qian,&nbsp;Ming-Xing Chen,&nbsp;Xiao-Jun Tang,&nbsp;Qian Feng,&nbsp;Xiang-Qian Meng,&nbsp;Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi,&nbsp;Yu-Bin Ding,&nbsp;Li-Hong Geng,&nbsp;Xing-Yu Lv,&nbsp;Zhao-Hui Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00929-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00929-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In frozen embryo transfer (FET), there is limited consensus on the best means of endometrial preparation in terms of the reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The present study aimed to compare the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes following artificial cycle FET (AC-FET) with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) pretreatment among women with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 4503 FET cycles that satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study between 2015 and 2020. The GnRH-a group received GnRH-a pretreatment while the AC-FET group did not. Propensity score matching (PSM) method and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to adjust for potential confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After PSM, women in the GnRH-a group suffered a significantly lower miscarriage rate (11.2% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.033) and a higher live birth rate (LBR) compared with those in the AC-FET group (63.1% vs. 56.8%, P = 0.043). No differences were observed in the rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy between the two groups. A higher mean gestational age at birth was observed in the GnRH-a group than in the AC-FET group (39.80 ± 2.01 vs. 38.17 ± 2.13, P = 0.009). The incidence of neonatal preterm birth (PTB) in the GnRH-a group was lower than that in the AC-FET group (7.4% vs. 14.9%, P = 0.009). Singleton newborns conceived after GnRH-a group were more likely to be small for gestational age (SGA) than those born after AC-FET group (16.4% vs. 6.8%, P = 0.009). However, no significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of mean birthweight, apgar score, the rates of macrosomia, large for gestational age and low birth weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion(s): </strong>In women with PCOS who underwent AC-FET, GnRH-a pretreatment was significantly associated with a higher live birth rate and a reduced risk of neonatal PTB. However, there was a concomitant increase in the risk of developing SGA babies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8953331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40329549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of flexible low-dose GnRH antagonist on pregnancy outcome in the fresh embryo transfer cycle of IVF-ET: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Liping Feng,&nbsp;Ruiqi Fan,&nbsp;Aifang Jiang,&nbsp;Junyi Jiang,&nbsp;Qian Wang,&nbsp;Yujun Sun,&nbsp;Pengyun Qiao,&nbsp;Chune Ren,&nbsp;Tingting Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00927-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00927-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the practicality and effectiveness of a flexible low-dose protocol in the fresh embryo transfer cycle: reducing the total amount of antagonist by increasing the interval between administrations of Cetrotide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 211 patients with normal ovarian reserve who accepted GnRH-ant protocol for IVF-ET were selected, and they were randomized to the flexible low-dose antagonist group (test group, n = 101) or the conventional dose antagonist group (control group, n = 110). The initial dose of Cetrotide in the test group was 0.25 mg every other day, and then the dose was adjusted to 0.25 mg every day based on the subsequent luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. The dosage of Cetrotide in the control group was 0.25 mg per day. The primary outcome was the clinical pregnancy rate. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of premature LH rise, total dosage of Cetrotide, number of oocytes retrieved, number of fertilized oocytes, number of high-quality embryos, biochemical pregnancy rate and ongoing pregnancy rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in the general condition of the two groups. There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate (51.49% vs. 48.18%, p = 0.632) or the incidence of premature LH rise (18.81% vs. 15.45%, p = 0.584) between the two groups. However, the amount of Cetrotide used in the test group was significantly lower than that in the conventional dose antagonist group (1.13 ± 0.41 vs. 1.61 ± 0.59 mg, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The flexible low-dose antagonist protocol and the conventional dose antagonist protocol were equally effective in people with a normal ovarian reserve in the fresh embryo transfer cycle of IVF-ET.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8939190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40314007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analyses in transcriptome of human granulosa cells and follicular fluid micro-environment between poor ovarian responders with conventional controlled ovarian or mild ovarian stimulations.","authors":"Xiaoping Liu,&nbsp;Huisi Mai,&nbsp;Panyu Chen,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang,&nbsp;Taibao Wu,&nbsp;Jianhui Chen,&nbsp;Peng Sun,&nbsp;Chuanchuan Zhou,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Liang,&nbsp;Rui Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00926-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00926-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both mild and conventional controlled ovarian stimulation are the frequently used protocols for poor ovarian responders. However, there are some debates about which treatment is better. Moreover, little is known about the follicular physiology after the two ovarian stimulation protocols. This study was intended to investigate the features in granulosa cells and follicular fluid micro-environment after the two different ovarian stimulation protocols in poor responders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Granulosa cells RNA were sequenced using Illumina Hiseq technology. Specific differently expressed genes and proteins were verified by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Moreover, hormone and cytokine concentrations in the follicular fluid were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. The correlation between the results of molecular experiments and the laboratory outcomes were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The differentially expressed genes between the two groups were involved in 4 signaling pathways related to the follicular development; three proteins pertinent to the TGF-β signaling pathway were expressed differently in granulosa cells between the two, and the constituents in the follicular fluid were also different. Further, a correlation between the TGF-β signaling pathway and the good-quality embryo was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study made a comparison for the first time in the transcriptome of human granulosa cells and the follicular fluid micro-environment between poor responders with the conventional controlled ovarian stimulation or the mild ovarian stimulation, showing that the TGF-β signaling pathway may correlate with the good-quality of embryos in the mild group, which may be instrumental to the choice of optimal management for IVF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8935846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40311625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiR-326 inhibits trophoblast growth, migration, and invasion by targeting PAX8 via Hippo pathway.","authors":"Junjie Zang,&nbsp;Min Yan,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Peng,&nbsp;Jianxin Zuo,&nbsp;Huansheng Zhou,&nbsp;Guoqiang Gao,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Yijing Chu,&nbsp;Yuanhua Ye","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00909-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00909-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy disorder that affects 5-7% of pregnant women, is among the primary causes for maternal and perinatal mortality. PE is believed to be associated with insufficient invasion of villous and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), which hampers uterine spiral artery remodeling and finally induces PE. But the mechanism responsible for reduction of trophoblast invasion remains unclear. In this study, placental tissues taken from healthy donors and PE patients were used to evaluate the miR-326 expression; CCK8 and colony formation assays were used to confirm the effect of miR-326 on cell proliferation; transwell assay was used to demonstrate the effect of miR-326 on cell invasion capability; western blot was used to investigate the underlying mechanism; and luciferase assay was used to detect the effect of miR-326 on YAP/TAZ-mediated transcription activity. It was revealed the miR-326 expression was higher in placentas from PE patients than from healthy donors. After transfection of miR-326 mimics, trophoblast proliferation and invasion were impaired. Using TargetScan, we speculated that PAX8 was a target of miR-326, which was later confirmed by western blot. The YAP/TAZ expression was also downregulated after transfection with miR-326. Luciferase assay demonstrated that overexpression of miR-326 suppressed YAP/TAZ-mediated transcription activity by targeting PAX8. Overexpression of PAX8 could partly rescue miR-326-induced suppression of trophoblast proliferation and invasion. Taken together, our result indicated that miR-326 suppresses trophoblast growth, invasion, and migration by means of targeting PAX8 via the Hippo pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8867866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39669814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signaling mechanisms and their regulation during in vivo or in vitro maturation of mammalian oocytes.","authors":"Patrycja Strączyńska,&nbsp;Krzysztof Papis,&nbsp;Emilia Morawiec,&nbsp;Michał Czerwiński,&nbsp;Zdzisław Gajewski,&nbsp;Anita Olejek,&nbsp;Anna Bednarska-Czerwińska","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00906-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00906-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vitro fertilization (IVF) is currently one of the most effective methods of infertility treatment. An alternative to commonly used ovarian hyperstimulation can become extracorporeal maturation of oocytes (in vitro maturation; IVM). Fertilization and normal development of the embryo depends on the cytoplasmic, nuclear and genomic maturity of the oocyte. The microenvironment of the ovarian follicle and maternal signals, which mediate bidirectional communication between granulosa, cumulus and oocyte cells, influence the growth, maturation and acquisition of oocyte development capability. During oogenesis in mammals, the meiosis is inhibited in the oocyte at the prophase I of the meiotic division due to the high cAMP level. This level is maintained by the activity of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP, NPPC) produced by granulosa cells. The CNP binds to the NPR2 receptor in cumulus cells and is responsible for the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The cGMP penetrating into the oocyte through gap junctions inhibits phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A), preventing cAMP hydrolysis responsible for low MPF activity. The LH surge during the reproductive cycle reduces the activity of the CNP/NPR2 complex, which results in a decrease in cGMP levels in cumulus cells and consequently in the oocyte. Reduced cGMP concentration unblocks the hydrolytic activity of PDE3A, which decreases cAMP level inside the oocyte. This leads to the activation of MPF and resumption of meiosis. The latest IVM methods called SPOM, NFSOM or CAPA IVM consist of two steps: prematuration and maturation itself. Taking into account the role of cAMP in inhibiting and then unblocking the maturation of oocytes, they have led to a significant progress in terms of the percentage of mature oocytes in vitro and the proportion of properly developed embryos in both animals and humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8867761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39669809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteome-defined changes in cellular pathways for decidua and trophoblast tissues associated with location and viability of early-stage pregnancy.","authors":"Lynn A Beer,&nbsp;Suneeta Senapati,&nbsp;Mary D Sammel,&nbsp;Kurt T Barnhart,&nbsp;Courtney A Schreiber,&nbsp;David W Speicher","doi":"10.1186/s12958-022-00908-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-022-00908-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In early pregnancy, differentiating between a normal intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) and abnormal gestations including early pregnancy loss (EPL) or ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a major clinical challenge when ultrasound is not yet diagnostic. Clinical treatments for these outcomes are drastically different making early, accurate diagnosis imperative. Hence, a greater understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in these early pregnancy complications could lead to new molecular diagnostics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Trophoblast and endometrial tissue was collected from consenting women having an IUP (n = 4), EPL (n = 4), or EP (n = 2). Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS followed by a label-free proteomics analysis in an exploratory study. For each tissue type, pairwise comparisons of different pregnancy outcomes (EPL vs. IUP and EP vs. IUP) were performed, and protein changes having a fold change ≥ 3 and a Student's t-test p-value ≤ 0.05 were defined as significant. Pathway and network classification tools were used to group significantly changing proteins based on their functional similarities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4792 and 4757 proteins were identified in decidua and trophoblast proteomes. For decidua, 125 protein levels (2.6% of the proteome) were significantly different between EP and IUP, whereas EPL and IUP decidua were more similar with only 68 (1.4%) differences. For trophoblasts, there were 66 (1.4%) differences between EPL and IUP. However, the largest group of 344 differences (7.2%) was observed between EP and IUP trophoblasts. In both tissues, proteins associated with ECM remodeling, cell adhesion and metabolic pathways showed decreases in EP specimens compared with IUP and EPL. In trophoblasts, EP showed elevation of inflammatory and immune response pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, differences between an EP and IUP are greater than the changes observed when comparing ongoing IUP and nonviable intrauterine pregnancies (EPL) in both decidua and trophoblast proteomes. Furthermore, differences between EP and IUP were much higher in the trophoblast than in the decidua. This observation is true for the total number of protein changes as well as the extent of changes in upstream regulators and related pathways. This suggests that biomarkers and mechanisms of trophoblast function may be the best predictors of early pregnancy location and viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":520764,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E","volume":" ","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8862331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39817554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}