Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology最新文献

{"title":"Low-power infrared laser on telomere maintenance in an experimental model of arthritis.","authors":"Victória Batista Ferreira, Álvaro Carneiro de Souza, Lúcia Mara Januário Dos Anjos, Ana Caroline da Silva Ferreira, Marcelle Abreu da Silva, Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca, Flávia de Paoli","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-01000-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-01000-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telomere shortening accelerated by inflammation and oxidative stress is a critical factor in arthritic joint degradation. While photobiomodulation (PBM) is known to mitigate inflammation, its impact on nuclear mechanisms governing genomic stability remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of low-power infrared laser on the temporal expression of key telomere maintenance genes (TRF1, TRF2, POT1, and TIN2) in zymosan-induced arthritis. Experimental arthritis was induced via bilateral intra-articular injection of zymosan into the talocrural and subtalar joints of C57BL/6 mice. PBM was initiated 5 h post-induction using a low-power infrared laser (830 nm, 10 mW, 200 mW/cm², 3 and 30 J/cm², 0.15 and 1.5 J, 15 and 150 s). Joint tissues were harvested at 24, 48, and 72 h to determine relative mRNA expression levels using RT-qPCR. Zymosan administration alone triggered an acute, compensatory upregulation of all evaluated telomere maintenance genes within 24 h. PBM significantly altered this transcriptional kinetic profile in a time- and fluence-dependent manner. At 24 and 48-hour time points, laser treatment induced a pronounced downregulation of telomere maintenance genes. Conversely, a striking transcriptional rebound occurred at 72 h in the high-fluence group, yielding a highly significant upregulation of TRF2, POT1, and TIN2 relative to untreated arthritic controls. By regulating telomere maintenance kinetics, PBM could prevent replicative senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Mapping this the temporal window, number of laser exposures, and dosing parameters could provide a mechanistic framework for optimizing clinical PBM protocols to preserve genomic stability, extend cellular longevity, and restore tissue homeostasis in arthritic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radical cations vs. cations: a comparative study of retinyl cation and retinol radical cation.","authors":"Reem H El-Masry, Maha M Khaled, Mohamed M Aboelnga, Ayman A Abdel-Shafi, Ali El-Agamey","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-00996-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-00996-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reactivity of cationic and radical cationic intermediates has been extensively studied using both theoretical and experimental approaches. In the present study, the structurally related retinyl cation (Ret⁺) and retinol radical cation (retinol^·+) were employed as models to compare the intrinsic reactivities of cations and radical cations within a common structural framework. Using laser flash photolysis (LFP) technique, these intermediates (λ_max = 580-590 nm) were generated and their reactivities toward a variety of substrates were examined, including substrates undergoing exclusively electron-transfer reactions (e.g., ABTS^2- and vitamin E), nucleophilic addition (e.g., Cl^- and Br^- anions), deprotonation (e.g., DBU), and multiple concurrent pathways (e.g., phenols, and aniline derivatives). Our results showed that all tested substrates reacted more rapidly with retinol^·+ than with Ret⁺. The rate enhancement was up to 3 orders of magnitude for substrates such as ABTS^2-, vitamin E, and hydroquinone. For example, in methanol, the rate constants for the reactions of Ret⁺ and retinol^·+ with ABTS^2- were < 4.4 × 10⁷ and 2.14 × 10¹⁰ M^- 1 s^- 1, respectively. The enhanced reactivity of retinol^·+ was attributed to its higher reduction potential, which enabled an additional electron-transfer pathway alongside the nucleophilic addition and deprotonation pathways. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further supported the greater electron affinity of retinol^·+ relative to Ret⁺. Overall, the present findings indicated that radical cations generally exhibit higher reactivity than their corresponding cations. Finally, the potential photocytotoxicity of retinoids, which are widely used in cosmetic formulations, is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamic therapy modulates proliferation in carcinoma and melanoma: from clonogenic survival to tumor development.","authors":"Tiago de Paula Bianchi, Mirian Denise Stringasci, Natalia Mayumi Inada, Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato, Fernando Silva Ramalho","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-01002-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-01002-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous carcinomas and melanoma are important skin malignancies for which photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown therapeutic potential. Although the biological effects of PDT have been extensively investigated, particularly in carcinomas, the phenotype and behavior of tumor cells that survive treatment remain poorly understood, despite their potential role in tumor persistence and recurrence. Characterizing the proliferative behavior of PDT-surviving tumor cells may therefore provide insights into the cellular consequences of treatment and their potential implications for tumor regrowth. In this study, we investigated the proliferative capacity of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma cells following porphyrin-mediated PDT using a combined in vitro clonogenic assay and in vivo tumor model of treated cells. Temporal recovery was assessed using viability and clonogenic assays at two lethal doses of PDT (LD₅₀ and LD₃₀). The results demonstrated that the temporal impact of PDT on proliferative capacity was dose-dependent, persisting for up to 72 h in the LD₅₀ group. Tumors derived from LD₅₀-treated cells showed reduced volume, delayed onset, and slower growth, corroborated by decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. These findings support PDT as a strategy for melanoma and define a critical \"damage window,\" during which adjuvant therapies may improve efficacy and limit recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home LED masks and skin of colour: the pigmentary blind spot.","authors":"Faisal R Ali","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-00979-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-00979-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of SPIONs@APTES conjugated with chlorin E6 via carbodiimide for photodynamic therapy.","authors":"Giulia Capizzani Gonçalves, Aveline Ventura, Vitor Luca Moura Marmo, Leandro Raniero","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-01006-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-01006-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most aggressive primary brain tumours and remains highly resistant to conventional therapeutic approaches. Photodynamic therapy has emerged as a promising alternative. However, the clinical application of many photosensitisers is limited by low stability, poor solubility, and non-specific distribution in biological systems. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesised by a coprecipitation method and subsequently functionalised with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to enable the conjugation of the photosensitiser Chlorin E6 (Ce6). The resulting SPIONs@APTES-Ce6 nanoprobes were characterised using dynamic light scattering, Zeta Potential analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, confirming successful surface functionalisation and preservation of the photophysical properties of Ce6. The photodynamic activity of the nanoprobes was evaluated in vitro using the M059J glioblastoma cell line. Cell viability was assessed through complementary assays, including MTT, Trypan Blue exclusion, and resazurin reduction. The nanoprobes exhibited low dark cytotoxicity under the tested conditions. Upon light activation at 660 nm, a significant reduction in cell viability was observed, demonstrating effective photodynamic activity. These findings suggest that SPIONs@APTES-Ce6 nanoprobes may represent a potential nanostructured platform for further investigation in glioblastoma photodynamic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key residues Tyr293, Val360, and Tyr399 regulate flavin stability in the plant cryptochrome from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.","authors":"Bin Wen, Mengqi Wan, Hao Liu, Xiaoran Li, Xin Guang, Jiaying Zhang, Shuchang Hu, Rong Wu, Shan Jiang, Jun Lv","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-00998-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-00998-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryptochromes (CRYs) evolved from cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) photolyases (PLs), losing DNA repair activity while gaining novel functions as blue-light photoreceptors. The substrate binding pocket has undergone significant evolutionary changes, including three highly conserved residues in plant CRYs specially. However, the functional contributions of these substrate binding site residues to the distinct properties of CRYs remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically investigated the roles of three critical substrate binding site residues in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cryptochrome (pCRY): Tyr293, Val360 and Tyr399 (corresponding to Escherichia coli CPD photolyase, EcCPD Trp277, Met345 and Trp384). In this study, single-point mutations Y293W, V360M, and Y399W were generated, and their effects on photoreduction kinetics, oxidation kinetics, and ATP binding were characterized. Our results demonstrate that all three mutations significantly increased the photoreduction rate constants and decreased the oxidation rate constants compared to wild-type pCRY, indicating enhanced FAD stability and reduced accessibility to molecular oxygen. Importantly, these mutations did not impair ATP binding, suggesting that substrate binding and ATP binding are functionally separable. These findings reveal that evolutionary divergence at substrate binding sites fundamentally alters the redox properties of the FAD cofactor and provide mechanistic insights into the functional transition from DNA repair to light signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on home LED masks and skin of colour: the pigmentary blind spot written by Professor Fasal R. Ali in reference to Baeza-Moyano et al., Photochem Photobiol Sci 2026;25:1179-1188.","authors":"David Baeza-Moyano, Ana María Bernárdez, Yolanda Sola","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-01005-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-01005-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149067300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoprotection properties of clothing measured across ultraviolet and visible wavelengths.","authors":"Rebecca Meehan, David Bajek, Rebecca Rendell, Michael Higlett, Marina Khazova, Kenny Wood, Ewan Eadie","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-00997-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-00997-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the photoprotective performance of commercially available clothing using a spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere. 37 different garments were analysed across multiple spectral protection factors. In addition to ultraviolet protection factor (UPF, 290-400 nm), measurements included UVA protection factor (UVA-PF, 315-400 nm), high-energy visible light protection factor (HEV-PF, 400-469 nm), visible light protection factor (Visible-PF, 400-800 nm), and Protoporphyrin IX protection factor (PpIX-PF, 350-800 nm), providing a broader assessment relevant to photosensitive skin disorders. Spectral transmittance of garments was measured and used to calculate the multiple protection factors across ultraviolet (UV) and visible wavelength ranges. Most garments demonstrated substantial UV protection, including items not marketed as sun protective. Darker fabrics, particularly black cotton and polyester, showed the highest UPF values, frequently exceeding 50, whereas lighter fabrics, especially white cotton, generally offered lower protection (a UPF < 40). Protection was not correlated with garment cost, with some low-priced items providing excellent performance. Dark-coloured garments also offered superior attenuation of high-energy visible light, although transmission increased at longer visible wavelengths across all samples. These findings highlight the limitations of relying on UPF alone to assess textile photoprotection. A multi-spectral approach reveals important differences in protection against UVA, HEV, and visible light, which are clinically relevant for individuals with photosensitivity. This work supports the inclusion of extended photoprotective metrics in textile evaluation and clinical guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of Oroxylum indicum seed extract against ultraviolet-induced skin photodamage through inhibition of STING and NF-κB signaling pathways.","authors":"Rencong Wang, Peng Xu, Xiaoli Jin, Yaoying Wan, Zhongyi Chen, Fengkun Xiao, Yichun Wang, Liping Qu, Feifei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-01001-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-01001-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause several skin issues including inflammation, oxidative stress and photoaging. The seeds of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz are well-known herbal medicines commonly used to treat pharyngitis, bronchitis, and other ailments. This study sought to investigate the protective effects of Oroxylum indicum seed extract (OISE) against UV-induced skin damage and the underlying mechanism. Our findings revealed that OISE effectively attenuated UVB-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocytes. Specifically, OISE treatment reduced ROS and MDA levels, promoted the expression of genes involved in regulating oxidative stress such as NFE2L2, HMOX1, SOD1, CAT, GCLC, GCLM, and NQO1, suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, and downregulated the gene expression of pro-inflammatory enzymes such as iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, we employed HFF-1 cells to evaluate the protective effect of OISE against UVA radiation and found that OISE effectively mitigated UVA-induced inflammation and photoaging in HFF-1 cells. Network pharmacological analysis and molecular experiments indicated that OISE effectively inhibited the activation of STING and NF-κB pathways induced by both UVB and UVA radiation. Further research revealed that oroxin A and oroxin B, the major components in OISE, were sufficient to inhibit UVB-induced inflammation and activation of the STING pathway. Thus, this study demonstrated that OISE could effectively alleviate both UVB and UVA-induced skin photodamage through inhibiting the STING and NF-κB pathways and revealed that oroxin A and oroxin B are the key components that enable OISE to protect skin from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibiting glioma cell invasion by sequential photo-sonodynamic therapy.","authors":"Sophia Renee Laurel, Tyler Lee, Reiya Gulosino, Even Pok, Keya Gupta, Nicole Wakida, Henry Hirschberg","doi":"10.1007/s43630-026-00952-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-026-00952-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite aggressive surgical resection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, malignant gliomas inevitably recur due to the persistence of infiltrative tumor cells at the resection margins. Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) has demonstrated the ability to inhibit glioma cell invasion, its clinical utility is limited by restricted light penetration and challenges associated with repeated intracranial application. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which utilizes low-intensity focused ultrasound (FUS) to activate a sonosensitizer, offers a non-invasive alternative capable of penetrating the skull and reaching deeply embedded tumor margins. This study evaluates the ability of sequential 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-mediated PDT followed by repetitive SDT to inhibit glioma cell invasion using a three-dimensional spheroid-Matrigel migration model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>F98 glioma spheroids were formed and embedded between two layers of Matrigel. The embedded spheroids were incubated with ALA and treated with either PDT or SDT as single therapies as well as a sequential protocol consisting of a single PDT treatment followed by two repetitive SDT treatments at 24-hour intervals. Invasive distance from the spheroid edge into the surrounding matrix was measured at 4 and 7 days post-implantation under both 1% and 5% FBS conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although ALA-mediated PDT and SDT individually inhibited glioma cell invasion in a dose-dependent manner, PDT did not significantly inhibit recurrence of invasive activity. Notably, sequential ALA-PDT followed by repetitive SDT produced sustained and highly significant inhibition of glioma cell invasion compared to either modality alone, without inducing sustained spheroid cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sequential ALA-mediated PDT followed by repetitive SDT enhances inhibition of glioma cell invasion in vitro, suggesting the potential of a combined PDT-SDT strategy as a translatable, minimally invasive approach to suppress residual invasive tumor cells and improve post-operative outcomes of malignant glioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":520750,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}