Oral and maxillofacial surgery最新文献

{"title":"Exploratory investigation of pain threshold in the facial and cervical regions following dental implant surgery.","authors":"Kiyomi Uehashi, Shoichi Ishigaki, Ryota Takaoka, Daisuke Moriguchi, Hirofumi Yatani","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01584-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01584-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The pathogenic mechanisms and variations in individual pain susceptibility underlying neuropathic pain associated with dental implant surgery have not been fully elucidated, and objective evaluation methods for such pain remain unestablished. The objective of this study was to identify exploratory trends in subclinical sensory changes by evaluating changes in pain thresholds following dental implant surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects included 76 outpatients who visited the Department of Fixed Prosthodontics at Osaka University Dental Hospital for dental implant surgery. Pain thresholds were recorded before and after surgery within the regions innervated by the second and third divisions of the trigeminal nerve and the upper cervical plexus. Measurements were performed using a computer-controlled thermal sensory analyzer (PATHWAY, Medoc Co. Ltd).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The decline of the pain threshold event detected by the thermal stimulation on the operating side occurred in 28.57-48.57%, 10.48-25.90%, 1.40-10.36% and 0.09-1.38% of subjects at 1, 2, 4, and 12 weeks post-surgery, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This prospective cohort study evaluated the impact of dental implant surgery on pain thresholds. The findings suggest that a significant proportion of patients may experience transient post-surgical sensory changes, characterized by a decline in their pain threshold following surgery, even in the absence of subjective pain complaints.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of bioactive molecules in enhancing bone healing in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a review of current approaches and future directions.","authors":"Rayudu Naren Kishore, Sriram Kaliamoorthy, Sivaji Raju Uddarraju, Nukala Kameswari, Kalyan Kondalarao Siddu","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01583-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01583-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone regeneration in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) remains challenging, particularly in procedures such as alveolar ridge preservation, sinus floor augmentation, mandibular reconstruction, and peri implant bone regeneration. Bioactive molecules have emerged as promising therapeutic agents that enhance osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling through modulation of key cellular signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search primarily focused on studies published between 2020 and 2025 to capture recent advances, while incorporating foundational studies to support key biological mechanisms. Inclusion criteria comprised peer reviewed in in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies investigating bioactive molecules and scaffold based bone regeneration strategies in OMFS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bioactive molecules including icariin, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) derived secretomes significantly enhance osteogenic differentiation, extracellular matrix mineralization, and angiogenesis. These effects are mediated through major signaling pathways such as BMP/Smad, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, and HIF-1α pathways. Integration with biomaterial scaffolds enables controlled spatiotemporal release, improving regenerative outcomes. However, translational challenges remain, including dose-dependent adverse effects (particularly with BMPs), suboptimal release kinetics, and limitations of current experimental models in replicating mandibular biomechanics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bioactive molecule-based therapies represent a promising approach for enhancing bone regeneration in OMFS. Future advancements in nanotechnology-based delivery systems, three-dimensional bioprinting, and personalized regenerative strategies are essential to bridge the gap between experimental success and clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148201910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine bone graft inlay versus onlay for mandibular ridge augmentation (randomized clinical trial).","authors":"Ahmed AbdEllatif Mosleh, Abdulrahman Al Humaidi H Almutairi, Mohamed Yousry Sherif","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01581-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01581-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Augmentation of the alveolar ridge became the backbone for treating the atrophic alveolar ridge. Several augmentation techniques have been proposed for this to compensate for changes in anatomy and ridge morphology and achieve aesthetic and biomechanical outcomes for the implant treatment plane. Increasing bone volume enhances implant stability and long-term implant survival.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the efficacy of bovine block inlay graft vs. Onlay graft for 3D alveolar ridge augmentation in the mandible.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-four patients were randomly assigned to the Inlay and Onlay groups. The mandibular ridge was separated for the Inlay group, and a bovine bone block was placed in the space and secured with screws and a microtitanium plate. On a particulate bovine graft, the defect site was decorated and pre-adapted titanium was placed on a 3D module secured with titanium screws for the Onlay group. ONDEMOND software was used to estimate bone volume and evaluate bone density from cone beam computed tomography images, obtained both before and 6 months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significantly greater horizontal bone gain was observed in the Onlay group compared to the Inlay group (p = .033), while no statistically significant difference was found in vertical bone gain (p = .606).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comparable amount of vertical bone gain was observed between the two techniques, whereas the Onlay approach was associated with a statistically significantly greater horizontal bone gain.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This randomized clinical trial was retrospectively registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR202412832590378).</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of NSAIDs, melatonin, vitamin D and vitamin B12 chronotherapy on postoperative recovery after third molar surgical extraction: A pilot randomized crossover placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Mohammad Abusamak, Fabián Pérez-González, Leire Virto Ruiz, Luis Miguel Sáez-Alcaide, Haider Al-Waeli, Jesus Torres García-Denche, Faleh Ahmad Tamimi Marino","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01582-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01582-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether replacing nighttime ibuprofen with melatonin, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 (chronotherapy) improves postoperative recovery after third molars extraction, and to explore sex-dependent responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A double-blind, randomized, two-period pilot crossover trial was conducted with 12 healthy adults undergoing bilateral mandibular third molars extraction. In the control period, participants received ibuprofen 400 mg three times daily. In the chronotherapy period, the nighttime ibuprofen dose was replaced with melatonin (10 mg), vitamin D (1000 IU), and vitamin B12 (1000 µg). Outcomes included pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]), facial swelling, trismus, rescue medication use, and inflammatory cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, chronotherapy was associated with higher postoperative pain, increased vertical swelling, and reduced trismus compared with control. Significant treatment-by-sex interactions were observed. Female participants reported statistically higher, although clinically insignificant, postoperative pain scores with chronotherapy (mean VAS increase: +0.94 points, p < 0.001), along with greater swelling but less restriction in mouth opening. In contrast, males showed similar pain levels but a shorter time to pain cessation and reduced swelling with chronotherapy. Exploratory cytokine analyses suggested broader increases in pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in males receiving chronotherapy (e.g., IL-10, IL-13), whereas females showed limited cytokine changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Replacing nighttime ibuprofen with the chronotherapy regimen did not appear to improve overall postoperative pain outcomes. However, chronotherapy may produce sex-dependent postoperative responses, with mixed recovery patterns in females and modest benefits in selected outcomes in males. Given the pilot nature of the study and limited sample size, these findings should be considered exploratory and hypothesis-generating.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07133360), retrospectively registered on 2025/06/20.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148152678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional virtual planning reduces operative time in orthognathic surgery: a procedure-specific retrospective study incorporating additive manufacturing.","authors":"Yuki Kunisada, Norie Yoshioka, Akiyoshi Nishiyama, Masanori Masui, Koichi Kadoya, Hiroaki Takakura, Kyoichi Obata, Kisho Ono, Koki Umemori, Soichiro Ibaragi","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01579-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01579-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (3D-VSP) is increasingly used in orthognathic surgery; however, procedure-specific evidence regarding its real-world impact on operative efficiency and intraoperative blood loss remains limited. This study evaluated the association between 3D-VSP implementation and operative time, and intraoperative blood loss across different orthognathic procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at a single academic institution before (2019-2020) and after (2023-2024) the full implementation of 3D-VSP integrated with in-house additive manufacturing (n = 344). Procedure-specific multivariable linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, and surgeon experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 3D-VSP implementation, operative time was reduced by approximately 36 min in sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO), 50 min in Le Fort I (LF1) combined with SSRO, and 42 min in segmental LF1 combined with SSRO, representing a 15-20% reduction in total operative time. No meaningful reduction was observed in intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO)-based procedures. A statistically significant, but modest, reduction in intraoperative blood loss was observed only in SSRO. The time-saving effect was independent of surgeon experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical benefit of 3D-VSP in orthognathic surgery is procedure-dependent and most evident in geometrically complex SSRO-based operations. These findings support the targeted implementation of digital planning and additive manufacturing workflows to improve operative efficiency in routine practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13221411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third molars surgical extraction awareness: a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey.","authors":"Jiří Borovec, Wanda Urbanová, Petra Křížová, Jana Vašáková, David Vařejčko, Petra Poláčková","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01572-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01572-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess public awareness of the surgical third molar extraction, preventive recommendations, and fear levels among individuals who underwent third molar surgical extraction (E) and those without prior experience (WE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire survey of 584 respondents assessed demographics, knowledge of preventive recommendations, areas in which they felt a lack of information, and fear levels (1-10 point scale). Statistical analyses were performed at a significance level of p = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The E group (313 respondents) proved to be better informed than WE (271). The lowest knowledge scores in both groups were related to pain medication and postoperative diet; the most unclear areas included complications (33.6%) and pain medication (22.1%). The highest level of effectiveness was observed for the combination of written leaflets and verbal instructions among the educational approaches evaluated. In E group, the mean fear score was 5.7 (SD = 2.7) before the first and 4.9 (SD = 2.8) before the second extraction (p < 0.001), while in WE the score was higher 6.3 (SD = 2.7) (p = 0.012). Fear levels were lower among regular dentist attendees (p = 0.004), and in men (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Insufficient knowledge of postoperative care, especially in pain medication use, was observed, even among respondents with a prior history of the surgical extraction. Combined verbal and written instructions appeared to be associated with knowledge of preventive recommendations. Lower levels of fear were reported by men and by individuals with prior experience of the procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148039203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term patient satisfaction and complication rates after orthognathic surgery: a minimum 3-year follow-up study.","authors":"Șerban Talpoș, Dan Loloș, Tareq Hajaj, Robert Avramut, Camelia Szuhanek, Bogdan Antonio Loloș, Andreea Raissa Hojda, Sorin Gheorghe Mihali, Daniel Raul Chioibaș, Mălina Popa","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01580-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01580-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Orthognathic surgery aims to correct dentofacial deformities and improve both function and facial esthetics. This study assessed long-term patient satisfaction and complication rates following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, using a customized questionnaire to evaluate esthetic, functional, and psychosocial outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 126 patients who underwent bimaxillary surgery for Class II or III dentofacial deformities were included in this retrospective cohort study with prospectively collected data and evaluated after a minimum follow-up of 3 years. Surgical procedures included Le Fort I osteotomy, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, multisegmental osteotomies, genioplasty, and SARPE, with all cases planned and managed by an interdisciplinary team. Patient satisfaction was assessed using a 20-item individualized questionnaire based on validated tools (OQLQ, DAS-59, OHIP-14, VAS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High levels of long-term satisfaction were reported, particularly in smile appearance and self-confidence. Smile-specific satisfaction remained stable regardless of skeletal class, gender, or complications. Postoperative complications occurred in 11.1% of patients and represented the main observed factor significantly associated with reduced overall satisfaction (p < 0.001). The most frequent complications included mandibular plate infection (n = 5), mandibular osteoperiostitis (n = 4), plate detachment (n = 2), plate fracture (n = 1), pseudoarthrosis (n = 1), and malunion with vicious callus (n = 1). All were successfully managed without long-term sequelae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthognathic surgery provides consistent long-term esthetic and psychosocial benefits. Individualized planning, interdisciplinary management, and the use of a customized satisfaction questionnaire may have contributed to the favorable patient-reported outcomes observed. These findings support the role of orthognathic surgery in enhancing quality of life beyond skeletal correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148039182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicentric prospective analysis of the management of edentulous jaw fractures in the elderly population: a World Oral Maxillofacial Trauma (WORMAT) project.","authors":"Fabio Roccia, Michela Omedè, Federica Sobrero, Giulia Cremona, Utku Nezih Yilmaz, Mikail Atabay, Malamatenia Bourazani, Stavros Skiadas, Žiga Kovačič, Nik Krebs, Anamaria Sivrić, Mario Kordić, Gian Battista Bottini, Maximilian Goetzinger, Luis Fernando de Oliveira Gorla, Valfrido Antonio Pereira-Filho, Emil Dediol, Boris Kos, Vitomir S Konstantinovic, Nikola Miković, Sahand Samieirad, Antonio Mari Roig, Aguilera Padros Ferran, Sean Laverick, Tamay Mehmet, Rodolfo Benech, Maria Taheny Dmd, Carlo Strada, Mehul Raiesh Jaisani, Ahmed Gaber Hassanein, Mahmoud Sobhi Allam, Timothy Aladelusi Fwacs, Fabio Volpe, Chiara Copelli","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01575-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01575-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Data on edentulous jaw fractures in elderly patients are limited, particularly for maxillary injuries. This prospective multicentre observational study aimed to evaluate the characteristics, management, and outcomes of edentulous maxillary and mandibular fractures in elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged ≥ 60 years with edentulous maxillary and/or mandibular fractures admitted to 17 centres participating in the World Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma (WORMAT) project between March 2024 and March 2025 were prospectively enrolled. The following data were collected: age, sex, cause, fracture site and type, grade of bone atrophy, Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS), associated injuries, surgical approach, type of treatment, use of a bone graft, length of hospitalisation. Clinical outcomes were assessed at 6 weeks and 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 364 elderly patients with maxillofacial trauma, 93 (25.5%) were edentulous and 69 sustained jaw fractures. Falls were the most common mechanism of injury. Maxillary fractures mainly involved the zygomaticomaxillary complex and were frequently managed conservatively, whereas mandibular fractures predominantly affected the body and symphysis/parasymphysis and were treated with open reduction and internal fixation in 89% of cases, usually with rigid fixation. Fracture site displacement was statistically associated with ORIF, both for maxillary (p = 0.010) and mandibular fractures (p = 0.026). Complications were mainly plate exposure in three patients with mandibular fractures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Edentulous jaw fractures in the elderly are rare and typically result from low-energy trauma. Displaced fractures, especially of the atrophic mandible, are mainly managed surgically, with a clear tendency to employ rigid fixation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do non-condylar mandibular fractures affect the temporomandibular joint? a prospective clinical and radiologic follow-up study.","authors":"Nagasaireddy Konda, Kishore Moturi, Divya Puvvada, Uddarraju Shivaji Raju, Anil Budumuru, Mohana Kondapally","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01577-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01577-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Non-condylar mandibular fractures may alter temporomandibular joint (TMJ) biomechanics despite the absence of direct condylar injury. This prospective study evaluated clinical and radiological TMJ changes following surgical management of non-condylar mandibular fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty patients with parasymphysis, body, or angle fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation were evaluated at postoperative day 15-16 and at 6 months. Temporomandibular dysfunction was assessed using the Helkimo Anamnestic Index (Ai) and Clinical Dysfunction Index (Di). Bilateral computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (USG) were used to assess joint space and structural changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 6 months, 28 patients (70%) were free of subjective symptoms, whereas 32 patients (80%) demonstrated objective clinical dysfunction (Di ≥ I). Eight patients (20%) reported severe subjective symptoms, and 4 (10%) exhibited severe objective dysfunction. CT and USG showed no significant changes in joint space and no condylar erosions or osteophytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Temporomandibular dysfunction is common after surgical treatment of non-condylar mandibular fractures and may persist despite resolution of symptoms and absence of detectable osseous changes. Routine TMJ assessment during postoperative follow-up may help identify patients who require continued monitoring and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic role of anaemia in maxillofacial space infections: a prospective clinical cohort study.","authors":"Abhinand Potturi, Dinesh Kumar Jhawar, Ritesh Rajan, Viveka Vardhan Reddy Nalla, Praveena Kunaparaju, Rishi Kamal Reddy Yeredla, Eshwar Thota","doi":"10.1007/s10006-026-01578-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10006-026-01578-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Maxillofacial space infections (MSIs) are influenced by various systemic conditions; however, the impact of anaemia on infection severity and clinical outcomes remains underexplored. This prospective clinical study aimed to evaluate the role of pre-operative anaemia as a risk factor for the severity and progression of MSIs and its effect on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted on 181 patients diagnosed with MSIs. Data on demographics, haemoglobin levels, RBC counts, total WBC counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), random blood sugar (RBS), symptom severity score (SSS), length of hospital stay (LOHS), and antibiotic resistance patterns were collected and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed across anaemia grades in haemoglobin, RBC counts, CRP, NLR, and WBC counts. Lower haemoglobin levels were associated with higher SSS, prolonged hospital stay, and increased inflammatory markers. Moderate to severe anaemia demonstrated a stronger association with elevated CRP and NLR. A significant inverse relationship was observed between haemoglobin levels, inflammatory and clinical severity parameters. Total WBC count showed a weaker and less consistent association, with a declining trend in more severe anaemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anaemia is an important factor associated with increased disease severity and adverse clinical outcomes in MSIs. NLR and CRP appear to be more reliable indicators of disease severity than total WBC count in anaemic patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":520733,"journal":{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}