Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"A coaching intervention to improve physician mental health and well-being during COVID-19.","authors":"A Gayed, N Kugenthiran, R Holland, P Thompson, J Strudwick, S Dalton, S B Harvey","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Senior doctors play a key leadership role in the mental health and well-being of their staff, therefore promoting and protecting doctor well-being is important.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the acceptability and feasibility of an individual-focussed, six-session virtual coaching program and its potential effectiveness on self-reported levels of psychological distress, well-being, flourishing, and solution-focussed thinking in a cohort of Australian senior doctors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Program delivery occurred between 1 August 2020 and 8 January 2021. Baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month post-intervention data were collected. Changes from baseline in psychological distress measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21, well-being, flourishing, and solution-focussed thinking were explored using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-nine hospital-based senior doctors provided baseline data. Thirty-three (33/39, 85%) completed the intervention. Twenty-five program completers (25/33, 76%) provided survey data at all timepoints. Scores on the DASS-21 differed significantly over time (F(2, 48) = 13.22, P < 0.001) with symptom improvements detected at post-intervention (7.44 [95% CI 2.93-11.95], P < 0.001) which were maintained at 3-months (8.24 [95% CI 3.57-12.91], P < 0.001). These improvements were seen across the DASS-21 Depression (F(2, 48) = 11.31, P < 0.001), Anxiety (F(2, 48) = 12.65, P < 0.001) and Stress (F(2, 48) = 4.04, P < 0.05) scales. Well-being (F(2, 48) = 8.05, P < 0.001), flourishing (F(2, 48) = 7.10, P < 0.01), and solution-focussed thinking (F(1.49, 35.66) = 16.40, P < 0.001) also improved significantly. All respondents who provided program feedback (29/29, 100%) indicated the program was highly acceptable and would recommend it to colleagues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest this remote coaching program for doctors is feasible and acceptable and is associated with a reduction in levels of psychological distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consent for reply to management referrals in occupational health practice.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generative AI in peer review process for occupational health.","authors":"G H Lim, M L Tan, V C W Hoe, D Koh","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in academic writing can augment and speed up the proofing process by improving sections of the manuscript. This was the first known instance where the effectiveness and efficiency of Generative AI were quantified.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine the effectiveness and efficiency of these tools in providing feedback and recommendations to the first drafts of eight published occupational health papers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To assess effectiveness, manuscripts were reviewed by Microsoft Copilot, ChatGPT (GPT-3.5), Google Gemini 1.0 and five human reviewers in February 2024. Anonymized reviews were scored by two expert panel members using a self-developed structured scoring system. The quality of feedback was rated on its relevance, completeness, accuracy and ability to identify errors and provide constructive feedback. The quality of recommendations was rated on relevance, completeness and accuracy. Efficiency was assessed via the time taken to complete each review. The mean, standard deviation (SD) and level of significance of any differences among the parameters were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Generative AI tools were significantly more effective (3.44, SD 0.77, P < 0.001) than human reviewers in providing feedback, while human reviewers performed significantly better (3.36, SD 0.71, P < 0.01) in providing recommendations. Generative AI tools were significantly more time-efficient and had the advantage of being always available. However, time/effort was required to verify the output for fictitious content.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The utilization of Generative AI would improve the speed and accuracy of improving the manuscript prior to publication, leading to greater efficiencies in the dissemination of knowledge to the occupational health community.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employees' experiences of chronic pain in the workplace.","authors":"H Blake, M Giannoulatou, W J Chaplin","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Between one-third and one-half of the UK population is affected by chronic pain. Effectively supporting people with chronic pain at work requires an understanding of employees' experiences and expressed support needs.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To understand how chronic pain affects people in their place of work, their reported support needs with relation to self-managing their chronic pain at work, and views towards the support provided by their employers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews conducted with working-age adults who experience chronic pain and are employed in organizations in England. Data were analysed thematically and inductively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen employees were interviewed (12 female, 1 male; aged 19-58 years). Four themes and 12 sub-themes were identified: (i) flexibility (hybrid working, working hours, manager support), (ii) inadequate support services (underdeveloped policies, poorly trained staff, inaccessibility), (iii) working conditions (equipment and adjustments, nature of job, being overworked), and (iv) perception of pain (stigma and discrimination, awareness and knowledge, support networks).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides insights into a range of factors that are described as helping or hindering the self-management of chronic pain at work. While support needs vary, inequities in workplace provisions and support are described. Occupational health and well-being services are described as not uniformly accessible, and workplace policies relating to chronic conditions or disability as vague. Line managers are described as playing a critical role in employee experiences, but are often perceived to lack the knowledge and training to address employees' support needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work overcommitment during COVID-19 pandemic and mental illness among occupational physicians.","authors":"J S Silva-Junior, V D Roviello, R B Demarch, A J N Ogata","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental disorders are prevalent among medical professionals, significantly impacting their well-being and resilience, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model indicates that an imbalance between work efforts and rewards, coupled with overcommitment, can lead to increased stress and mental health issues.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This research aims to analyse the association between psychosocial factors, assessed through the ERI model, and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress among physicians working in occupational health services in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 431 physicians in Brazil between October and December 2020. Participants completed a questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, occupational aspects mental health assessments using the DASS-21 and the ERI questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including univariate and multiple ordinal logistic regression models, were performed to determine the association between ERI dimensions and mental health symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 58% female physicians (mean age 46.3 years) and 42% male physicians (mean age 53.8 years). The study found that 49% of female and 42% of male participants reported depressive symptoms, with high overcommitment to work significantly associated with increased odds ratio of mild to severe depressive symptoms in both sexes. Similar trends were observed for anxiety (36% of women, 31% of men) and stress (54% of women, 42% of men).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and organizational support to address mental health among physicians working in occupational services in Brazil, especially considering the ongoing challenges posed by public health crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leadership and management competencies in occupational health: scoping review of the scientific and grey literature.","authors":"C Peach, S Vargas-Prada","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a need to develop a leadership and management competency framework for future occupational health (OH) leaders. This scoping review was conducted to establish what the current evidence base is and to inform further research in this area.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To characterize the evidence base for leadership and management competencies relevant to OH professionals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted via PubMed using search terms, inclusion criteria and search limits. A search of the online grey literature was conducted using Google search engine with the keyword search terms: leadership, management, competency, frameworks, occupational health, healthcare.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scientific literature identified nine relevant publications, one of which exclusively examined leadership within OH practice. It described the self-determining leadership needs of Occupational Health Physicians. The other eight publications described a strong consensus that leadership and management competencies are considered valuable or important, albeit in the wider context of core competencies required for clinicians working in the OH profession. In this context, leadership and management competencies were ranked less important than other core competencies for OH professional practice. A review of the Grey literature did not identify any additional publications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a paucity of OH-specific evidence on which to develop a leadership and management competency framework in the OH professional group. Further mixed-method research is required to identify all relevant cross-sector OH leadership and management competencies. This will inform the development of a consensus for a unified framework in the OH profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Systematic review and meta-analysis on the mental health of emergency and urgent call-handlers and dispatchers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote work and mental health among employed US adults.","authors":"Weng In Leong, Lijing Wei, Melody S Goodman, José A Pagán, Adolfo G Cuevas, Jemar R Bather","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existing research presents mixed findings regarding the effect of remote work on mental health, suggesting both beneficial and adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To quantify the association between remote work status and depression/anxiety risk among employed US adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Repeated cross-sectional data (September 2022 to October 2023) from the Household Pulse Survey, a nationally representative sample of US adults. Depression risk (Cronbach's α 0.74) was measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-2, and anxiety risk (Cronbach's α 0.82) was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2. Weighted logistic regression models estimated covariate-adjusted associations between remote work status (0, 1-2, 3-4, 5+ days) and depression and anxiety risk. Covariates included race/ethnicity, gender identity, marital status, age, educational attainment, household income, number of children, employment sector, region, and survey cycle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals who worked remotely for 1 to 2 days or 3 to 4 days per week (both adjusted OR [aOR]: 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.99) had slightly lower odds of depression risk than those who did not work remotely. Conversely, individuals who worked remotely for 5 or more days per week (aOR: 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.04) had slightly higher odds of anxiety risk compared to nonremote workers after controlling for the same covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Remote work status may be a social determinant of mental health. Our findings suggested that hybrid work may be a healthful working style. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish temporal relationships and potential causality between remote work arrangements and mental health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study of shift-work nurses' sleep adaptation process.","authors":"Hyunju Yang, Saeryun Kim, Suhyun Kim, Hyang-In Cho Chung","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nurses scheduled on a rotating cycle of three-shift allocations experience changes in their sleep patterns due to misaligned sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms, and they struggle to adapt to irregular sleep schedules.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to understand the nature and process of sleep adaptation in shift-working nurses in real-life situations and to explore how various conditions impact this process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative, in-depth interview study was conducted with 10 nurses working in a three-shift rotation system at two tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and independently analysed by two researchers using a standardized analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nurses who cycle between three-shift allocations lead a sleep-centred life due to irregular work schedules. They struggle to establish regularity in their sleep patterns and to regain control of their lives. These nurses continuously strive to adapt their sleep within the framework of a Möbius strip, progressing through stages of awareness, trial and error, and transition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The substantive theory of 'Trying to take initiative in life by discovering regularity amid irregular sleep' was derived from the sleep adaptation process of shift-working nurses. This theory provides a crucial foundation for developing practical strategies at both individual and institutional levels to promote sleep adaptation among shift-working nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A welder case with secondary haemochromatosis, which rarely accompanies pneumoconiosis.","authors":"S Çakmakcı Karakaya, Y S Hasanlı, A U Demir","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqaf030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive iron accumulation in the body can cause serious health problems, yet occupational factors have not been extensively addressed in the research literature. Welding fumes contain iron, which can be absorbed by inhalation, possibly leading toiron overload and impaired iron homeostasis in welders. We present a case of a welder with secondary haemochromatosis and welder's lung after more than 20 years in the metal industry. This highlights the need for risk management and comprehensive health monitoring, including ferritin and transferrin saturation, in pre-employment health assessment and periodic workplace health surveillance. Regular monitoring, early detection and proper workplace safety protocols can reduce the risk. Addressing both pulmonary and systemic risks through multidisciplinary evaluations is essential. We aimed to provide a new perspective by emphasizing iron homeostasis assessment in welders, which may help prevent underdiagnosed cases of occupational iron overload and promote targeted preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520727,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}