Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR最新文献

{"title":"A Tutorial Review on Clinical Acoustic Markers in Speech Science.","authors":"Benjamin Glenn Schultz,&nbsp;Adam P Vogel","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The human voice changes with the progression of neurological disease and the onset of diseases that affect articulators, often decreasing the effectiveness of communication. These changes can be objectively measured using signal processing techniques that extract acoustic features. When measuring acoustic features, there are often several steps and assumptions that might be known to experts in acoustics and phonetics, but are less transparent for other disciplines (e.g., clinical medicine, speech pathology, engineering, and data science). This tutorial describes these signal processing techniques, explicitly outlines the underlying steps for accurate measurement, and discusses the implications of clinical acoustic markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We establish a vocabulary using straightforward terms, provide visualizations to achieve common ground, and guide understanding for those outside the domains of acoustics and auditory signal processing. Where possible, we highlight the best practices for measuring clinical acoustic markers and suggest resources for obtaining and further understanding these measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3239-3263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40335302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Communicative Congruence and Communicative Dysphoria in a Sample of Individuals Without Voice Disorders.","authors":"Brett Welch,&nbsp;Leah B Helou","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examines communicative congruence and communicative dysphoria in adults who deny having a voice disorder. <i>Communicative congruence</i> is the degree to which a person's communication is consistent with their sense of self/identity. <i>Communicative dysphoria</i> is the psychological entropy resulting from communicative <i>in</i>congruence. We propose that these experiences may influence patients' psychosocial well-being and are thus relevant to the field of speech-language pathology. We hypothesized that both constructs would be normally distributed with an inverse relationship. We also hypothesized that communicative congruence would predict scores on the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale, subscales of the Big Five Aspect Scales (BFAS; a personality measure), and achieve convergent validity with the Vocal Congruence Scale (VCS).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (adults 18-70 years) completed the BFAS, CES-D, VCS, and the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) before recording a series of speech tasks. Participants' recordings were played back while they responded to questions probing their communicative congruence and communicative dysphoria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 196 participants were predominantly female (67.3%) and cisgender (96.4%). Communicative congruence was negatively skewed, and communicative dysphoria was normally distributed. Both variables significantly related to each other: More <i>in</i>congruence was associated with more dysphoria. Communicative congruence was inversely related to CES-D scores. The personality metatrait Plasticity related to communicative congruence, as did the domain of Extraversion and the aspects Withdrawal, Enthusiasm, and Assertiveness. Communicative congruence achieved high convergent validity with the VCS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Counter to our hypothesis, participants reported more congruence than incongruence, but all other hypotheses were supported. Participants who reported <i>in</i>congruence were more likely to report symptoms of depression. These findings suggest that even in a predominantly cisgender cohort, some individuals' mental well-being might relate to how well their communication aligns with their identity. This work may inform future investigations into these constructs and their effects on voice therapy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20739967.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3420-3437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40344450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Effects on Velopharyngeal Anatomy Within the First 2 Years of Life.","authors":"Katelyn J Kotlarek,&nbsp;Sierra Levene,&nbsp;Annalisa V Piccorelli,&nbsp;Krystle Barhaghi,&nbsp;Ilana Neuberger","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Limited quantitative data exist regarding growth of the velopharynx within the first 2 years of life. The purpose of this study was to (a) quantify changes in velopharyngeal structures due to growth during the first 2 years of life, (b) examine the impact of sex and race within this age range, and (c) provide normative measures for comparison to individuals with cleft palate.</p><p><strong>Method/description: </strong>A retrospective chart review was completed of all patients up to 24 months of age that underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the head for medical necessity within the past 18 months using a three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence. Measurements of the velopharynx were obtained from 200 scans consistent with previous literature. Participants were divided into five groups based on corrected age for comparison. Variables of interest included adenoid depth, angle of origin, effective velopharyngeal ratio, effective velar length, levator veli palatini length, origin-origin distance, pharyngeal depth, sagittal angle, velopharyngeal ratio, velar insertion distance, velar length, and velar thickness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Velopharyngeal dimensions were significantly different among corrected age groups after controlling for sex and race. Regarding age, analyses revealed significant differences in all variables of interest except effective velopharyngeal ratio. Regarding sex, significant differences were observed for angle of origin, effective velopharyngeal ratio, effective velar length, levator veli palatini muscle length, and velar insertion distance. Regarding race, a significant difference was only observed for angle of origin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results of this study demonstrate growth of velopharyngeal anatomy in normative infants with race and sex effects apparent in children up to 24 months of age. Variable growth trends were observed among different velopharyngeal measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3365-3376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hands-On Tutorial for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis With Example Data Set and Codes.","authors":"Xiaojuan Zhang,&nbsp;Bing Cheng,&nbsp;Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis are regarded as standard and valuable tools for providing an objective and reproducible synthesis of research findings in the literature. Their increasing popularity has led to heightened expectations for comprehensiveness and rigor in conducting scientific reviews and analyses. The purpose of this tutorial is to provide an overview and guidance on how to address the key elements for conducting a high-quality systematic review with meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This tutorial describes practical guidelines to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis for researchers who are interested in learning and applying the method. Drawing on previous meta-analytic reviews of second-language learning as illustrative examples, it discusses the methodological choices and judgment calls in each step of the review and analysis process. As a hands-on tutorial, it uses a published data set concerning the role of talker variability in speech training studies as a running example to elucidate the statistical process and interpret the results of meta-analysis with freely available R software.</p><p><strong>Results/conclusions: </strong>This tutorial provides a walk-through of the methodological choices, controversial issues, and common practices in conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The data set and R codes are offered as publicly accessible supplementary materials (https://osf.io/e9bkf/) for replication and practice, which we hope will motivate more applications in the speech, language, and hearing sciences field as well as behavioral and social sciences research in general.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3217-3238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40651687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Changes in Coarticulation Degree Relate to Differences in Articulatory Patterns: An Empirically Grounded Modeling Approach.","authors":"Dzhuma Abakarova,&nbsp;Susanne Fuchs,&nbsp;Aude Noiray","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Coarticulatory effects in speech vary across development, but the sources of this variation remain unclear. This study investigated whether developmental differences in intrasyllabic coarticulation degree could be explained by differences in children's articulatory patterns compared to adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To address this question, we first compared the tongue configurations of 3- to 7-year-old German children to those of adults. The observed developmental differences were then examined through simulations with Task Dynamics Application, a Task Dynamics simulation system, to establish which articulatory modifications could best reproduce the empirical results. To generate syllables simulating the lack of tongue gesture differentiation, we tested three simulation scenarios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that younger speakers use less differentiated articulatory patterns to achieve alveolar constrictions than adults. The simulations corresponding to undifferentiated control of tongue tip and tongue body resulted in (a) tongue shapes similar to those observed in natural speech and (b) higher degrees of intrasyllabic coarticulation in children when compared to adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results provide evidence that differences in articulatory patterns contribute to developmental differences in coarticulation degree. This study further shows that empirically informed modeling can advance our understanding of changes in coarticulatory patterns across age.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3276-3299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40721953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listening for Dysphagia: Voice Quality Sequelae of Material in the Airway.","authors":"Kathy Welden,&nbsp;Lisa Kelchner,&nbsp;Noah Silbert,&nbsp;David W Rule","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Postswallow voice abnormality is often assumed to indicate the presence of material in the laryngeal airway (MIA), but prior research has not shown definitive evidence of a causal relationship. This study investigated if endoscopically confirmed MIA (prandial material or secretions) generates specific voice quality attributes that can be perceptually identified by experienced listeners.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty-four dysphagic adults underwent endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Time-linked audiovisual recordings of pre- and postswallow phonation were analyzed to determine the presence, amount, and location of prandial material or secretions in the larynx during phonation. Expert listeners completed auditory-perceptual ratings of phonation samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Voice quality ratings did not differ significantly when there was MIA during postswallow phonation. However, judgments of voice quality abnormality for MIA samples were elevated when analyses controlled for effects of baseline dysphonia. Listeners were most likely to perceive voice quality abnormality when larger amounts of secretions were present, as compared to prandial material. Interrater reliability was variable and ranged from low to moderate across perceptual parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MIA during phonation occurred for many participants, but perception of voice quality abnormality was variable when MIA was present. Baseline dysphonia is common among individuals with dysphagia and may limit perception of voice quality abnormalities generated by MIA. Secretions in the laryngeal airway may have a greater impact on voice quality parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3337-3364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40720086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language-Fair Fast Mapping and Mutual Exclusivity Tasks for Mono- and Bilingual Preschoolers.","authors":"Solène Belogi,&nbsp;Robin Segerer,&nbsp;Letizia Volpin,&nbsp;Katrin Skoruppa","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Both monolingual and bilingual children use learning constraints and heuristics to acquire new words from their environment. Overall, fast mapping abilities seem to be similar in both populations, but monolinguals rely more than bilinguals on the mutual exclusivity strategy. Our study probes the robustness of these results in a large group of children learning different language combinations, with a newly devised language-fair task that relies as little as possible on previous linguistic knowledge, in order to avoid disadvantaging bilingual children.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We tested 138 3- to 5-year-old mono- and bilingual children in their dominant language (German, French, Italian, or Turkish) in a computerized task starting with a fast mapping phase, followed by a mutual exclusivity phase, using only invented nonobjects and nonwords.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As hypothesized, monolingual and bilingual children showed similar results during the initial fast mapping stage, but monolinguals relied significantly more on the mutual exclusivity strategy than their bilingual peers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The language-fair design of our task supports the idea that differences in mutual exclusivity strategy use between mono- and bilingual children really stem from their specific linguistic background, and not from potential familiarity differences with respect to the test words. We discuss the implications of our results for bilingual language assessment in clinical or educational contexts.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20669214.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3531-3538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40333599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on \"Voice Rehabilitation by Voice Prostheses After Total Laryngectomy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis for 11,918 Patients\".","authors":"Miguel Mayo-Yáñez, Carlos Miguel Chiesa-Estomba, Jérôme R Lechien, Antonino Maniaci, Michiel van den Brekel","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00137","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3452-3455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40638904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Self-Disclosure and Strategies for Communication Competence on Professors' Perceptions and Evaluations of Students Who Do and Do Not Stutter.","authors":"Danielle Werle,&nbsp;Courtney T Byrd","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of self-disclosure and strategies for communication competence on perceptual ratings and performance evaluations of undergraduate students who do and do not stutter by professors who require oral presentations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two hundred thirty-eight college instructors who require oral presentations in their classes participated in this study. Each participant viewed one video of six possible randomized conditions varying according to the presence and disclosure of stuttering (i.e., fluent, stuttering, stuttering + disclosure) and level of communication competence (i.e., high vs. low). Participants evaluated public speaking performance against a standardized rubric and rated the student along 16 personality traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of separate 2 × 3 analyses of variance revealed that professors perceived a student who disclosed stuttering, compared to the identical video without disclosure, more positively overall. Significant interactions between fluency (i.e., presence vs. absence of stuttering vs. disclosure of stuttering) and communication competence (i.e., high vs. low) were found for overall performance evaluation scores. The video during which the student disclosed stuttering and presented with low communication competence was given a higher score than the identical video without disclosure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Professors respond positively to both strategies for high communication competence and self-disclosure. High communication competence behaviors mitigate positive feedback bias. Disclosure results in improved positive perceptions across levels of communication competence. For students presenting with low communication competence, disclosure may improve evaluation of performance in oral presentations. The greatest perceptual and evaluative benefits were achieved with the combination of the two strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3405-3419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40332312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of Swallowing-Related Fatigue Among Older Adults.","authors":"Danielle Brates,&nbsp;Daphna Harel,&nbsp;Sonja M Molfenter","doi":"10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although fatigue is recognized as clinically relevant to swallowing performance, its prevalence and significance in dysphagic and nondysphagic adults have not been sufficiently examined. In this study, an online survey was used to examine swallowing- and eating-related fatigue (SERF) symptoms, the relationship between perceived SERF and other dysphagia-related health outcomes, and whether perceived SERF predicts risk for dysphagia or malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An online survey of older adults (aged 60 years or older) was conducted. A novel 12-item scale was developed to capture perceived SERF. Previously validated scales were used to measure dysphagia risk, sarcopenia, general fatigue, malnutrition risk, and quality of life. Logistic regression was used to examine whether SERF predicted risk for dysphagia and/or malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete responses were collected from 417 community-dwelling adults (<i>M</i> _age = 70.6 years, <i>SD</i> = 4.9; 263 women); 75% (<i>n</i> = 312) reported at least some degree of SERF. SERF was significantly correlated with dysphagia risk, sarcopenia, general fatigue, malnutrition risk, and quality of life. SERF was a significant predictor of dysphagia risk while controlling for age, gender, and other health outcomes (odds ratio [<i>OR</i>] = 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI; 1.16, 1.27], <i>p</i> < .001). For every unit increase in SERF score, the odds of being at risk for dysphagia were associated with an increase of 22%. Significant predictors for malnutrition risk included SERF (<i>OR</i> = 0.94, 95% CI [0.91, 0.98]), general fatigue (<i>OR</i> = 0.95, 95% CI [0.92, 0.99]), and quality of life (<i>OR</i> = 1.04, 95% CI [1.0, 1.1]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fatigue during swallowing and mealtimes is experienced by community-dwelling older adults and predicted dysphagia risk and malnutrition risk. Further research is needed to refine and validate a patient-reported outcome measure for SERF and examine the effects of fatigue on swallowing function and physiology under imaging.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20405835.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"2801-2814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40578559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}