Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR最新文献

{"title":"The Use of Ecological Momentary Assessments to Measure Perceived Stress in People With Aphasia: A Feasibility Study.","authors":"Courtney C Jewell, Jessica L Krok-Schoen, Stacy M Harnish","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00914","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>People with aphasia (PWAs) report higher levels of stress than people without aphasia. Stress can have adverse effects on physical and mental health and may lead to harmful changes in the body's neurological functioning. Moreover, the perception of stress is a dynamic construct, and considerable fluctuations in symptom severity occur. Ecological momentary assessments (EMAs), or data sampling in an individual's real environment, have been increasingly used in health care research, but their application to PWAs has yet to be explored. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and compliance of interval-contingent EMAs to measure perceived stress in the real world for PWAs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-five participants from a larger parent study participated in the EMA protocol. Participants were sent text messages with a link to answer five prompts regarding stress severity once a day for 10 consecutive days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 29 participants screened, 25 were successfully enrolled in the EMA portion of the study, achieving a feasibility rate of 86%. Compliance was 93.2%, which exceeded the compliance goal of ≥ 80%. The mean baseline stress score was 16.56 (range: 2.00-37.00), and the mean general stress score from EMA reports was 1.98 (range: 1.00-3.25). Mean general stress ratings from the EMA reports showed a moderate, positive relationship with baseline stress, <i>r</i> = .56, <i>S</i> = 1131.5, <i>p</i> = .003.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study found evidence to support the feasibility and compliance of interval-contingent EMAs for PWAs. Current research examining chronic stress and the development of therapeutic interventions can be expanded upon using EMAs.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.29885360.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4391-4402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Diagnostic Measures in Veterans With Self-Perceived Hearing Handicap Despite Normal Audiometric Thresholds: A Rapid Scoping Review.","authors":"David P Jedlicka, Hari Bharadwaj, Elaine Mormer, Aravind Parthasarathy, Catherine V Palmer","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-25-00096","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-25-00096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This rapid scoping review examined clinical test measure literature among veterans with self-perceived hearing handicap with normal audiometric threshold configurations (SPHH-NA) and those with normal audiometric thresholds and no self-perceived hearing handicap to determine which tests differentiate these groups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A rapid scoping review in the PubMed and CINAHL databases was completed. Articles included met the following criteria: experimental studies, written in English, with full online article access, participants who were U.S. military members or veterans reporting SPHH-NA completing at least one diagnostic test. Effect sizes from the articles meeting the inclusion criteria were calculated using Hedges' <i>g</i> measure of effect size to determine the clinical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven of an initially identified 1,836 articles met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-seven test measures were completed across the 11 studies. Fifteen test measures found a significant difference between groups in at least one study. Some studies using the same test measures did not find a significant difference. Twelve other test measures did not show any significant differences. Self-report questionnaires were the only measures to find large effect sizes across multiple studies. Five speech-in-noise tests were administered with only one instance finding a large effect size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Traditionally, readily available audiometric tests have been applied to those with SPHH-NA. The results of this study support the need to carefully consider what underlying mechanisms may differentiate these populations. Improved diagnostic approaches targeting higher level processing may support targeted treatments. Given the large number of measures evaluated that do not show any differences, we recommend changing our approach for future research to consider factors that extend beyond only evaluating the auditory system.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4474-4489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144802463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Elicitation of Stuttering in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data Collection Using a Suite of Connected Speech Tasks.","authors":"Yijing Lu, Louis Goldstein, Dani Byrd, Shrikanth Narayanan","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00764","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Articulatory behaviors during moments of stuttering have been understudied, largely due to the technical difficulty of collecting such data. Tracking moving articulators during stuttering requires advanced instrumentation, and eliciting stuttering in a lab setting poses challenges for experimental design. To address these difficulties, we present a novel methodology that combines real-time vocal tract magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a suite of connected speech tasks to elicit stuttering.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A high-performance 0.55 T MRI system, with a custom eight-channel upper airway coil and a spiral balanced steady-state free precession pulse sequence, was used to acquire real-time MRI speech production data from seven adults who stutter. During scans, participants performed three connected speech tasks that incorporate stuttering-inducing factors: (a) passage reading, (b) short interviews with the experimenter, and (c) picture description within a time limit. Speech tasks were interleaved with one another.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each participant produced over 100 stuttered words, covering various disfluency types and linguistic features. Fluent and disfluent productions of the same words were elicited, enabling direct articulatory comparisons. Participants did not show a significant decrease in the percentage of syllables stuttered (%SS) inside the scanner compared to outside, suggesting that our protocol effectively mitigated fluency-enhancing factors during scanning. %SS in each speech task varied substantially across participants, justifying the inclusion of multiple task types. Interleaving different tasks helped maintain a stable %SS throughout. The collected real-time MRI vocal tract videos reveal meaningful articulatory behaviors during stuttering that are not detectable via acoustics alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The suite of specially designed speech tasks was effective in eliciting stuttering during real-time MRI data collection. Combining these speech tasks with dynamic MRI technology offers a powerful approach to studying the articulatory mechanisms of stuttering. In addition to real-time MRI, these speech tasks have the potential to be combined with other experimental instrumentation to facilitate collecting data specifically during stuttered speech.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4275-4289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysarthria in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: Prevalence and Disease Progression.","authors":"Hai-Ping Ji, Mao-Lin Cui, Wei Lin, Zhuo-Ying Huang, Bei-Ning Ye, Shi-Rui Gan","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00845","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), a common genetic disorder, results from an expanded CAG repeat in the <i>ATXN3</i> gene. It often leads to dysarthria, which impacts patients' quality of life. Yet, there is limited research on how dysarthria's prevalence relates to clinical features and disease progression in SCA3.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 183 SCA3 patients, dividing them into dysarthria and non-dysarthria groups based on their \"speech disturbance\" subscale scores from the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Patients with a score of zero were classified as non-dysarthria, while those with higher scores were classified as dysarthria. Spearman's rho tested factor associations with dysarthria; logistic regression identified dysarthria risk factors. Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to demonstrate the onset of dysarthria over the disease duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified a 78.7% prevalence of dysarthria among SCA3 patients. Patients with dysarthria had significantly higher SARA scores (<i>p</i> < .001) and longer disease durations (<i>p</i> < .001). Disease duration showed the strongest association with the occurrence of dysarthria (<i>r</i> = .319, <i>p</i> < .001) and emerged as an independent prognostic factor (<i>p</i> < .001). By the eighth year, 50% of patients exhibited dysarthria, with the highest incidence occurring in the later stages of the first decade.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dysarthria is common in SCA3 patients, with disease duration as the main prognostic factor. The prevalence of dysarthria increases as the disease progresses, particularly during the later stages of the first decade. These findings underscore the need for early intervention to address dysarthria in SCA3 patients, especially as they approach critical disease milestones.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4256-4262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhotic Acquisition Is More Rapid in Biofeedback Than Motor-Based Treatment for Residual Speech Sound Disorder: Primary Outcome of a Randomizeeech Research Articlesd Controlled Trial.","authors":"Tara McAllister, Jonathan L Preston, Nina R Benway, Jennifer Hill, Marcela P Lara, Megan C Leece, Wendy Liang, Elaine R Hitchcock","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Residual speech sound disorder (RSSD) is a high-prevalence condition that can limit children's academic and social participation, with negative consequences for overall well-being. Previous studies have described visual biofeedback as a promising option for RSSD, but results have been inconclusive due to study design limitations and small sample sizes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In a preregistered randomized controlled trial, 108 children aged 9-15 years with RSSD affecting American English /ɹ/ were randomly assigned to receive treatment incorporating visual biofeedback (subdivided into ultrasound and visual-acoustic types) or a comparison condition of motor-based treatment consistent with current best practices in speech therapy. An acoustic measure (the distance between the second and third formants, which is smaller in perceptually accurate /ɹ/) was used to quantify progress in the first three sessions of treatment in participants' assigned condition. The focus on the early stages of treatment was grounded in principles of motor learning: As a type of knowledge of performance feedback, biofeedback is expected to have its greatest impact during initial acquisition of a new speech-motor plan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A linear mixed-effects regression model revealed a statistically significant interaction between treatment type and session: While both groups made progress over time, the rate of progress was significantly faster in the biofeedback condition compared to motor-based treatment. No statistically significant difference was observed between the ultrasound and visual-acoustic types of biofeedback.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This large-scale randomized controlled trial supports previous small-scale research in finding that biofeedback can help children with RSSD acquire American English /ɹ/. A companion study will compare participants' generalization learning after the end of all treatment.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.29971501.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward an Understanding of Developmental Language Disorder in Adults: Investigating the Relationship Between Cognitive Abilities and Linguistic Outcomes.","authors":"Ashley Blake, Ewa Dąbrowska, Miquel Llompart","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00557","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is a growing body of research on developmental language disorder (DLD), but very few studies have focused on the role of cognitive abilities in adulthood. The present study explored the relationship between cognition and language in adults with and without DLD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty participants, 30 language typical (LT) adults and 30 with DLD, completed a battery of online cognitive and language assessments. Cognitive tasks included language analytic ability (the ability to recognize the grammatical functions of sentence elements), nonverbal IQ, explicit learning of form-meaning pairings, implicit statistical learning, and speed of automatization. Language assessments included two grammar tasks (assessing morphosyntax) and vocabulary. Accuracy and reaction time measures were obtained for all tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between-group differences demonstrated that language remains an area of difficulty for adults with DLD. Language analytic ability was a significant predictor of grammatical and vocabulary knowledge in the LT group and of grammar in the DLD group. In addition, we found that explicit learning of form-meaning pairings predicted linguistic outcomes in adults with DLD. We found small or no differences for all the other cognitive abilities; this is in line with previous studies that report a relative \"catch up\" in cognitive abilities in adults with DLD. Response times for the DLD group were slower in both linguistic and nonlinguistic tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate that language difficulties in DLD persist into adulthood. Regarding cognitive measures, we show that language analytic ability is a key predictor of linguistic outcomes in both groups, and explicit learning of form-meaning pairings predicts grammar and vocabulary in the DLD group. These findings have important implications for clinical interventions, as they suggest that both implicit (fast, effortless, and unconscious) and explicit (slow, effortful, and conscious) processes are relevant to language. In addition, adults with DLD may require additional processing time in cognitive and linguistic tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3895-3918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masked-Speech Recognition and Self-Reported Functional Listening in Autistic Young Adults.","authors":"Peter A Wasiuk, Barbara A Cook, Julia R Irwin","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00791","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Autistic adults consistently report difficulties understanding speech in adverse listening environments, which may be related to differences in social communication and participation. Research examining masked-speech recognition in autistic adults is limited, particularly in competing speech backgrounds with high degrees of informational masking. This work characterizes speech-in-speech and speech-in-noise recognition in young adults on the autism spectrum, as well as evaluates self-reported functional listening abilities and listening-related fatigue.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Masked-speech recognition was evaluated in both autistic (<i>n</i> = 20) and non-autistic (<i>n</i> = 20) young adults with normal hearing. Speech reception thresholds were adaptively measured in two-talker speech and speech-shaped noise using target sentences that were either semantically meaningful or anomalous. Functional listening abilities and listening-related fatigue were assessed using the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale and the Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale for Adults. Autism characteristics and social communication experiences were quantified using the Social Responsiveness Scale-Second Edition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Autistic adults displayed significantly poorer speech-in-speech recognition than their non-autistic peers, while speech-in-noise recognition did not differ between groups. Functional listening difficulties in daily life and listening-related fatigue were significantly higher for autistic participants. Autism characteristics strongly predicted functional listening abilities and listening-related fatigue in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Autistic young adults experience objective speech-in-speech recognition difficulties that correspond with listening challenges in daily life. Autism characteristics and social communication experiences predict functional listening abilities reported by both autistic and non-autistic young adults with normal hearing. Speech-in-speech recognition difficulties observed here may amplify social communication challenges for adults on the autism spectrum. Future work must prioritize improved awareness of autistic listening differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4106-4122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Methodological Decisions for Calculating the Minimally Detectable Change in Dysarthria: Reliability, Statistics, and Standard Error of Measurement.","authors":"Kelly E Gates, Antje S Mefferd, Kaila L Stipancic","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00899","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The minimally detectable change (MDC), widely used in rehabilitation sciences to interpret changes in outcome measures, is calculated using a reliability method, reliability statistic, and standard error of measurement (<i>SEM</i>). This study examined how different methodological choices affect MDC thresholds of speech intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria. The goals of this study were to compare MDCs calculated using (a) three different reliability methods, (b) two different reliability statistics, and (c) three different <i>SEM</i> calculations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Recordings of the Speech Intelligibility Test from 200 speakers including speakers with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (<i>n</i> = 16), Huntington's disease (<i>n</i> = 44), multiple sclerosis (<i>n</i> = 60), and Parkinson's disease (<i>n</i> = 40), along with healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 40), were drawn from two databases. Thirty inexperienced listeners completed two sessions, providing orthographic transcriptions of 20 speakers. MDCs of intelligibility were calculated using (a) three reliability methods (i.e., test-retest, split-half, and intrarater), (b) two reliability statistics (i.e., Pearson <i>r</i> and intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs]), and (c) three different formulas for calculating the <i>SEM</i>. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess the effects of reliability methods, statistics, and <i>SEM</i> calculations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were found between the MDCs when using split-half and test-retest reliability, when using Pearson <i>r</i> and ICC, and when using two of the three <i>SEM</i> calculations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results demonstrate that methodological decisions can impact MDCs of speech intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria, highlighting the need for specific, detailed reporting of methodology used to calculate MDCs in future work. Findings can provide methodological guidance for future studies and contextualize existing research on intelligibility changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3771-3788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12384892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Introduction to Equivalence Testing in Jamovi for Nonsignificant Results in Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.","authors":"Christopher R Brydges, Laura Gaeta","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-22-00501","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-22-00501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evidence-based data analysis methods are crucial in clinical and translational research areas, including speech-language pathology and audiology. Although commonly used, null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) is limited with regards to the conclusions that can be drawn from results, particularly nonsignificant findings. Equivalence testing can be used to complement NHST and imply the presence of an effect large enough to be considered as meaningful. This tutorial provides an introduction to equivalence testing using jamovi, a free graphics-based statistics package that allows researchers to conduct a wide range of statistical analyses, including equivalence testing, in a clear and easy-to-interpret manner.</p><p><strong>Method and results: </strong>Simulated examples of equivalence testing of independent-samples <i>t</i> tests, paired-samples <i>t</i> tests, and correlations were conducted in jamovi, with explanations and justifications of choosing the smallest effect size of interest and analysis options provided and statistical output explained and interpreted. These examples also demonstrate what equivalence testing can and cannot infer about a data set.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Analyses of nonsignificant results, through the use of equivalence testing, are underutilized in speech, language, and hearing research. By complementing traditional NHST analyses with equivalence testing, researchers can directly test for the presence (or absence) of an observed effect large enough that may be considered meaningful, and therefore test for both statistical significance and practical/clinical significance, which allows researchers to draw more informative conclusions from their findings and provide clearer information for clinicians and researchers in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4094-4105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Perception of (Trans)masculinity in Speech: Effects of Acoustic Characteristics and Rater Identity.","authors":"Benjamin Munson, Devin V Dolquist","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00756","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gender-affirming communication services are based on studies of speech produced and perceived by cisgender men and women. The current study examined the perception of gender and gender orientation (i.e., whether someone is cisgender or transgender) in the Palette of Voices, an openly available corpus of the speech of transgender and cisgender men, by cisgender heterosexual men (CHM) and cisgender heterosexual women (CHF), and a group of gender and sexuality expansive (GSE) listeners. We examined how both the acoustic characteristics of speech and listener identity affect gender and gender orientation categorization.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 199) categorized the gender and gender orientation of 240 sentence productions produced by 20 male talkers in an online experiment, including tokens whose fundamental frequency (<i>F</i>0) and formant frequency scaling had been altered, and unmanipulated tokens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent with previous research, productions with lower <i>F</i>0 and lower formant frequencies were more likely to be categorized as male than ones with higher <i>F</i>0s and formants. The weighting of these variables differed systematically across listener groups, with the GSE group weighting these variables less than the CHM and CHF groups when categorizing gender, but more when categorizing gender orientation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between the acoustic characteristics of a talker's speech and the categorization of their gender and gender orientation is highly variable across and within groups. The perception data and speech samples in this study are openly available. Suggestions are given for how they might be used to supplement existing gender-affirming communication services.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"3798-3822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}