Global mental health (Cambridge, England)最新文献

{"title":"Disability, violence, and mental health among Somali refugee women in a humanitarian setting.","authors":"Mazeda Hossain,&nbsp;Rachel Pearson,&nbsp;Alys McAlpine,&nbsp;Loraine Bacchus,&nbsp;Sheru W Muuo,&nbsp;Stella K Muthuri,&nbsp;Jo Spangaro,&nbsp;Hannah Kuper,&nbsp;Giorgia Franchi,&nbsp;Ricardo Pla Cordero,&nbsp;Sarah Cornish-Spencer,&nbsp;Tim Hess,&nbsp;Martin Bangha,&nbsp;Chimaraoke Izugbara","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited evidence on the relationship between disability, experiences of gender-based violence (GBV), and mental health among refugee women in humanitarian contexts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of baseline data (<i>n</i> = 209) collected from women enrolled in a cohort study of refugee women accessing GBV response services in the Dadaab refugee camps in Kenya. Women were surveyed about GBV experiences (past 12 months, before the last 12 months, before arriving in the refugee camps), functional disability status, and mental health (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress), and we explored the inter-relationship of these factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among women accessing GBV response services, 44% reported a disability. A higher proportion of women with a disability (69%) reported a past-year experience of physical intimate partner violence and/or physical or sexual non-partner violence, compared to women without a disability (54%). A higher proportion of women with a disability (32%) experienced non-partner physical or sexual violence before arriving in the camp compared to women without a disability (16%). Disability was associated with higher scores for depression (1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54-3.33), PTSD (2.26, 95% CI 0.03-4.49), and anxiety (1.54, 95% CI 0.13-2.95) after adjusting for age, length of encampment, partner status, number of children, and GBV indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A large proportion of refugee women seeking GBV response services have disabilities, and refugee women with a disability are at high risk of poor mental health. This research highlights the need for mental health and disability screening within GBV response programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.23","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38775453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of mental health problems in sub-Saharan adolescents living with HIV: a systematic review.","authors":"A S Dessauvagie,&nbsp;A Jörns-Presentati,&nbsp;A-K Napp,&nbsp;D J Stein,&nbsp;D Jonker,&nbsp;E Breet,&nbsp;W Charles,&nbsp;R L Swart,&nbsp;M Lahti,&nbsp;S Suliman,&nbsp;R Jansen,&nbsp;L L van den Heuvel,&nbsp;S Seedat,&nbsp;G Groen","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the progress made in HIV treatment and prevention, HIV remains a major cause of adolescent morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. As perinatally infected children increasingly survive into adulthood, the quality of life and mental health of this population has increased in importance. This review provides a synthesis of the prevalence of mental health problems in this population and explores associated factors. A systematic database search (Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus) with an additional hand search was conducted. Peer-reviewed studies on adolescents (aged 10-19), published between 2008 and 2019, assessing mental health symptoms or psychiatric disorders, either by standardized questionnaires or by diagnostic interviews, were included. The search identified 1461 articles, of which 301 were eligible for full-text analysis. Fourteen of these, concerning HIV-positive adolescents, met the inclusion criteria and were critically appraised. Mental health problems were highly prevalent among this group, with around 25% scoring positive for any psychiatric disorder and 30-50% showing emotional or behavioral difficulties or significant psychological distress. Associated factors found by regression analysis were older age, not being in school, impaired family functioning, HIV-related stigma and bullying, and poverty. Social support and parental competence were protective factors. Mental health problems among HIV-positive adolescents are highly prevalent and should be addressed as part of regular HIV care.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38775452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The treatment of mental illness in faith-based and traditional healing centres in Ghana: perspectives of service users and healers.","authors":"Jessica E Lambert,&nbsp;Fred Nantogmah,&nbsp;Adam Yahaya Dokurugu,&nbsp;Hanan Alhassan,&nbsp;Sandow Stanislaus Azuure,&nbsp;Peter Badimak Yaro,&nbsp;Jeanette Kørner","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The maltreatment of people with mental illness in Ghana's traditional and faith-based healing centres, including shackling, flogging, and forced fasting, has been documented by numerous sources. Such treatment is potentially traumatising and may exacerbate mental health problems. Despite widespread use, few studies have focused on experiences and characteristics of people who seek traditional healing for mental illness or healers' perspectives treatment of these conditions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 82 individuals who were treated in healing centres and 40 traditional healers; all took part in semi-structured interviews. Those treated were asked about experiences in centres and assessed for prior trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress, and functional impairment. Healers were asked about beliefs and practices related to the treatment of mental illness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals treated in centres and healers generally believed that mental illness has a spiritual cause. Approximately 30.5% of those treated in centres were exposed to maltreatment; despite this, half would return. Individuals with a history of trauma were more likely to report maltreatment in the centre and had higher symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Most participants had impaired functioning. Healers who used practices like shackling believed they were necessary. Most healers were willing to collaborate with the official health structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results provide insight into the treatment of mental illness by traditional healers in Ghana and the need for trauma-informed mental health services. Findings also highlight the importance of considering cultural beliefs when attempting to implement mental health interventions in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.21","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38544695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic anxiety and its correlates among young doctors working frontline in Pakistan.","authors":"Alina Rashid,&nbsp;Kanza Faisal","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study explores the challenges and threats young doctors in Pakistan working frontline toward the pandemic face, and how it translates into their personal and social lives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen resident doctors working frontline with COVID-19 cases were approached and interviewed in-depth until the point of data saturation. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used as a method for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes emerged in the analysis: pandemic anxiety, organizational lack of readiness for change, impact on interpersonal relationships, and commitment to service. Young doctors experienced psychological distress, and emotional vulnerability due to the challenges and concerns faced by them in the wake of COVID-19. Shortage and excessive reuse of personal protective equipment, direct exposure to the disease, concern for personal safety, fear and apprehension of being a probable disease carrier for families, physical distancing from loved ones, long working hours, and increased organizational responsibility altered the quality of life for doctors working frontline toward pandemic in COVID wards. Doctors who received appreciation and support by families reported improved filial bonds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adverse effect on psychological health, personal and social life, and increased professional demands have been some of the major challenges and threats faced by young doctors working frontline toward the pandemic. However, unconditional love and support from family and community has proven to reduce pandemic anxiety among doctors. Furthermore, the sense of compassion and the satisfaction in service to community has kept doctors devoted to fight against pandemic 2020.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.22","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39123590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Justice for George Floyd and a reckoning for global mental health.","authors":"Stevan Weine,&nbsp;Brandon A Kohrt,&nbsp;Pamela Y Collins,&nbsp;Janice Cooper,&nbsp;Roberto Lewis-Fernandez,&nbsp;Samuel Okpaku,&nbsp;Milton L Wainberg","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2020.17.].</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.19","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38544694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The need to shift to a contextualized and collective mental health paradigm: learning from crisis-hit Lebanon.","authors":"Tania Bosqui","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.20","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of national and international crises and disasters on population mental health has been well established, with poorer mental health and a higher incidence of mental disorders documented during war and armed conflict, political instability and anti-government protests, natural disasters, economic crises, mass displacement, and linked more broadly to inequality, poverty and social injustices Following the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health has been highlighted as a global priority in response to the fallout of the crisis, with the toll of lockdown, loss of jobs, increase in domestic violence, and lower social support impacting the wellbeing and functioning of affected populations Research has shown that such crises, particularly when chronic, have an impact beyond the experience of the individual, affecting the functioning of families, communities, and wider social structures and socio-political systems Despite major advances in the development and implementation of interventions in responding to crises and emergencies, there remain significant gaps in the evidence-base for public mental health responses that are sufficiently contextualized to this collective suffering (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.20","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39123589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Justice for George Floyd and a reckoning for global mental health.","authors":"Stevan Weine,&nbsp;Brandon A Kohrt,&nbsp;Pamela Y Collins,&nbsp;Janice Cooper,&nbsp;Roberto Lewis-Fernandez,&nbsp;Samuel Okpaku,&nbsp;Milton L Wainberg","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the wake of George Floyd's killing by police in Minneapolis and the global response inspired by Black Lives Matter, it is time for the field of global mental health to reexamine how we have acknowledged and addressed racism in our institutions, our research, and our mental health services. In solidarity with street level responses, this is an important opportunity to understand and collaboratively respond to public demand for systemic change. To respond effectively, it is vital to (1) be aware of the colonial history that influences today's practices, and move forward with anti-colonial and anti-racist actions; (2) identify where and why diversity and representation are lacking in the global mental health workforce, then follow steps to combat these disparities; and (3) work with communities and institutions to end both police violence and structural violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38408211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-level predictors of detection of depressive symptoms, referral, and uptake of depression counseling among chronic care patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.","authors":"Christopher G Kemp,&nbsp;Ntokozo Mntambo,&nbsp;Max Bachmann,&nbsp;Arvin Bhana,&nbsp;Deepa Rao,&nbsp;Merridy Grant,&nbsp;James P Hughes,&nbsp;Jane M Simoni,&nbsp;Bryan J Weiner,&nbsp;Sithabisile Gugulethu Gigaba,&nbsp;Zamasomi Prudence Busisiwe Luvuno,&nbsp;Inge Petersen","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Integration of depression treatment into primary care could improve patient outcomes in low-resource settings. Losses along the depression care cascade limit integrated service effectiveness. This study identified patient-level factors that predicted detection of depressive symptoms by nurses, referral for depression treatment, and uptake of counseling, as part of integrated care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an analysis of baseline data from a prospective cohort. Participants were adult patients with at least moderate depressive symptoms at primary care facilities in Amajuba, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participants were screened for depressive symptoms prior to routine assessment by a nurse. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate associations between patient characteristics and service delivery outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 412 participants were analyzed. Nurses successfully detected depressive symptoms in 208 [50.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 38.9-62.0] participants; of these, they referred 76 (36.5%, 95% CI 20.3-56.5) for depression treatment; of these, 18 (23.7%, 95% CI 10.7-44.6) attended at least one session of depression counseling. Depressive symptom severity, alcohol use severity, and perceived stress were associated with detection. Similar factors did not drive referral or counseling uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nurses detected patients with depressive symptoms at rates comparable to primary care providers in high-resource settings, though gaps in referral and uptake persist. Nurses were more likely to detect symptoms among patients in more severe mental distress. Implementation strategies for integrated mental health care in low-resource settings should target improved rates of detection, referral, and uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38366521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening parenting in conflict-affected communities: development of the Caregiver Support Intervention.","authors":"Kenneth E Miller,&nbsp;Heba Ghalayini,&nbsp;Maguy Arnous,&nbsp;Fadila Tossyeh,&nbsp;Alexandra Chen,&nbsp;Myrthe van den Broek,&nbsp;Gabriela V Koppenol-Gonzalez,&nbsp;Joy Saade,&nbsp;Mark J D Jordans","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is robust evidence that compromised parenting, stemming from persistently high stress, mediates the impact of war and displacement on children's mental health and psychosocial wellbeing. Parenting interventions generally prioritize the acquisition of parenting knowledge and skills, while under-attending to parental stress and distress. This paper describes the development of the Caregiver Support Intervention (CSI), a nine-session group intervention for conflict-affected parents of children aged 3-13, that aims to strengthen parenting both indirectly, by lowering stress and improving psychosocial wellbeing among parents, and directly, by increasing knowledge and skill related to positive parenting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We describe the multi-phase, iterative process by which we developed the CSI, and illustrate the essential role of community input in shaping the intervention and strengthening its cultural fit and perceived usefulness. We used focus group data from participants in successive cycles of implementation, feedback, and revision, as well as quantitative data and expert consultation to develop a culturally and empirically grounded intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This mixed-method, iterative approach to intervention development enabled us to develop a psychosocial intervention for conflict-affected caregivers that is feasible, acceptable, and perceived by participants as useful in addressing their own wellbeing and their parenting. Focus group data support the underlying model in which caregiver wellbeing powerfully influences parenting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Programs aimed at strengthening parenting in conflict-affected communities should substantively address caregiver wellbeing. An iterative approach incorporating community feedback can help ensure intervention acceptability and feasibility. We also illustrate the feasibility of involving men in parenting interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38218827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiving burden and mental health problems among family caregivers of people with dementia in rural Uganda.","authors":"Herbert E Ainamani,&nbsp;Paul E Alele,&nbsp;Godfrey Z Rukundo,&nbsp;Samuel Maling,&nbsp;Edith K Wakida,&nbsp;Celestino Obua,&nbsp;Alexander C Tsai","doi":"10.1017/gmh.2020.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease and related dementias are associated with increasing health burden in low- and middle-income countries. Less well-recognized is the potential health burden experienced by other affected individuals, such as family caregivers. In this study, we sought to profile the burden of care and its association with symptoms of depression and anxiety among informal caregivers of people living with dementia in rural southwestern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study of 232 family caregivers of people with dementia. The key measured variables of interest were caregiving burden (Zarit Burden Index) and symptoms of depression and anxiety (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales). We fitted multivariable regression models specifying depression and anxiety symptoms as the primary outcomes of interest and caregiving burden as the primary explanatory variable of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Family caregivers of people with dementia experience significant caregiving burden, with each item on the Zarit Burden Index endorsed by more than 70% of study participants. Nearly half [108 (47%)] of caregivers had Zarit Burden Interview scores >60, suggestive of severe caregiving burden. In multivariable regression models, we estimated a statistically significant positive association between caregiving burden and symptoms of both depression [<i>b</i> = 0.42; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-0.49] and anxiety (<i>b</i> = 0.37; 95% CI 0.30-0.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Family caregivers of people with dementia in rural Uganda experience a high caregiving burden, which is associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Interventions aimed at reducing caregiving burden may have important collateral mental health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":520633,"journal":{"name":"Global mental health (Cambridge, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/gmh.2020.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38218826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}