European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Hypersensitivity associated with molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) among elementary schoolchildren in Bavaria, Germany: results from a cross-sectional study.","authors":"R Gaballah, S Amend, K-F Fresen, H Schill, R Michel, V Pitchika, J Kühnisch, N Krämer","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01054-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01054-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed to provide population-based data on hypersensitivity associated with molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in 8- to 10-year-olds from Bavaria, Germany. It was hypothesized that hypersensitivity would be equally distributed among MIH teeth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 5418 schoolchildren (8-10 years) were examined using the MIH criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) and the MIH Treatment Need Index (MIH-TNI). MIH-TNI 1 was linked with mild MIH; MIH-TNI 2-4 corresponded to severe MIH. Hypersensitivity was recorded dichotomously (yes/no) after a two-second, 2.8-bar air blast (Schiff test). Descriptive statistics and a mixed-effects logistic regression model-adjusted for age, sex, region, tooth type, and caries status-explored hypersensitivity in MIH-affected teeth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MIH prevalence was 17.5% (n = 945). In this group, 9.8% of the children showed hypersensitivity in at least one tooth; 5.6% of all MIH-affected teeth were hypersensitive. Nearly half of the MIH-affected children (49.7%) presented severe MIH-TNI findings; MIH-TNI 2 was the most frequent finding (39.9%). Regression analyses indicated that demarcated opacities were significantly less likely to be associated with hypersensitivity (aOR = 0.054, p < 0.001). However, enamel breakdown did not show a significant association with hypersensitivity (aOR = 0.853, p = 0.693).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although MIH was relatively common, overall hypersensitivity rates were low. Demarcated opacities were significantly less prone to hypersensitivity, yet enamel breakdown did not significantly differ from healthy teeth. Further standardised epidemiological research is needed to clarify variations in hypersensitivity rates and explore additional risk factors, e.g., breakdown depth or defect extension.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144218556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Concerns regarding the interpretation of needle visibility in paediatric dental anxiety.","authors":"A Kupietzky","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01070-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01070-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144218557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported attitudes and perceptions regarding child abuse among Palestinian dentists: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"M A Dama, A Q Shqair, M S Azevedo, O B Al-Batayneh","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01056-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01056-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Given the prevalence of physical abuse toward the head and face, dental care settings are frequently the first point of contact for victims of violence. Dentists, like other medical practitioners, have a primary responsibility to safeguard patient health and life, hence they can be crucial in identifying and reporting violent victims. Therefore, this study was directed to assess the attitudes and perceptions of Palestinian dentists regarding child abuse and to investigate professional characteristics associated with the identification of suspected child abuse.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A questionnaire was sent to the 745 dentists of Palestine and 380 (51.0%) were returned. Demographic data, profiles of dentists, information regarding their knowledge and attitudes concerning child abuse, and the obstacles that may stop them from reporting abuse cases were collected. Descriptive analysis was performed, and associations were tested by chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most dentists were general practitioners (88.9%), nine of whom were boarded paediatric dentists. 217 (58.2%) considered themselves fit to identify signs of abuse even so, 93.5% do not report the abuse cases. A statistically higher proportion of specialist dentists, working in the public sector, having more practice and who have children had suspected cases of child abuse.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although dentists considered themselves able to identify cases of child maltreatment, a high proportion of them do not report the abuse cases, this is related to many factors, such as less experience, little information, no training, and less confidence to report child abuse. Improved training in forensic and legal dentistry is needed, together with the establishment of detection and reporting protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of psychosocial factors on oral health-related quality of life in Brazilian preschool children: structural equation modeling.","authors":"Í L P Araújo, M C Gomes, É T B Neves, R T Firmino, S M Paiva, M F Perazzo, A F Granville-Garcia","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01060-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01060-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the pathways through which psychosocial factors, dental caries and dental visits impact the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children and their parents/guardians using structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 769 pairs of 5-year-old preschool children and their parents/guardians. The parents/guardians answered questionnaires addressing sociodemographic characteristics and oral hygiene factors, as well as the Sense of Coherence Scale (SoC) and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC). The children and parents/guardians also answered the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five-Year-Old Children (SOHO-5). Dental caries lesions in children were classified using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) by two calibrated examiners (Kappa > 0.80). Descriptive analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the measurement models were performed, followed by structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Goodness-of-fit indices were considered adequate (root mean square error approximation = 0.03; comparative fit index = 0.96; standardized root mean square residual = 0.06; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.95). Weak sense of coherence (β: - 0.09; p < 0.03), external locus of control (β: - 0.14; p < 0.01), and cavitated teeth (β: 0.25; p < 0.01) exerted a direct impact on the OHRQoL of the children, and visit to the dentist (β: 0.16; p < 0.01) had an indirect effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychosocial factors and dental condition directly impact the OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents/guardians, while dental visits have an indirect effect. This highlights the need for integrated approaches that consider both clinical and psychological aspects to improve the OHRQoL of preschool children.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional morphological evaluation of anatomical models for 101 primary maxillary central incisors.","authors":"K Li, A Wen, J Bai, M Xu, T Ma, D Wang, Y Zhao, B Xia","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01058-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01058-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Research on primary maxillary central incisors (PMCIs) remains limited, and their morphological variations have rarely been documented. This study aimed to reconstruct anatomy of PMCIs in children from Beijing (China) and to analyse their commonalities and variations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Employing a threshold-based semi-automated region segmentation method, anatomical models of 101 PMCIs were reconstructed from existing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Models were classified according to the Vertucci classification. For each variant type, representative morphological parameters of the hard tissue, pulp chamber, and canals were measured. The type with the highest prevalence was selected as the main type and its average model was constructed, representing the most common characteristics of PMCIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All PMCIs had a single root, whereas novel canal variations were identified. The most common canal type was Type I (61.4%), followed by Type V (20.8%) and Type III (17.8%). Anatomical parameters of main-type PMCIs were as follows: hard-tissue length = 15.76 ± 0.89 mm; pulp chamber and canal length = 12.94 ± 1.15 mm; and apical labial curvature angle was 22.57°. Statistical analysis indicated no differences between left and right, and no sex-related differences (p > 0.05). Statistically significant differences between the main-type and other variants were noted for several pulp-chamber and canal measurements (p < 0.05), but not for hard-tissue measurements (p > 0.05). An average main-type model was constructed; its inner and outer profiles conformed to the general characteristics of main-type PMCIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PMCI canal variations were more complex than previously recognised, with uniform hard-tissue anatomy. Furthermore, an average main-type model was constructed, as a potentially valuable tool for dental education.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144201308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence model for application in dental traumatology.","authors":"T Bani-Hani, M Wedyan, R Al-Fodeh, R Shuqeir, S Al Jundi, N Tewari","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01063-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01063-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, healthcare systems have witnessed a tremendous advancement in diagnostic tools and technologies. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled a paradigm shift in the practice of health sciences particularly in medicine. In the dental field, AI has been scarcely used in the various disciplines with no application in dental traumatology. This study proposes a deep-learning, convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based model for detection and classification of dental fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plain periapical radiographs of injured teeth were retrieved from patients' records and annotated by two dentists trained in dental traumatology. The teeth were categorised into four groups: uncomplicated crown fractures, complicated crown fractures, crown-root fractures and root fractures. Data augmentation was done to enhance the power of the current dataset. Images were divided into training (80%) and test (20%) datasets. Python programming language was used to implement the CNN-based classification model. Cross validation was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 72 plain periapical radiographs of 108 fractured teeth were collected. The model achieved high accuracy in differentiating uncomplicated crown fractures from complicated ones (96.0%), from crown-root fractures (99.1%) and from root fractures (98.7%). Furthermore, the complicated injuries were distinguished from crown-root fractures and from root fractures with accuracy levels at 96.3% and 97.2% respectively. The model's overall accuracy in  recognising the four classes was 78.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed model showed excellent performance in the classification of dental fractures. The application of AI in paediatric dentistry, particularly in the field of dental trauma, is innovative and highly relevant to current trends in healthcare technology. Expansion of the current model to a larger dataset that includes the various types of injuries is recommended in future research. Such models can be a great asset for the less-experienced dentists in making accurate diagnosis and timely decisions. Future models employing panoramic radiographs could also help the medical practitioners at emergency services.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proteomics approach to understand the hypomineralisation of second primary molars (HSPM). In-vitro study.","authors":"A Singh, A Goyal, M Luthra-Guptasarma, A Kapur, M Jaiswal, S Madan","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01032-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01032-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was a proteomic investigation of test enamel of HSPM vs the control enamel of Second Primary Molars, to gain an insight into the possible mechanism of pathogenesis of hypomineralisation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Enamel sample blocks were sectioned and processed for label-free quantitation of proteins by LC-MS/MS, followed by bioinformatics analyses of differentially expressed proteins (DEP); two DEPs were validated by western/dot blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant elevation of total number of proteins in the HSPM samples as compared to the control enamel. A significant elevation of proteins such as protein LEG1 homolog, Odontogenesis-associated phosphoprotein, Leucocyte elastase inhibitor, Olfactomedin-like protein 3 and albumin were observed in HSPM-affected enamel, along with upregulation of calcium-binding proteins and immunoglobulins. Evaluation of signalling pathways contributed by the upregulated proteins in HSPM enamel samples was suggestive of increased levels of different components of the immune (defence) system such as raised antibodies (immunoglobulins level), complement coagulation cascade activation, neutrophil and platelet degranulation as well as defence response to bacteria/ fungus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study results suggest the possibility of an underlying infectious/inflammatory aetiology responsible for hypomineralisation of primary enamel in these patients. Such a proteomics approach is useful to guide preventive interventions for HSPM.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective anaesthesia when treating teeth affected by molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH): a systematic review.","authors":"Miniar Rhaiem, Marwa Chatti, Yamina Elelmi, Aymen Ben Haj Khalifa, Fatma Masmoudi, Ahlem Baaziz","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01057-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01057-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the present review was to critically evaluate recent studies to determine the optimal combination of anaesthetic technique and agent for achieving effective anaesthesia in molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) patients, thereby addressing a significant need in evidence-based clinical practice. The search question was: What is the most effective modality of anaesthesia to reduce hypersensitivity in MIH-affected teeth in children?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted using four databases, namely, MEDLINE via PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), using a selection of MeSH terms. The \"Modified Jadad Scale\" and the \"Newcastle Ottawa Scale\" were used for the methodology assessment of the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 134 articles identified in the initial search, six articles met all the inclusion criteria. The results showed that intraosseous anaesthesia with 4% articaine demonstrated the highest efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Achieving complete anaesthesia in teeth affected by MIH enhances comfort for both patients and practitioners, contributing to improved treatment quality. Intraosseous anaesthesia with 4% articaine and epinephrine has proven effective in reducing pain and hypersensitivity in pediatric patients with MIH. However, further studies are needed in this population to draw definitive conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does breastfeeding increase the risk of early childhood caries (ECC)? A systematic review.","authors":"F Alexaki, M Kostopoulou, K Koleventi, N N Lygidakis","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01051-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01051-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review the current evidence on the association of breastfeeding during the first years of life with the development of Early Childhood Caries (ECC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review of literature was conducted in June 2019 and again in March 2024 at the following Databases: Pub Med, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, for studies reporting on children aged up to 71 months investigating breastfeeding duration/cessation and presence of caries at the examination. Prospective Cohort studies were included in the review. The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA statement guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4894 papers identified, the data extraction protocol led to 8 studies for further review. Assessment of Risk of Bias was made using the ROBINS-E tool. Six studies were characterized as high risk of bias, one characterized with some concerns and one with low risk of bias. Breastfeeding for 6-12 months has a protective effect against ECC. There is no association between breastfeeding and ECC for the ages 12-24 months; however, depending on the frequency or when combined with increased sugar consumption, it can have an impact on dental caries prevalence. Beyond 24 months, breastfeeding was associated with increased ECC prevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the studies included in this review and within their limitations, breastfeeding up to 2 years of age does not increase ECC risk, but after 2 years of age breastfeeding is associated with increased risk of ECC.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>The protocol for this systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020179773).</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dental caries, family cohesion, and orofacial dysfunction in children aged 8 to 10 with possible sleep bruxism: pathway analysis.","authors":"T R Leal, L J Serafim de Araújo, M de França Perazzo, É T Barbosa Neves, F R Ortiz, M C Gomes, A F Granville-Garcia","doi":"10.1007/s40368-025-01059-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-025-01059-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to explore the association of dental caries, family cohesion, and orofacial dysfunction in children 8-10 years of age with sleep bruxism. A school-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted involving 739 school children in a medium-sized city in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The parents/guardians answered a socioeconomic questionnaire and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Assessment Scale (FACES III). The children reported whether they had experienced bullying in the previous 30 days. The diagnosis of possible sleep bruxism (PSB) was based on the reports of parents/guardians. Four trained examiners (Kappa > 0.80) diagnosed cavitated carious lesions using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System and administered the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening to investigate orofacial dysfunction. Data analysis involved structural equation modelling. The direct and indirect associations between the variables of the theoretical model were determined through the calculation of standardised coefficients and goodness-of-fit indices.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The cavitated lesions (path coefficient [PC]: -0.23; p < 0.01) and family cohesion (PC: 0.13; p < 0.01) exerted a direct influence on the prevalence of PSB. Family income exerted an indirect influence on PSB, exerting a direct influence on cavitated lesions (PC: 0.24; p < 0.01) and family cohesion (PC: 0.217; p < 0.01). Bullying and orofacial dysfunction were not significantly associated with PSB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, cavitated carious lesions and low family cohesion exerted a direct influence on the occurrence of PSB. Family income had an indirect effect, whilst bullying and orofacial dysfunction had no influence on the outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":520615,"journal":{"name":"European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}