Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease Burden in Six Different Dietary Regions and Worldwide.","authors":"Keyu Ren, Yuchen Cong, Yanchun Jin, Tingting Zhou, Xiaona Pan, Bin Cao, Linlin Ren, Linlin Chen, Hongyun Wei","doi":"10.1159/000550714","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In recent years, diet has gained increasing attention as a modifiable risk factor of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to assess the potential impacts of global dietary changes on IBD prevalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on IBD from 1999 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study for global and region-specific dietary patterns. To quantify temporal patterns and assess trends in age-standardized rates of IBD prevalence, incidence, mortality, and years lived with disability, we computed disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost over the study period. Joinpoint software was used to analyze the average annual percent change and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. R statistical package (version 4.3.2) was used for statistical analyses and plot illustrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of IBD globally and in six different dietary regions has increased annually from 1999 to 2021. Among these regions, the Mediterranean and African regions had the lowest incidence, whereas regions with a Western diet exhibited a higher incidence. The most common age of onset is between 50 and 69 years, while the highest mortality rate was observed in individuals aged 70 and above. A minimal difference in incidence was observed between males and females; however, the mortality rate, prevalence, and DALYs were higher in males than in females both globally and across the six dietary regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We elucidated how various dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of IBD and highlight future research directions in this evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"156-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do \"Developing\" Countries Become \"Developed\"? Lessons from <italic>Helicobacter pylori</italic> Infection Recurrence Rate after Eradication.","authors":"Yaron Niv","doi":"10.1159/000551838","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The World Bank classified \"developing countries\" as all 135 countries with low- or middle-income economies, whose 6.7 billion people represent 84% of the world's population. Other parameters, such as household crowding, poor sanitation, reduced income, limited education, and unsafe drinking water, are often used to refine this definition. A wide range of prevalence, from 18.9% in Switzerland to 87.7% in Nigeria, is reported, and the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and socioeconomic status is well established. After successful eradication, infection can recur due to recrudescence or reinfection.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>We compared the results of our two meta-analyses from 2008 to 2024, demonstrating the recurrence rates in developing versus developed countries. We also looked at the continuous change over time in the recurrence rate of H. pylori after a successful eradication in developing countries. We found that the disparity between \"developed\" and \"developing\" countries in the recurrence of H. pylori infection has disappeared, following a continuous decrease in recurrence rates of H. pylori in developing countries.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>We assume that H. pylori recurrence may be a marker for the socioeconomic state, and our results point toward a process in which \"developing\" countries advance toward becoming \"developed.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"338-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity Is Inversely Associated with Clinical Exacerbation in Patients with Crohn's Disease in Remission: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Chen Sarbagili-Shabat, Shira Zelber-Sagi, Naomi Fliss Isakov, Ayal Hirsch, Yulia Ron, Laura Sol Grinshpan, Nathaniel Aviv Cohen, Haim Leibovitzh, Tamar Thurm, Nitsan Maharshak","doi":"10.1159/000550048","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is associated with improved quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). However, evidence of its impact on the clinical course of the disease remains limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between PA and relapse incidence in patients with CD in clinical remission and its association with patient-reported outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study of adult patients with CD in clinical remission was followed-up for 1 year or until relapse. At baseline, participants completed PA and nutritional questionnaires, and a patient-reported outcomes measurement information system. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association between PA and relapse risk, adjusted for confounders including fecal calprotectin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 106 patients (mean age 37.9 ± 13.9 years) were followed-up for 9.9 ± 3.2 months, during which 23 (21.7%) experienced clinical relapse. PA at least twice a week was associated with a lower risk of relapse (HR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09-0.79). Specifically, only aerobic activity was significantly associated with a reduced risk of relapse (HR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.95). High-resistance PA was significantly associated with better quality of life parameters, including pain interference (p = 0.013), sleep disturbance (p = 0.040), physical function (p = 0.029), and social roles (p = 0.020), while aerobic PA showed benefit in physical function (p = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PA in general, and specifically aerobic PA, is associated with a lower risk of relapse in patients with CD in remission, while resistance PA is associated with a better quality of life. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating PA into CD management in remission state. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Population-Based Cohort Study of Sex-Specific Associations.","authors":"Sang Un Kim, Su Youn Nam, Junwoo Jo, Hyun Seok Lee, Seong Woo Jeon","doi":"10.1159/000549579","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Risk factors for rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have rarely been reported in large-scale cohort studies, although previous cross-sectional research has reported some associations. We aimed to clarify the sex-specific contributing factors for rectal NETs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-based cohort study, including individuals without previously diagnosed cancer and NETs who underwent national health examinations and cancer screenings in 2010, with follow-up until 2017.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5.521 million, 2,342 patients with rectal NETs were identified. In the adjusted analysis, male sex (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-1.43), current smokers (aHR 1.15), past smokers (aHR 1.16), and obesity (aHR 1.50; 95% CI: 1.03-2.20) were significantly associated with elevated risk of rectal NETs. Frequent alcohol consumption was linked to rectal NETs in a dose-response relationship (aHR 1.37 for 1/week, 1.49 for 2-3/week, and 1.56 for 4-5/week). In men, current smokers, frequent alcohol intake, and obesity (HR 2.63; 95% CI: 1.44-4.80) were associated with elevated risk of NETs, while waist circumference also showed a significant trend (p for trend < 0.001). In women, past smokers (aHR 1.76) and alcohol intake were associated with rectal NETs. Younger age was a risk determinant in both men and women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Younger age, smoking, and frequent alcohol intake were associated with increased rectal NET risk in both sexes. Obesity conferred a strong excess risk only in men but not in women. Due to observational study, causality cannot be inferred. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"50-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12705081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the Gut Microbiota and Depression in Asian Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mai Ngoc Luu, Nhu Thi Hanh Vu, Duc Trong Quach","doi":"10.1159/000551085","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Depression is a major global health concern. Emerging evidence implicates the role of the gut-brain axis in the depression pathogenesis. However, the gut microbiota-depression association remains underinvestigated in Asian populations, where dietary habits, genetics, and environmental exposures differ from Western settings. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the association between gut microbiota and depression among Asians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane) were searched through December 25, 2024. Observational studies comparing gut microbiota via sequencing in Asian individuals with depression versus healthy controls (HCs) were included. Data on α and β diversity and taxon-level differences were extracted. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were computed for alpha diversity. Beta diversity and taxonomic findings were summarized narratively due to methodological heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,557 records screened, 20 studies with 3,380 participants (1,298 depressed, 2,082 HCs) met inclusion criteria. Eighteen studies evaluated alpha diversity. A small but significant reduction in the Shannon index was detected among depressed individuals (SMD = -0.11; 95% CI: -0.19 to -0.02; p = 0.02), whereas other indices (Chao1, Simpson, ACE) revealed no significant differences. Among 16 studies examining beta diversity, 13 reported significant compositional differences. Phylum-level analysis consistently revealed increased Actinobacteria in depression, with variable trends in Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. Family-level trends included elevated Bifidobacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and reduced Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Veillonellaceae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gut dysbiosis is associated with depression in Asian populations, reflecting reduced beneficial taxa and increased proinflammatory microbes, with implications for microbial biomarkers and therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"321-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Portal Vein Velocity after Liver Transplantation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Is a Risk Factor for Hepatic Artery Thrombosis.","authors":"Zongli Fu, Hanyuan Zhang, Hanyu Wang, Qian Jian, Xuzi Zhang, Yi Ma","doi":"10.1159/000552047","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To explore the relationship among portal vein velocity (PVV) on the first postoperative day after liver transplantation, the occurrence of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT), and 90-day mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 84 patients' clinical records were retrospectively analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was employed. According to the optimal cutoff value, 84 patients were separated into the high PVV group and the normal PVV group. Fisher's exact test compared the occurrence of HAT and the 90-day mortality. The risk factors of HAT were analyzed by logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HAT was documented in 8 (9.5%) patients of the high PVV group and no patient in the normal PVV group, p < 0.001. During the 90 days after surgery, 6(7.1%) deaths occurred in the high PVV group, and 1(1.2%) death occurred in the normal PVV group, p = 0.019. PVV ≥51.2 cm/s on the first postoperative day constitutes an independent risk factor for HAT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PVV ≥51.2 cm/s on the first postoperative day in HCC constitutes an independent risk factor for HAT, associated with high 90-day mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"307-312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147795204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Evidence to Incorporate Novel Impedance Metrics into Clinical Practice.","authors":"Luisa Bertin, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino","doi":"10.1159/000551357","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"356-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13160498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147477380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood-Based Circulating Tumor DNA for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yashaswi Guntupalli, Rithish Nimmagadda, Vineeth Potluri, Sameer Kumar Majety, Tejaswi Mangalagiri, Ananya Yendluri, Madhav Changela, Meghana Kakarla, Omar Oudit, Muhammad Hasan","doi":"10.1159/000551806","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assays are emerging as promising noninvasive tools for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. This updated systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of blood-based ctDNA assays for early CRC detection in asymptomatic adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included prospective and cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy studies comparing ctDNA assays (mutation, methylation, or fragment-based) against colonoscopy or histopathology. Study-level 2 × 2 data were extracted to calculate sensitivity and specificity. Pooled estimates were derived using a Reitsma bivariate random-effects model. Secondary measures like diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR, NLR), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were synthesized on transformed scales and back-transformed for reporting. Subgroup analyses by assay type and meta-regression explored heterogeneity. Risk of bias was assessed with QUADAS-2 and certainty of evidence with GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies met inclusion criteria, nine contributing to pooled estimates. The pooled sensitivity was 0.887 (95% CI, 0.848-0.920) and specificity 0.913 (95% CI, 0.898-0.928). A sensitivity analysis excluding studies with high risk of bias in patient selection yielded a comparable pooled sensitivity of 0.857 (95% CI, 0.794-0.904) and specificity of 0.900 (95% CI, 0.897-0.904). The SROC curve yielded an AUC of 0.97, indicating excellent discrimination. Secondary pooled metrics included a DOR of 83.9, PLR of 9.2, and NLR of 0.12. PPV was low (<20%), but NPV remained high (>99%) at screening prevalences of 0.5-2%. Subgroup analyses by assay type revealed no significant differences in diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Blood-based ctDNA assays show high pooled sensitivity, specificity, and discrimination for CRC detection, but limited predictive value at screening prevalence and study heterogeneity constrain clinical adoption. Large, standardized, population-based studies are warranted. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"280-297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147583458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasopharyngeal Methicillin-Resistant <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> Carriage and Risk of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy-Related Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Islam Mohamed, Samuel Kim, Mira Bhatia, Samiya Azim, Robert Zhang, Mira Malavia, Olivia Sappington, Hazem Abosheaishaa, Dushyant Singh Dahiya, Syed Hammad Rahman, Omar T Ahmed, Nikki Duong, Asim Shuja","doi":"10.1159/000550720","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Enteral feeding via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is commonly used for patients requiring long-term nutritional support. However, PEG insertion carries a risk of infection, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) peristomal infections. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between MRSA colonization and the risk of PEG-related infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in four major databases - Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Scopus - focusing on studies reporting MRSA colonization and PEG-related infections. Data were analyzed using RevMan v5.3. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes using a random-effects model. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies encompassing 286 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Among them, 77 patients were nasopharyngeal MRSA-positive, and 209 were MRSA-negative. MRSA colonization was significantly associated with an increased risk of PEG-related peristomal infection (OR: 24.31; 95% CI: 5.20-113.65; p < 0.0001). Moderate heterogeneity was observed among studies (I2 = 69%, p = 0.01), likely reflecting differences in study design and infection definition; however, the overall association remained statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nasopharyngeal MRSA colonization is strongly associated with a higher risk of PEG-site infection. These findings highlight the importance of MRSA screening and consideration of colonization status prior to PEG tube insertion. Enhanced infection control strategies should be implemented in MRSA-positive patients to reduce the risk of complications. However, given the limited number of included studies (n = 5; 286 patients), these conclusions should be interpreted with caution. Larger, well-designed studies are needed to validate these associations and identify the most effective preventive measures for MRSA-colonized individuals undergoing PEG placement. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"206-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13030897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Fecal Microbiota Transfer in Patients with Recurrent Clostridioides Difficile Infection: Real-World Data from a Single Center in Switzerland.","authors":"Naomi E van der Sligte, Luc Biedermann, Gerhard Rogler, Michael Scharl","doi":"10.1159/000550886","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Clostridioides difficile is the most frequently reported healthcare-associated infection with around 125'000 occurrences and 3'700 deaths annually in Europe. Recurrence rates are about 20% and risk factors include age >65 years and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) has emerged as a highly effective treatment for recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI), being successful in more than 90% of patients. This retrospective single-center study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of FMT in patients with rCDI at the University Hospital Zurich.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2012 and 2022, 84 patients underwent FMT for rCDI at our center, of which 83 were included in the final analysis. The median patient age was 71 years (22-97 years), and the majority of patients were female (67.5%). All patients had received multiple prior courses of antibiotic treatment for C. difficile infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The success rate following a single FMT was 92.8%, increasing to 97.6% with repeated procedures. Those rates were comparable in the IBD subgroup. FMT was well tolerated. Mild adverse events were reported in 14.5% of patients, most commonly reported adverse event being ongoing IBD activity (33.3%), and diarrhea (33.3%) followed by abdominal pain (25%). Serious adverse events occurred in 3.6% of patients mainly related to underlying conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study confirms that FMT is a highly effective and well-tolerated treatment for rCDI, even in older patients with comorbidities. Importantly, FMT was successfully implemented without the use of a national stool bank, instead relying on locally processed related donor stool, highlighting its feasibility in resource-limited settings. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"225-234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13043127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}