Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Adults with Budd-Chiari Syndrome: A Single-Center Experience in Colombia.","authors":"Ximena Morales-Cruz, Carolina Salinas, Geovanny Hernández-Cely, Cristina Torres, Martin Garzón, Rocio Lopez-Panqueva, Juan Manuel Pérez, Felipe Durán-Torres, Adriana Varón, Oscar Beltrán","doi":"10.1159/000547006","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Budd-Chiari syndrome is defined as the obstruction of hepatic venous flow. Limited evidence exists in Colombia regarding the characterization of these patients. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, management, and survival of patients diagnosed with Budd-Chiari syndrome in a Colombian hepatology referral center from 2010 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive retrospective longitudinal study of a cohort of patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome in adult patients diagnosed with Budd-Chiari syndrome in a Colombian hepatology center from January 2010 to January 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>31 patients diagnosed with Budd-Chiari syndrome were included. Of the patients, 61.3% (n = 19) were female. The median age was 28 years [interquartile range (IQR) 23-38]. Acquired thrombophilias were the main risk factor (58.1%, n = 18), mainly secondary to antiphospholipid syndrome (55.5%, n = 10). The primary clinical manifestation presented was ascites 87.1% (n = 27). At diagnosis, 74.2% (n = 23) were in a chronic course, and 5 patients had cirrhosis documented by biopsy. The Rotterdam score was class II (intermediate prognosis) in 48.3% (n = 14). Of the patients, 86% (n = 25) had anticoagulation therapy. Five patients (16.1%) underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Eleven patients died (35.5%), with a median survival time from diagnosis to death of 337.1 days (IQR 46.5-647.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Budd-Chiari syndrome is a poorly characterized disease in the Colombian population. This study shows that acquired thrombophilias are the leading risk factor associated with this medical condition in this population, with clinical features and mortality rates similar to those reported in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"185-191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<italic>Helicobacter pylori</italic> Infection as a High-Risk Factor for Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jifeng Jin, Liju Wang, Xingchen Tao","doi":"10.1159/000550759","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the potential association between Helicobacter pylori infection and an increased risk of preeclampsia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Medline, Ovid, Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science databases were searched, and observational studies were identified from the database established up to September 2022. All included studies compared the association between H. pylori infection and preeclampsia, and the incidence of anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA antibody, anti-cytotoxin-associated gene A (anti-CagA) antibodies, and H. pylori stool antigen (HPSA) were assessed in patients with preeclampsia. Review Manager and SATA software were conducted for statistical analysis and forest plots. Dichotomous variables were measured by odds ratio (OR) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Finally, a total of 15 studies were included with 10,029 perinatal women. Compared to healthy controls, patients with preeclampsia had significantly higher serum anti-H. pylori IgG antibody positivity (OR 2.91, p < 0.00001), serum anti-CagA antibody positivity (OR 4.74, p < 0.00001), and HPSA positivity (OR 5.42, p < 0.00001). In addition, the rate of positive serum anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies was also significantly higher in patients with intrauterine growth restriction in preeclampsia (OR 3.14, p < 0.00001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>H. pylori infection is a high-risk factor for the development of preeclampsia. It is unclear whether the association between the severity of disease and H. pylori infection. More high-quality clinical epidemiological studies are needed to provide evidence regarding the benefit of H. pylori eradication in pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"129-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet for the Treatment of Crohn's Disease in the Older-Adult Population: Real-World Experience.","authors":"Yuval Meir, Haim Leibovitzh, Daniel Shaham, Ayal Hirsch, Nathaniel Aviv Cohen, Tamar Thurm, Yulia Ron, Ahuva Brumberg, Ronit Inbar, Nitsan Maharshak","doi":"10.1159/000548931","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: The management of Crohn's disease (CD) in older-adult patients is challenging due to age-related immune decline, comorbidities, and the excessive risk of adverse effects from pharmacological treatments. The Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED) has shown promise in treating younger populations, but its effectiveness in older-adults remains understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the CDED effectiveness in older-adults with CD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective cohort study, including patients over 60 years old with CD who initiated CDED between 2018 and 2024. Patients were categorized based on baseline disease clinical activity using the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI). Clinical and biochemical outcomes (fecal calprotectin [FCAL] and C-reactive protein) were assessed over a 24-week follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 40 patients, 70% females, mean age of 69.2 ± 7.6 years, and mean Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 3.37 ± 1.4. Most of the patients (85%) initiated the CDED in phase 1. At baseline, 60% were in clinical remission and 40% had active disease. Patients with active disease demonstrated a significant clinical (HBI) improvement at week 6 which was sustained throughout week 12 (p < 0.05), while patients in remission maintained stable HBI. A Significant decrease in FCAL was observed at week 12 (p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CDED appears to be an effective dietary intervention for managing CD in older-adults, offering potential benefits both in treating active disease and maintaining clinical remission. This diet could serve as an alternative or adjunct approach to pharmacological therapies, particularly for patients with mild disease or those at risk of adverse effects from advanced treatments. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12707889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145338513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Esomeprazole-Containing Regimens for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Eradication: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.","authors":"Mohamed Alboraie, Hatem Elalfy, Mohamed M Mabrouk, Sameh A Lashen, Marwan Elgohary, Ossama Ashraf Ahmed, Mohamed Abdelmalek, Tamer Haydara, Mina Tharwat, Mohammad Aamr, Sherief Abdel-Salam, Omar Ashoush, Nermeen Abdeen, Mohamed Abdelghani, Sally Waheed Elkhadry, Mohamed Malak, Ahmed Abdelaziz, Essam Aly Hassan, Ahmed Bahaa, Mohammed Tag-Adeen","doi":"10.1159/000551339","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Helicobacter pylori is a major global health challenge, causing significant gastrointestinal diseases and contributing to gastric cancer risk. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of esomeprazole-containing regimens for H. pylori eradication in treatment-naïve and previously treated patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter cohort study included 2,530 patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection. Patients received one of five esomeprazole-containing regimens for 14 days. Eradication was assessed 4-6 weeks post-treatment using stool antigen tests, urea breath tests, or histopathology. Analyses included intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP). Demographics, socioeconomic status, prior treatment history, adverse events, and eradication rates were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,530 enrolled, 2,489 were analyzed per protocol. The overall eradication rate was 87.3% (ITT) and 88.7% (PP). Treatment-naïve patients achieved higher eradication rates (89.7%) compared with previously treated patients (85.2%, p = 0.003). Bismuth subcitrate-based (96.5% PP in naïve; 86.7% in experienced) and doxycycline-based regimens (92.3% PP in naïve; 84.3% in experienced) demonstrated the highest efficacy. Adverse events occurred in 34.9% of patients, with no severe events. Socioeconomic status influenced outcomes, with eradication rates of 90.8% in high, 89.4% in middle, and 80.0% in low SES groups (p = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Esomeprazole-containing regimens are effective and well tolerated for H. pylori eradication. Bismuth- and doxycycline-based quadruple therapies achieved the highest eradication rates, particularly in treatment-naïve patients. Tailored strategies incorporating bismuth or quadruple therapy may benefit patients with prior treatment failures or from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Further research should consider regional resistance patterns and prospective designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"260-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota and Chemotherapy-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity: Mechanisms and Intervention Strategies.","authors":"Wei Peng, Xinxin Fan, Hongrui Shi, Yixuan Jiang, Liang Fan, Yan Xing, Yuzan Peng, Yuling He, Wei Zou, Mei Jiang","doi":"10.1159/000548922","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy serves as a cornerstone of cancer treatment, providing significant benefits in tumor control and survival. However, its therapeutic efficacy is often compromised by gastrointestinal toxicity, which impairs quality of life and may necessitate treatment modifications. Disruption of the gut microbiota has been recognized as a key factor in the development of these toxicities.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review synthesizes evidence on how chemotherapeutic agents disrupt gut microbial balance and exacerbate gastrointestinal toxicity through epithelial barrier damage, inflammatory activation, and metabolic disturbance. It also examines diverse interventions, including dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, traditional herbal medicines, and fecal microbiota transplantation, that aim to restore microbial homeostasis and reduce gastrointestinal injury.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review provides a symptom-oriented framework linking specific clinical manifestations of chemotherapy-related gastrointestinal toxicity with underlying microbial alterations. It further integrates emerging evidence across nutritional, microbial, and herbal approaches, emphasizing shared therapeutic pathways and highlighting prospects for personalized microbiota-based strategies to improve treatment tolerance and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"99-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Prokinetic Agents with or without Nasogastric Lavage for Improving Endoscopic Visualization in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Laith Altawil, Mohammad Al Hayek, Mohamedhen Vall Nounou, Ammar Dawwa, Osama Barakat, Bisher Sawaf, Abdusalam A Alarabei, Omar Khasawneh, Mohamed R Ezz, Tugba Saka, Mulham Alom, Muhammed Elhadi, Yaseen Alastal","doi":"10.1159/000551800","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common emergency where poor endoscopic visualization due to retained blood and clots hampers diagnosis and therapy. Prokinetic agents and nasogastric (NG) lavage are used to improve visualization, but their comparative effectiveness remains unclear. This study evaluated the comparative efficacy of prokinetics - with or without NG lavage - versus NG lavage alone, prokinetics alone, or placebo in improving endoscopic visualization in UGIB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of five databases up to April 2025 identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing erythromycin, metoclopramide, NG lavage, or combinations against placebo. Network meta-analysis using a frequentist random-effects model assessed the primary outcome of adequate visualization. Secondary outcomes included visualization score, endoscopy duration, and blood transfusion units within 24 h. Risk ratios (RRs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated. Treatments were ranked using Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking curve (SUCRA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10 RCTs (1,083 patients) were included: erythromycin (n = 226), erythromycin+NG lavage (n = 186), metoclopramide (n = 34), metoclopramide+NG lavage (n = 143), NG lavage alone (n = 333), and placebo (n = 161). Erythromycin + NG lavage ranked highest for adequate visualization (RR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.57-3.95; SUCRA: 92%), followed by erythromycin (RR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.56-3.21) and NG lavage (RR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.06-2.73). Erythromycin improved visualization score (SMD: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.36-1.36; SUCRA: 73%). No significant differences were found for endoscopy duration or transfusion units.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Erythromycin, particularly when combined with NG lavage, appears most effective for improving endoscopic visualization in UGIB. However, this procedural benefit did not translate into reductions in endoscopy duration or 24-h transfusion requirements, and the impact on other patient-centered outcomes remains uncertain. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"342-355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13258244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147583507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Anti-<italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</italic> Antibody Is Associated with Disease Severity in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.","authors":"Niv Zmora, Lian Bannon, Roie Tzadok, Noy Nachmias, Haim Leibovitzh, Ehud Zigmond","doi":"10.1159/000552341","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic liver disease accompanying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA) is a serological marker associated with aggressive IBD phenotype. Data on the association between ASCA and liver outcomes remain elusive. We aimed to explore whether ASCA seropositivity is associated with liver disease severity in people living with PSC-IBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study on adult patients with PSC-IBD at a tertiary center, between 2010 and 2023. Medical records were reviewed for demographics, clinical, and laboratory data. Severity of liver disease was assessed using the Amsterdam-Oxford prognostic model (AOM) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), assessed by vibration-controlled transient elastography (FibroScan®).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort comprised of 58 subjects with PSC-IBD and an available ASCA result. Thirty patients were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 28 with Crohn's disease (CD). Six of 30 (20%) patients with UC and 14 of 28 patients (50%) with CD had positive ASCA. In a univariate analysis, AOM (p = 0.021) and LSM (p = 0.018) were significantly higher in those positive for ASCA. In a multivariable model, ASCA positivity remained significantly associated with higher AOM score (p = 0.026) and a higher LSM (p = 0.036), even after adjustment for IBD subtype and disease duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In subjects with IBD with concomitant PSC, the presence of serum ASCA is associated with increased liver stiffness and AOM score, well-known markers for disease severity and reduced transplant-free survival. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and to explore the biological mechanism underlying this association. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"313-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13331464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophilic Esophagitis as a Complex Th2 Inflammatory Disease: Results of a Prospective Long-Term Study in Children.","authors":"Sabrina Degen, Theresa Hironimus, Tobias Rechenauer, Christoph Ehrsam, Anja Rabe, Adrian Regensburger, Aline Rückel, Arndt Hartmann, Ralf Rieker, Joachim Woelfle, Anja Rappl, André Hoerning","doi":"10.1159/000549092","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: While the eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has become the second most common disease entity causing esophageal dysfunction, there is currently a lack of data reporting on pediatric EoE from Germany. This monocentric longitudinal study seeks to fill this gap by investigating treatment success, atopic co-morbidities, and potential blood parameters in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data on children with EoE (n = 50), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD, n = 13), and controls (n = 5). Evaluated characteristics included clinical manifestations, atopy, and treatment success during disease progress. We defined the primary endpoint as histological remission in all esophageal locations (proximal, mid, distal). Secondary endpoints were histological-clinical, histological-endoscopic, and histological-clinical-endoscopic remission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 50 patients (0.5-16.9 years), 26% (n = 13) responded to proton-pump inhibitors (PPI-R) and 74% (n = 37) needed other forms of treatment (PPI-NR). Atopic co-morbidities were observed in 46% (PPI-NR) and 23% (PPI-R). Primary PPI treatment resulted in histological remission in 13 patients (median: 2 [2;4.5] months); only one (8%) achieved complete endoscopic-clinical-histological remission. Thirty-two PPI-NRs (84%) reached histological remission after a median of 7 [4;11] months, but only eleven (34%) acquired complete histological-clinical-endoscopic remission. Absolute blood eosinophil count (AEC) was increased within active EoE (420 [250;550] cells/µL). It distinguished EoE from controls (cutoff 90 cells/µL, sensitivity/specificity: 95.7%/80%) and from GERD (180 cells/µL, 87.5%/66.7%). Eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) differed between children with active EoE and controls (10 µg/L, 86.7%/100%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients' characteristics are comparable to those from other European countries. AEC and ECP were increased in EoE patients. Achieving complete remission required an intensified therapy regime. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"12-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12700584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145472665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Panagiotis G Doukas, Sotirios G Doukas, Arkady Broder","doi":"10.1159/000548568","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite advances in pharmaceuticals, managing ulcerative colitis (UC) remains challenging. Interest in fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for UC is growing, but varying formulations and endpoints in trials complicate safety and efficacy assessment. This systematic review and meta-analysis offer a validated, up-to-date overview of FMT's efficacy and safety in UC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched four electronic databases and analyzed only randomized clinical trials that investigated the clinical and endoscopic efficacy of FMT in UC, regardless of administration route or dose. Clinical and endoscopic remission was assessed by comparing the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search yielded 6,737 studies with 15 meeting inclusion criteria after duplicate removal and screening. The meta-analysis showed clinical remission in 62% receiving FMT vs. 50.5% in controls (OR 2.65; 1.76, 4.00). The endoscopic response was 42% in the FMT group vs. 22% in controls (OR 2.00; 1.09; 3.68). Heterogeneity was assessed as low (by I2 index and τ2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data show that FMT significantly improves clinical and endoscopic remission rates, offering a promising nonpharmacological option for UC patients unresponsive to conventional treatments. Further prospective studies are needed to optimize the formulation, dosing, while also address the safety profile of FMT in UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"85-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Hepatitis B e Antigen Clearance Rates between Tenofovir Alafenamide and Entecavir in Treatment-Naive Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients over 48-96 Weeks: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yuliang Zhang, Xin Wan, Shipeng Ma, Liang Wang, Qian Liu, Yulun Tang, Lajpat Rai Malhi, Shanfei Ge","doi":"10.1159/000550770","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550770","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction and objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) clearance is a critical event for predicting long-term prognosis. However, direct comparative data on HBeAg clearance between tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and entecavir (ETV) are limited, especially for the mid-term (48-96 weeks) in real-world settings. This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare HBeAg clearance rates at 48 and 96 weeks in treatment-naïve, HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving TAF versus ETV therapy and to identify factors associated with HBeAg clearance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Patients and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective cohort study was conducted on HBeAg-positive CHB patients who initiated TAF or ETV therapy between June 2020 and October 2024. Patients were assessed at baseline, week 48, and week 96. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics between the groups. The HBeAg clearance rate at 96 weeks was analyzed using intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. Multivariate Cox regression identified factors associated with HBeAg clearance. Kaplan-Meier analysis compared cumulative clearance rates, and generalized estimating equations assessed HBeAg dynamics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of 425 initially screened HBeAg-positive CHB patients, 251 were included in the 48-week analysis (ETV: 119; TAF: 132) and 101 in the 96-week analysis (ETV: 41; TAF: 60). A 1:1 PSM created balanced groups of 77 patients each for the 48-week comparison. At 48 weeks, the HBeAg clearance rate was significantly higher in the TAF group than in the ETV group: 22.1% versus 6.5% (χ2 = 7.636, p = 0.006); at 96 weeks, the HBeAg clearance rate in the intention-to-treat analysis was 27.3% (21/77) in the TAF group versus 12.99% (10/77) in the ETV group (p = 0.027); both groups showed reduced HBeAg levels from baseline. However, the TAF group had significantly lower levels at week 48 than the ETV group (ETV: 7.94 [0.85∼179.66] vs. TAF: 4.60 [0.20∼70.51]; p = 0.025). The reduction in HBeAg was also greater in the TAF group (ETV: -82.10 [-189.65, -5.99] vs. TAF: -149.77 [-267.46, -15.17]; p = 0.041). For the 96-week analysis, 1:2 PSM yielded 66 matched patients (ETV: 24, TAF: 42). The HBeAg clearance rate was significantly higher in the TAF group (13/42, 31.0%) than in the ETV group (2/24, 8.3%) (χ2 = 4.450, p = 0.035). At week 96, qHBeAg levels were significantly lower in the TAF group (2.85 [0.33∼33.38]) than in the ETV group (57.35 [4.78∼257.45]) (p = 0.001). The TAF group also showed a greater magnitude of reduction from baseline (ETV: -81.66 [-170.58 ∼ -1.13] vs. TAF: -260.66 [-398.15 ∼ -50.31], p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate Cox analysis identified TAF treatment (vs. ETV) (HR = 6.37, 95% CI: 2.10-19.26, p = 0.001), baseline anti-HBe positivity (HR = 3.87, 95% CI: 1.40-10.67, p = 0.009), and baseline qHBeAg (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.44-0.95, p = 0.025) as independent predictors of HBeAg clearance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;For HBeAg-","PeriodicalId":520605,"journal":{"name":"Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"173-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}