Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical significance of liver function abnormalities in patients with acute heart failure.","authors":"Klaudia Vyskocilova,&nbsp;Lenka Spinarova,&nbsp;Jindrich Spinar,&nbsp;Tereza Mikusova,&nbsp;Jiri Vitovec,&nbsp;Josef Malek,&nbsp;Filip Malek,&nbsp;Ales Linhart,&nbsp;Marian Fedorco,&nbsp;Petr Widimsky,&nbsp;Cestmir Cihalik,&nbsp;Jiri Parenica,&nbsp;Simona Littnerova,&nbsp;Jiri Jarkovsky","doi":"10.5507/bp.2014.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2014.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Liver pathology caused by cardiac dysfunction is relatively well recognized, however, its clinical importance has not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of liver function tests (LFTs) abnormalities and to identify associated factors mediating hepatic impairment in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The AHEAD (Acute Heart Failure Database) registry is a database conducted in 9 university hospitals and 5 regional health care facilities in the Czech Republic. From December 2004 to October 2012, the data of 8818 patients were included. The inclusion criteria for the database followed the European guidelines for AHF. Serum activities of all LFTs and total bilirubin were available in 1473 patients at the baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients with AHF, abnormal LFTs were seen in 76% patients (total bilirubin in 34%, γ-glutamyltransferase in 44%, alkaline phosphatase in 20%, aspartate aminotransferase in 42%, alanine aminotransferase in 35%). Patients with cardiogenic shock were more likely to have LFTs abnormalities compared to mild AHF and pulmonary oedema. LFTs abnormalities were strongly associated with AHF severity (left ventricular ejection fraction and NYHA functional class) and clinical manifestation. While hepatocellular LFTs pattern predominated in left sided forward AHF, cholestatic profile occurred mainly in bilateral and right sided AHF. Additionally, patients with moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation had significantly higher prevalence of abnormalities in cholestatic LFTs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Defining the LFTs profile typical for AHF plays an important role in management of AHF patients, since it may avoid redundant hepatic investigations and diagnostic misinterpretations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"429-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40304303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The titanium PV I endosteal implant from beta-titanium alloy Ti 38Nb 6Ta.","authors":"Patrik Prachar,&nbsp;Sonia Bartakova,&nbsp;Jiri Vanek","doi":"10.5507/bp.2014.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2014.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to use the beta-titanium alloy Ti38Nb6Ta for production of a new construction line of implants, perform testing on animals and preclinical tests.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Within this study, a new PV I implant with five construction variants was developed. The implant includes three types of threads - microthreads and flat threads of two types with a different depth. Further, the PV I implant was tested on minipigs. Subsequently, preclinical tests of 150 implants were performed and assessed. The age interval of patients was from 18 to 74 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Beta titanium alloy exhibited higher strength than titanium alloys. Anti-corrosion resistance was also higher. The implant from beta-alloy was inserted in the tibias of minipigs. Sections showed good osseointegration of the PV I implant. During the preclinical tests, 150 implants were inserted with the success rate of 99.33% after the two year assessment. The assessment also included handicapped patients who are not usually assessed in classical studies. Finally, the implantation protocol and documentation of a new implantation system PV I was designed. At the same time the industrial sample of this implant was formed and accepted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A new anti-rotation PV I implant with microthreads and conical anchorage of the abutment into the fixture was formed. The beta-titanium alloy Ti38Nb6Ta used for the implant was biocompatible and had higher mechanical and physical properties than the existing titanium alloys. The PV I implant was recommended for clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"503-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40304304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current treatment methods for long occlusions of the femoropopliteal segment in patients with intermittent claudication: Minireview.","authors":"Jana Fialova,&nbsp;Petr Utikal,&nbsp;Petr Bachleda,&nbsp;Martin Kocher,&nbsp;Marie Cerna,&nbsp;Katherine Vomackova","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>Backround. Intermittent claudication is a classic symptom of peripheral arterial disease. It is mainly treated conservatively but if this fails, a form of revascularization is indicated. The revascularization in chronic occlusion of femoropopliteal region is currently performed by two basic methods: the standard method of surgical bypass and the newer miniinvasive alternative represented by the endovascular method. The treatment of patients with solely claudication and long occlusion of femoropopliteal region remains controversial. The aim of this minireview was to determine whether surgical bypass is still the best method of choice in a time of endovascular techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A MEDLINE search for original and review articles using key terms, intermittent claudication and long femoropopliteal oclusion.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>No ideal treatment for long occlusions of the femoropopliteal segment has been established to date. It is clear that the role of endovascular techniques in the treatment of SFA occlusions is increasing. It remains that, lower risk patients with claudication should be examined to assess the quality of veins suitable for revascularization and bypass should be selected as the first method of choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"203-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical decellularization: a promising approach for preparation of extracellular matrix.","authors":"Hana Hrebikova,&nbsp;Daniel Diaz,&nbsp;Jaroslav Mokry","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A biological scaffold from extracellular matrix can be produced by a variety of decellularization methods whose caveat consists in efficiently eliminating cells from the treated tissue. This scaffold can be used in diverse applications for tissue engineering and organ regeneration. Preservation of the extracellular matrix ultrastructure is highly desirable because of its unique architecture, contained growth factors and decreased immunological response. All of these properties provide attachment sites and adequate environment for cells colonizing this scaffold, reconstituting the decellularized organ. This review briefly describes chemical decellularization methods, evaluation of these protocols and the role of ECM in tissue engineering.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chemical decellularization is an often used method for scaffold preparation and makes possible a well-preserved three dimensional structure of extracellular matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"12-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40253031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of retransfusion of blood processed in cell-saver on coagulation versus cardiopulmonary bypass: a prospective observational study using thromboelastography.","authors":"Tomas Vymazal,&nbsp;Martin Filaun,&nbsp;Michal Horacek","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare an impact of retransfusion of blood processed in cell-saver (CS) with that of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on blood coagulation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective observational study using thromboelastography (TEG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TEG samples from 170 patients were analyzed. Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 100 patients while 70 patients were operated off-pump. In 20 off-pump patients collected blood was processed by cell-saver and returned. In all patients clot formation after heparin neutralization by protamine was unimpaired. However, there was a significant increase in fibrinolysis defined by the TEG parameter Lysis time 30 min after the maximum amplitude of the clot was reached (Ly30) in groups with CPB or CS but this increase still did not exceed the threshold for clinical fibrinolysis (Ly30 > 7.5%). In the group without CPB there was no significant impact on coagulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgery that avoids CPB and/or CS is the gentlest method for inducing blood coagulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"131-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability of post-exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure recovery. Implications for noninvasive echocardiographic diagnostics.","authors":"Jaroslav Meluzin,&nbsp;Petr Hude,&nbsp;Jan Krejci,&nbsp;Lenka Spinarova,&nbsp;Pavel Leinveber,&nbsp;Radka Stepanova,&nbsp;Petr Nemec","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of our study was to assess the course of immediate post-exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) changes to identify the optimal time window for the noninvasive diagnostics of exercise-induced PCWP elevation.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Seventy-one patients at risk of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction underwent simultaneous exercise echocardiography and right heart catheterization. The ratio of early left ventricular filling velocity (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e') was used to predict noninvasively exercise-induced PCWP elevation. Fifty-one patients had exercise-induced PCWP elevation ≥ 8 mmHg and reached peak exercise PCWP ≥ 20 mmHg. Rapid post-exercise recovery of PCWP within 2 min was achieved in 18 (35.3%) patients. Intermediate post-exercise PCWP recovery at 3 and 4 min was found in 16 (31.4%) patients while late post-exercise PCWP recovery (≥ 5 min) was achieved in 17 (33.3%) patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The course of post-exercise PCWP recovery is highly variable, and a significant proportion of patients have only a brief period (≤ 2 min) of exercise-induced PCWP elevation. This fact should be taken into account in noninvasive assessment of exercise-induced PCWP.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"114-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic monitoring of psychoactive drugs - antidepressants: a review.","authors":"Milan Grundmann,&nbsp;Ivana Kacirova,&nbsp;Romana Urinovska","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depression, is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in Europe and the USA. The dramatic rise in pharmacological antidepressants is mainly due to increase in use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and other new generation antidepressants. In clinical practice, optimum individual doses are often guided by trial-and-error. This article reviews the available literature on therapeutic monitoring of antidepressant drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search using MEDLINE (english-language reports, 1983 - August 2012) with the key words for antidepressant drugs and therapeutic drug monitoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a need for monitoring antidepressants due to wide interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. At the same drug dose, a more than 20-fold variation in steady state concentration of drug in the body may result: people differ in their ability to absorb, distribute, metabolise and excrete drugs for reasons of concurrent disease, age, gender, smoking and eating habits, concomitant medication and genetics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Monitoring of antidepressant drugs enables us to individualise drug doses based on rational therapy, minimalise side effects, reduce morbidity and mortality and cut the cost of health care. Phenotyping and genotyping could increase therapeutic drug monitoring furthere.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy with beta-blocker metipranolol.","authors":"Oldrich Chrapek,&nbsp;Barbora Jirkova,&nbsp;Vit Kandrnal,&nbsp;Jiri Rehak,&nbsp;Martin Sin","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the systemically administered betablocker metipranolol on the course of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective double-blind study involving 48 patients with a first attack of CSC not exceeding two weeks and who agreed to the follow-up ophthalmology examinations every week. The group was divided into a metipranolol group (n=23), receiving 10 mg of drug twice per day and a placebo group (n=25). The outcome measure was time in weeks from drug intervention (metipranolol vs. placebo) to reattachment of macula neuroepithelium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant difference in duration of CSC in patients who used metipranolol and those who used placebo (P=0.341).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a prospective double-blind study, we found no effect of the betablocker metipranolol on the duration of central serous chorioretinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"120-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography in progressive cone dystrophy.","authors":"Jiri Zahlava,&nbsp;Jan Lestak,&nbsp;Ivan Karel","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study was to analyse different clinical pictures in patients with progressive cone dystrophy (PCD), to compare these with the results of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to evaluate the benefits of this method for diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The group consisted of 16 patients (32 eyes) with PCD. All patients were examined for visual acuity, colour sense and visual field. We performed biomicroscopic examination, photo-documentation, fluorescein angiography, electrophysiological tests and OCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using biomicroscopy and fluorescein angiography, we found changes in the retinal pigment epithelium ranging from barely detectable changes up to the typical bull's eye appearance. In all the eyes, OCT established statistically significant reduction in the thickness and structural changes in the neuroretina of the macula. Atrophy was evident especially in the outer nuclear layer, in the photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment junction and in the retinal pigment epithelium. Visual acuity was mainly dependent on the degree to which the continuity of the photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment junction layer was maintained. Eyes with better preserved neuroretinal structure in the fovea centralis had generally less reduced thickness of the retina and a better visual acuity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OCT specifies the quantitative and qualitative changes in the macula and may contribute significantly to the diagnosis of the progressive cone dystrophy, particularly in the early stages of the disease which is difficult to diagnose.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"628-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organs of BALB/c mice can be injured in course of tularemia.","authors":"Oto Pavlis,&nbsp;Eva Kusakova,&nbsp;Ladislav Novotny,&nbsp;Miroslav Pohanka","doi":"10.5507/bp.2013.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Francisella tularensis is a biological agent exploitable for bioterrorism and biological warfare purposes due to serious pathogenic progression and easy dissemination. Despite intensive research in the past, some adverse consequences remain unclear. One consequence of this pathogen is oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to undertake ex vivo assays for monitoring the disease in mice and increase our knowledge of the oxidative stress induced by tularemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The mouse BALB/c model was chosen and the animals were infected by a dose 10(4) CFU of F. tularensis. After five days, the animals were euthanized. Blood immediately processed in plasma, spleen and liver were sampled from the cadavers. Oxidative stress markers, cytokines and histopathological were undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant link between oxidative stress and tularemia. Particularly elevated levels of malondialdehyde and decreased levels of low molecular weight antioxidants were found in the liver and spleen of tularemia-infected animals. The histopathological findings correlated well with the oxidative stress markers. The liver and spleen were proven to be significantly at risk from the disease and an association between stress and neutrophils in the affected organs was found. The histopathology excluded risk to other organs such as the kidney and or heart.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oxidative stress plays a significant role in tularemia infection in mice and this was confirmed by the histology.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"557-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}