Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia最新文献

{"title":"Dual hypothermic machine perfusion mitigates early allograft injury of liver grafts regardless of prolonged total preservation times - a retrospective study with propensity score matching analysis.","authors":"Miroslav Kolarik, Martin Oliverius, Petr Fila, Jiri Nicovsky, David Nespor, Vita Zampachova, Aneta Zackova, Monika Skotakova, Petr Nemec","doi":"10.5507/bp.2026.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2026.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Transplant centers worldwide face the need to extend the donor acceptance criteria. To preserve the safety of transplantation, we have implemented a dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (DHOPE) program. This, in some cases, enabled a prolonged total preservation time (TPT), raising worries about the impact on graft outcomes. This study aimed to compare outcomes between DHOPE-treated grafts and conventionally stored grafts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed outcomes of 21 DHOPE-preserved grafts and performed a propensity score-matched comparison with static cold storage (SCS) grafts. In addition, biopsies from 20 liver grafts were examined for histological evidence of preservation-related injury. All patients were followed for 1 year to assess graft and patient survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median TPT was significantly longer in the DHOPE group (10 hours 18 minutes) compared with the SCS group (5 hours 52 minutes; P<0.001). Despite this difference, no significant variation was observed between groups in terms of patient and graft survival, primary nonfunction, early allograft dysfunction, or major complications. Histological evaluation also showed no statistically significant differences in ischemia-reperfusion injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that extending TPT during DHOPE is feasible and does not compromise safety. Both early postoperative outcomes and 1-year graft survival show no significant difference from conventional preservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of silymarin and its polyphenols to affect Nrf2 signalling pathway in human skin cells.","authors":"Alena Rysava, Katerina Valentova, Katerina Cizkova, Jitka Vostalova, Bohumil Zalesak, Alena Rajnochova Svobodova","doi":"10.5507/bp.2025.020","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2025.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human skin is constantly exposed to various agents causing oxidative stress. In response, skin cells can activate transcriptional nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which influences the expression of several protective genes. However, accumulating evidence suggests severe adverse effects of chronic Nrf2 activation. Phytochemicals are popular for supporting skin health. Some are potent Nrf2 inducers and their long-term use may be hazardous. Silymarin (SM), an extract from Silybum marianum fruits, and its major flavonolignan silybin (SB) are used in cosmetic formulations for their protective and regenerative activities. However, knowledge about their potential to modulate Nrf2-driven pathway in skin cells or tissue is lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here we evaluated effects of SM, SB, silychristin (SC), silydianin (SD), isosilybin (ISB) and 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHSB) and taxifolin (TA) on Nrf2 nuclear translocation, the level of Nrf2-control proteins (Keap1 and Bach1) and selected Nrf2-driven genes (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase 1) in human primary fibroblasts and keratinocytes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SM and its components significantly stimulated Nrf2 nuclear translocation; SM and SB were most potent on both cell types. The effect of SM and compounds was more pronounced in fibroblasts than on keratinocytes. Regardless, effects of SM and studied compounds on the Nrf2 regulating and Nrf2-controled proteins were non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SM and its components do not have a significant effect on the studied proteins, and seem to be safe with respect to possible negative effects associated with the Nrf2 signalling pathway activation during dermal application. However, we cannot give a definitive answer on their effect after repeated long-term application to the whole skin. Further experiments on human skin ex vivo or clinical studies on volunteers are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"229-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144710452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of DNA methylation in the regulation of HLA expression.","authors":"Adam Strnad, Martin Petrek","doi":"10.5507/bp.2025.031","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2025.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA methylation plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system which is a key component of immune function. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms by which DNA methylation influences HLA gene regulation, highlighting its impact on their antigen presentation and immune tolerance functions. We describe how methylation patterns vary in HLA class I and II genes, affecting their expression in a tissue- and allele-specific manner. In addition, we examine the interplay of DNA methylation in shaping immune responses. A focus is on the role of methylation in immune-mediated, namely autoimmune diseases, where aberrant epigenetic modifications at HLA loci contribute to disease susceptibility and progression. We also explore how single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within CpG sites can alter methylation patterns and gene expression, providing insights into genetic-epigenetic interactions. These findings may contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for immune-mediated diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"169-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case-control study of promoter and 5'UTR VEGF polymorphisms in diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Diala Walid Abu-Hassan, Muawyah D Al-Bdour, Huda Tahir, Mona Freihat, Ibraheem Saleh, Mohammed El-Khateeb, Mary J Kelley","doi":"10.5507/bp.2025.032","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2025.032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Angiogenesis is activated in the retina of diabetic patients with retinopathy complications. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an essential role as a mediator of the retinal induced neovascularization. VEGF levels are increased significantly in the vitreous and aqueous ocular fluids in the patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study is to investigate whether VEGF promoter/5'UTR polymorphisms are associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) development and/or severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case-control study, Type 2 diabetic patients with or without DR, and normal controls were recruited. DR was classified based on the presence or absence of proliferative changes. The genotyping was analysed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 259 subjects (172 with diabetes+DR, 87 healthy controls; male:female, 125:134) were recruited. The average age was 59.5+9.6 years, diabetes duration was 8.5+4.5 years, body mass index was 30.6+6.0 kg/m2, and HbA1c was 7.37+1.2% (57 mmol/mol). Significant differences in the distribution of genotypes in T(-1,498)C, G(-1,190)A and G(-1,154)A polymorphism in diabetic patients versus controls, and DR patients versus DM without DR patients were shown. No association between DR severity and polymorphisms was detected. Non-significant differences in allele frequency were found. The haplotypes TGAGC, TGACT and CAGCT were significantly increased in DM patients, whereas CGGCC was the most common haplotype in DR patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multiple VEGF polymorphisms and CGGCC haplotype are significantly correlated with a higher DR risk in Type 2 diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"252-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini review on the laboratory diagnosis of amyloidosis: An overview of methods, applications, and trends in analytical approaches.","authors":"Ivana Olivkova, Pavel Sistik, Katerina Kratka, Pavlina Kusnierova, Zdenek Svagera, Jan Jurica, Petr Handlos, Klara Handlosova, David Stejskal","doi":"10.5507/bp.2025.036","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2025.036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyloidosis represents a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous group of serious, potentially life-threatening disorders characterized by the extracellular deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils derived from misfolded precursor proteins. These deposits disrupt tissue architecture and function, often affecting vital organs such as the heart and kidneys. Accurate diagnosis and subtyping of amyloidosis are essential for effective clinical management and personalized therapeutic interventions. This review provides an integrated overview of modern approaches to the laboratory diagnosis of amyloidosis, divided into three main areas: (1) histological and immunological methods (including Congo red staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and immunoelectron microscopy) for the initial detection and characterization of amyloid deposition, (2) electrophoretic techniques (capillary electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, immunofixation electrophoresis) used primarily for the analysis of amyloid-associated proteins in serum and urine, and (3) mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses that have significantly improved subtype specificity and clinical decision-making. By emphasizing the complementary roles of these techniques, the review aims to support timely, accurate, and subtype-specific diagnosis, ultimately improving clinical outcomes and treatment strategies for patients affected by amyloidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"190-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145914584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum vitamin D levels in patients with lung metastases.","authors":"Tomas Hanslik, Thomas Klikovits, Vladimir Soska, Iveta Denemarkova, Adam Pestal, Zdenek Chovanec, Vadim Prudius, Ivan Capov, Vladimir Cervenak, Ondrej Bilek, Tetiana Shatokhina, Jan Resler, Lenka Veverkova, Igor Penka, Michal Benej","doi":"10.5507/bp.2025.024","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2025.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is linked to increased cancer risk and death but the effect of vitamin D substitution on the prognosis of patients with malignant disease is debatable. We aimed to investigate the value of serum vitamin D3 levels in patients with a history of malignancy and confirmed lung metastases.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>Serum Vitamin D2 (25-hydroxyergokalciferol) and D3 (25‑hydroxycholekalciferol) levels were measured in 38 patients (28 with and 10 without lung metastases) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum Vitamin D2 + D3 levels of patients with lung metastases were analysed with respect to season, number of metastases, number of malignancies in the history, value according to the ASA (The American Society of Anaesthesiologists) physical status classification, and compared to patients with a history of malignancy without confirmed lung metastasis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, mean serum vitamin D3 levels were significantly higher in summer (summer vs. winter; 85.06 nmol/L vs. 61.01 nmol/L; P=0.013). There was no significant difference in vitamin D3 levels in summer or winter between patients with or without lung metastases. There was also no significant difference in vitamin D3 levels in the summer months between patients with a history of one malignancy versus those with two or more. In winter however, patients with a history of one malignancy had significantly higher vitamin D3 levels (mean, 75.25 nmol/L) than those with two or more malignancies (mean 44.6 nmol/L) (P=0.027). The differences between vitamin D3 levels in patients with ASA 2 and 3 were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D supplementation may be advisable for patients with a history of multiple malignancies, particularly during the winter months. However, confirmation in a clinical trial with a larger patient cohort is warranted before firm recommendations can be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"205-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the efficiency of two prophylactic approaches in patients at risk of developing Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome.","authors":"Miroslava Maluskova, Klara Maresova, Zuzana Schreiberova, Barbora Paskova, Marta Karhanova","doi":"10.5507/bp.2025.025","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2025.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) is a condition that can lead to a number of complications during cataract surgery that threaten final vision of patients using alpha1-adrenergic receptor antagonists (α1-ARAs). There are two recommended pharmacological approaches to preventing IFIS development: intraoperative intracameral epinephrine and application of atropine drops twice a day for one week before surgery. The primary aim of this study was to identify the incidence and grade of IFIS using these two prophylactic approaches in patients at risk of IFIS development and to determine which approach is more effective for mild and severe IFIS. The second aim was to evaluate complication rates between the two.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study consisted of 164 eyes of 164 men using α1-ARAs. 83 eyes were treated with atropine sulphate 1% drops (Group 1) while 81 eyes received an injection of epinephrine to the anterior chamber during cataract surgery (Group 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Even though the incidence of IFIS was lower in the epinephrine group this was not statistically significant at the 5% level (P=0.269). Apropos severity, there was a statistically significantly higher incidence of moderate and severe forms of IFIS in Group 2 (P<0.0001). There was no significant difference between groups in the development of surgical complications (P=0.165).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The instillation of epinephrine was more effective in preventing the overall incidence of IFIS. Nevertheless, the occurrence of IFIS in its moderate and severe forms was statistically significantly higher in this group.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study protocol was retrospectively registered in the Clinical Trial registry clinicaltrials.gov under ID number NCT06266962.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"245-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, function and usage of integrin alpha 6 (CD49f): A comprehensive review.","authors":"Tomas Soukup, Martin Kapitan, Nela Jouklova, Jan Schmidt, Vincent Gianquintieri, Kenzy H Ismail, Wail Abou Assaf","doi":"10.5507/bp.2026.012","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2026.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrin alpha-6 (α6ITG, CD49f) has long been considered one of the most reliable markers of stemness, yet emerging evidence challenges this view by revealing its broader role in niche accessibility and survival. As a laminin receptor, α6ITG mediates cellular interactions and participates in signal transduction pathways that help maintain cellular phenotype. Its expression allows for the identification and purification of stem cells from heterogeneous populations. Because α6ITG expression is highly sensitive to environmental cues, it also serves as a sensor of culture conditions and cryopreservation stress, with potential use in biobanking and regenerative medicine. This marker holds significant potential; it may be one of the few markers consistently expressed in all stem cells, potentially qualifying it as a common \"stemness\" marker. Additionally, the therapeutic implications of α6ITG knockdown using antibodies may greatly influence future cancer treatments. Elevated expression in cancer correlates with growth, invasion, and poor prognosis. The aim of this review is to explore the biological and translational importance of α6ITG in stem cell and cancer biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"180-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147871333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic duct stenting as a treatment for chylothorax and chylous ascites in patient with Yellow Nail Syndrome.","authors":"Vendelin Chovanec, Pavol Viglas, Jan Raupach, Filip Cihlar, Ivo Hanke, Pavel Ryska","doi":"10.5507/bp.2026.019","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2026.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the approach, technical success, safety, and short-term outcomes of thoracic duct stenting for treating chylothorax and chylous ascites in a patient with Yellow Nail Syndrome.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 57-year-old male with Yellow Nail Syndrome, characterized by yellow thickened nails, lymphedema, and respiratory abnormalities, required repeated thoracocenteses for chylothorax. A thoracic duct intervention involving percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and balloon-expandable stent implantation via retrograde access was performed. Procedure characteristics, clinical success, complications, and follow-up were recorded.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thoracic duct stenting was a safe and technically successful procedure. After the procedure, the patient was relieved of symptoms. This technique could be considered for patients with recurrent chylothorax and chylous ascites, including those with Yellow Nail Syndrome. Further research is required to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":"265-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Development and establishment of the ECMO program in the Olomouc region.","authors":"Olga Klementova, Martin Simek, Ondrej Zuscich, Pavel Marcian, Pavel Michalek","doi":"10.5507/bp.2026.023","DOIUrl":"10.5507/bp.2026.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520569,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148835904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}