Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM最新文献

{"title":"The significance of immunohistochemical expression of merlin, Ki-67, and p53 in meningiomas.","authors":"Sanda Pavelin,&nbsp;Kristijan Bečić,&nbsp;Gea Forempoher,&nbsp;Snježana Tomić,&nbsp;Vesna Capkun,&nbsp;Irena Drmić-Hofman,&nbsp;Ivana Mrklić,&nbsp;Ivo Lušić,&nbsp;Zenon Pogorelić","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e318289f490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e318289f490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meningiomas are one of the most common CNS tumors whose appearance is closely linked to NF2 gene product merlin. Tumor markers Ki-67 and p53 play established role in tumor progression which should be analyzed in close association with merlin expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of merlin in meningiomas, correlation with Ki-67 and p53, and to determine the association of these results with histologic grade and subtype. The histologic sections of 170 patients with totally resected meningiomas, between January 2000 and December 2010, were classified according to WHO, immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67, p53, and merlin, and analyzed using light microscope. Ki-67 median was 5.6 times higher in group of patients with negative merlin than in those with positive merlin (P=0.05). Statistically significant correlation of merlin with p53 was found (P<0.001). Merlin expression between 2 combined groups (meningothelial/secretory and fibroblastic/transitional) was statistically significant (P=0.002). By comparing merlin expression and p53 levels, statistically significant difference was found (P=0.017). In the group with positive merlin and negative p53 as well as positive merlin and low p53, meningothelial/secretory subtypes of meningiomas were more common. In combination of negative merlin and negative p53 as well as negative merlin and high p53, there were more meningiomas of fibroblastic/transitional subtype. There was no statistically significant correlation between merlin and tumor grade (P=0.420). There is undeniable influence of merlin on the development and the proliferative ability of meningioma subtypes. Significant role of p53 pathway was confirmed.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"46-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e318289f490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31277147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathologic findings and BRAF mutation in cutaneous melanoma in young adults.","authors":"Bruna Estrozi,&nbsp;Juliana Machado,&nbsp;Rubens Rodriguez,&nbsp;Carlos E Bacchi","doi":"10.1097/pdm.0b013e318298c1d9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pdm.0b013e318298c1d9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous melanoma in young patients is rare with increasing incidence. It is not clear whether the etiology and clinical outcome are similar to cutaneous melanoma in the elderly. Mutations in BRAF gene in patients with cutaneous melanoma, in general, range in frequency from 20% to 80%; however, the status and clinical significance of BRAF mutations in the young population have not been evaluated. We investigated 132 cases of primary cutaneous melanoma in patients aged between 18 and 30 years with emphasis on clinical characteristics, pathologic features, and molecular evaluation of mutation in the BRAF gene (BRAF(V600E)). It was predominantly seen in female individuals (61.4%), trunk was the most common site of involvement (40.4%), and superficially spreading melanoma was the predominant histologic type (79.5%). Mutation in BRAF(V600E) was analyzed successfully in 93 cases using an RT-PCR. The BRAF(V600E) mutation was identified in 38.7% (36/93) and was associated with vertical growth phase (P=0.01) and mild inflammatory infiltrate (P=0.02). No case of melanoma with regression phenomenon presented with BRAF(V600E) mutation (P<0.05). There was no significant association between BRAF(V600E) mutation and sex, histologic type, the Clark level, the Breslow index, solar elastosis, angiolymphatic and perineural invasion, satellitosis, and coexisting nevus. As in melanomas in older patients, these results probably indicate that BRAF mutation may not be the only key factor in melanoma tumorigenesis, and that there should be multiple alternative genetic pathways related to melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"57-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/pdm.0b013e318298c1d9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32067620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of succinate dehydrogenase losses in 2258 epithelial neoplasms.","authors":"Markku Miettinen, Maarit Sarlomo-Rikala, Peter McCue, Piotr Czapiewski, Renata Langfort, Piotr Waloszczyk, Krzysztof Wazny, Wojciech Biernat, Jerzy Lasota, Zengfeng Wang","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e31828bfdd3","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e31828bfdd3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Losses in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex characterize 20% to 30% of extra-adrenal paragangliomas and 7% to 8% of gastric GISTs, and rare renal cell carcinomas. This loss is reflected as lack of the normally ubiquitous immunohistochemical expression of the SDH subunit B (SDHB). In paragangliomas, SDHB loss correlates with homozygous loss of any of the SDH subunits, typically by loss-of-function mutations. The occurrence of SDHB losses in other epithelial malignancies is unknown. In this study, we immunohistochemically examined 2258 epithelial, mostly malignant neoplasms including common carcinomas of all sites. Among renal cell carcinomas, SDHB loss was observed in 4 of 711 cases (0.6%), including a patient with an SDHB-deficient GIST. Histologically, the SDHB-negative renal carcinomas varied. There was 1 clear cell carcinoma with a high nuclear grade, 1 papillary carcinoma type 2, 1 unclassified carcinoma with a glandular pattern, and 1 oncocytoid low-grade carcinoma as previously described for SDHB-negative renal carcinoma. None of these patients was known to have paragangliomas or had loss of SDHA expression in the tumor. Three of these patients had metastases at presentation (2 in the adrenal, 1 in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes). There were no cases with SDHB loss among 64 renal oncocytomas. SDHB losses were not seen in other carcinomas, except in 1 prostatic adenocarcinoma (1/57), 1 lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the stomach, and 1 (1/40) seminoma. On the basis of this study, SDHB losses occur in 0.6% of renal cell carcinomas and extremely rarely in other carcinomas. Some of these renal carcinomas may be clinically aggressive. The clinical significance and molecular genetics of these SDHB-negative tumors requires further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"31-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3714362/pdf/nihms454275.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40228335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spindle cell foci of the thyroid-mimicking malignancy: a diagnostic pitfall.","authors":"Andres Matoso,&nbsp;Salwa Khedr,&nbsp;Ronald A DeLellis,&nbsp;Shamlal Mangray","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e31828b403d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31828b403d","url":null,"abstract":"To the Editor: We recently published a case series of spindle cell foci of the thyroid associated with multinodular goiter, follicular adenomas, and minimally invasive follicular carcinoma.1 Previously, Vergilio et al2 described spindle cell foci of the thyroid gland in association with papillary thyroid carcinoma and microcarcinoma. This uncommon entity is usually an incidental finding that consists of a spindle cell proliferation with nodular or diffuse distribution, bland cytologic features, low Ki-67 index, and an immunophenotype that supports a metaplastic follicular origin of the spindle cells. We previously emphasized the potential for confusion of spindle cell foci of the thyroid with medullary thyroid carcinoma, which is well demonstrated in this recent case that we reviewed on our consultation service. We report a 61-year-old woman who underwent a total thyroidectomy followed by cervical lymph node dissection after needle biopsy raised the concern for medullary thyroid carcinoma. Gross examination demonstrated the presence of two solid nodules measuring 1.6 and 0.7 cm in maximum diameter. Microscopic examination of sections of the nodule on the left lobe demonstrated an adenomatous nodule with macrofollicular architecture, extensive degenerative changes that included fibrosis and sclerosis along with florid spindle cell foci with infiltrative borders, and areas of eosinophilic interstitial deposits (Fig. 1). The spindle cells were arranged in sheets as well as in short fascicles, had elongated plump nuclei, fine chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli, and variable eosinophilic cytoplasm (Figs. 1B, C). Intermixed cells with clear or foamy appearance were present. There was no evidence of mitotic activity or necrosis. Areas resembling desmoplastic stromal reaction associated with spindle cells were noted (Fig. 1E). The areas of sclerosis and fibrosis had an amorphous appearance simulating amyloid (Fig. 1F). A focus showing nuclear pleomorphism that merged with the spindle cell areas was noted in one section (Fig. 1F). Rare nuclear pseudoinclusions were also noted. Both the bland spindle cell component and the atypical cells had a low proliferation index on Ki-67 stain (&lt;1%). All lymph nodes were negative for malignancy. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that the spindle cells were strongly positive for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and thyroglobulin but negative for cytokeratin AE1/3, synaptophysin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), calcitonin, and CD56. Congo red stain was negative. Low Ki-67 along with the positive TTF-1 staining helps in excluding the possibility of anaplastic carcinoma. On the basis of these features, a diagnosis of adenomatous nodule with spindle cell foci consistent with spindle cell metaplasia of follicular cells was rendered. The atypical nuclei were interpreted as being consistent with “endocrine atypia”. As in the case presented here, all previous cases showed absence of necrosis, inflammation, or vascular ","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"577-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31828b403d","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40228332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous immunofluorescent labeling using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody and a melanocyte-specific marker in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human skin samples.","authors":"Morea Petersen,&nbsp;Lester M Davids,&nbsp;Susan H Kidson","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e31824f70d8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31824f70d8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunolabeling of tissue sections requires careful optimization of protocols in order to achieve accurate and consistent data. Multiple immunolabeling is desirable when determining the exact location and phenotype of cell populations in the same cellular compartment. 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-immunolabeling is commonly used to assess cellular proliferation in vitro. However, the technical limitations of standard methods preclude multiple antigen immunolabeling. The aim was therefore to develop a robust protocol for simultaneous labeling using anti-BrdU and a melanocyte-specific marker in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) skin samples. Human skin samples were obtained from patients undergoing elective plastic surgery. The tissue was incubated with BrdU, and a standard sample procedure for FFPE tissue was used. Heat-induced antigen retrieval was performed in a conventional pressure cooker, followed by immunolabeling with anti-BrdU and anti-Melan A/MART-1 antibodies. Fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibodies were used for signal detection. We have demonstrated both proliferating cells (BrdU-immunopositive) and melanocytes (Melan A/MART-1-immunopositive) in the basal compartment of the epidermis in our skin samples. Successful double labeling requires heat-induced epitope retrieval to replace the harsh pretreatment protocols of standard BrdU immunolabeling methods. We have optimized a robust protocol for the double labeling of proliferating cells and cells bearing melanocyte-specific antigens (melanocytes and/or melanoblasts) in FFPE human skin samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"614-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31824f70d8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40182204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid transcription factor-1 is not expressed in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung: an immunohistochemical study with review of the literature.","authors":"Nelson G Ordóñez","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e318251d8c1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e318251d8c1","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is one of the peripheral airway epithelial markers that, because it is commonly expressed in lung adenocarcinomas, but not in squamous cell carcinomas, is regarded as being useful in distinguishing between these 2 malignancies, especially in those instances in which the diagnosis cannot be made on routine histology. Even though it is generally believed that TTF-1 is not expressed in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, a significant number of studies have reported positivity for this marker in up to 38% of the cases investigated. To determine the causes of these discrepancies, 85 pulmonary and 50 nonpulmonary squamous cell carcinomas (17 skin, 8 esophagus, 5 uterine cervix, and 20 from the head-and-neck region) were investigated by immunohistochemistry for TTF-1. None of the 85 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung showed reactivity in the neoplastic cells; however, because strong TTF-1 positivity was observed in the hyperplastic type II pneumocytes that were sometimes seen entrapped within the tumor, it is concluded that the presence of these entrapped cells was one of the most likely causes of the discrepancies. In addition, after a careful review of all of the previous publications on TTF-1 expression in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, it was found that other factors, such as the type of antibody used and the selection of the cases, may have been the cause of the discrepancies.","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"525-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e318251d8c1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40181585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in lymph nodes of patients with human immunodeficiency virus.","authors":"Brijal Dave,&nbsp;Jennifer Kaplan,&nbsp;Shiva Gautam,&nbsp;Parul Bhargava","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e318251d8a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e318251d8a4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) decrease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, either from loss or redistribution to lymph nodes (LN). Limited animal and human studies variably showed increased or decreased nodal PDC. CD123 immunostaining was performed on 28 archived LN biopsies (20 reactive) from 25 HIV patients. PDC clustering was graded (1: none; 2: rare small; 3: medium-sized, loose; and 4: large tight clusters) and correlated with HIV-lymphadenitis stage, blood CD4 counts, time since HIV diagnosis, and treatment duration. Increased PDC clustering was seen with decreasing CD4 counts (P = 0.001), shorter treatment duration (P = 0.0268), and advancing HIV-lymphadenitis stage (P = 0.06). No correlation with time since HIV diagnosis was noted. To our knowledge, this is the first human study assessing relationship of nodal PDC in HIV to CD4 counts, treatment duration, and lymphadenitis pattern. Our findings suggest that PDC redistribute to LN with advancing immunodeficiency and stage of HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"566-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e318251d8a4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40181584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucinous epithelial lesions in endometrial curettage material: a diagnostic challenge.","authors":"Kitty Pavlakis,&nbsp;Thomas Vrekoussis,&nbsp;Irini Messini,&nbsp;Zannis Voulgaris,&nbsp;Dimitris Chrysanthakis,&nbsp;Petros Yiannou,&nbsp;Anastasios Stofas,&nbsp;Theodore Panoskaltsis","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e31825251a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31825251a4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of several benign or malignant mucinous lesions that can be encountered in endometrial curettage material.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nineteen well-differentiated mucinous endometrial carcinomas, 12 papillary mucinous metaplasias, 11 cervical microglandular hyperplasias, 11 endocervical adenocarcinomas, 2 goblet cell metaplasias, 1 minimal-deviation adenocarcinoma, and 1 lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia entered the study. Immunohistochemistry was performed with the following antibodies against: estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, vimentin, p16, p63, carcinoembryonic antigen, and Ki-67.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immunohistochemistry could easily distinguish endocervical adenocarcinoma of usual type from all other lesions under study. A Vim(-)/p16(-)/p63(high) signature was found to favor a cervical microglandular hyperplasia, whereas both mucinous endometrial carcinoma and mucinous papillary metaplasia would be preferentially characterized by a Vim(+)/p16(+)/p63(low) immunophenotype. A high Ki-67 expression would be of help in differentiating the latter 2 conditions. Statistically, the expression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and carcinoembryonic antigen did not aid in the differential diagnosis of these 3 conditions. For the 4 cases representing goblet cell metaplasia, minimal-deviation adenocarcinoma and lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia, no results could be drawn.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In endometrial curettage material, the differential diagnosis of lesions comprising mucinous epithelium might be rendered by combining the immunohistochemical expression of vimentin, p16, p63, and Ki-67. Of all lesions, endocervical adenocarcinoma of usual type is the most easily identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"607-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31825251a4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40181586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small cell carcinoma of the ileum that developed 10 years after total gastrectomy for gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma.","authors":"Tadashi Terada","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e31823eb34f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31823eb34f","url":null,"abstract":"To the Editor: Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the small intestine including the ampulla of Vater is extremely rare; only 3 cases of SCC of the small intestine have been reported. A 65-year-old man underwent total gastrectomy for gastric advanced pure signet-ring cell carcinoma. Ten years later (at the age of 75 y), he presented with abdominal pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed elevated tumor at the ileum near the anastomosis junction between esophagus and ileum (Fig. 1A). Biopsies revealed carcinoma cells of very small size (Fig. 1B). They showed hyperchromatic nuclei, very scant cytoplasm, molded nuclei, and inconspicuous nucleoli. The features are those of SCC. No signet-ring carcinoma cells and adenocarcinoma cells were recognized. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/3 (Fig. 1C), CK CAM5.2, KIT (Fig. 1D), chromogranin (Fig. 1E), synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, p53 (Fig. 1F), and Ki-67 (labeling=70%). They were negative for CD68 (NCAM), platelet-derived growth factor receptor a, CDX-2, and thyroid transcription factor-1. Because the neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin, synaptophysin, and neuron-specific enolase) and KIT were positive, the immunohistochemical findings are those of SCC. Because no abnormalities were found in the lungs; and tumor cells were negative for thyroid transcription factor-1, metastatic SCC from the lung was denied. A diagnosis of SCC of the ileum was made. The tumor was inoperative because many lymph node metastases were found in the abdomen by various imaging modalities. Retrospective immunohistochemistry showed that the gastric carcinoma cells were positive for CK AE1/3, CK CAM5.2, p53, and Ki-67 (labeling=30%). They were negative for KIT, chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD56, neuron-specific FIGURE 1. A, Endoscopy shows elevated tumor of the ileum. B, Histology of biopsy. The tumor cells are very small and have hyperchromatic nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli, scant cytoplasm, molded nuclei, and increased nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. The features are those of small cell carcinoma (SCC). Hematoxylin and eosin, 200. C, The SCC cells are strongly positive for cytokeratin AE1/3. Immunostaining, 200. D, The SCC cells are positive for KIT. Immunostaining, 200. E, The SCC cells are focally positive for chromogranin. Immunostaining, 200. F, The SCC cells are diffusely positive for p53. Immunostaining, 200.","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"618-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e31823eb34f","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40165052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoexpression of claudin-1 and Nm23-H1 in metastatic and nonmetastatic lower lip squamous-cell carcinoma.","authors":"Ana Rafaela Luz de Aquino,&nbsp;Cyntia Helena Pereira de Carvalho,&nbsp;Cassiano Francisco Weege Nonaka,&nbsp;Roseana de Almeida Freitas,&nbsp;Lélia Batista de Souza,&nbsp;Leão Pereira Pinto","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0b013e3182505c22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0b013e3182505c22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of claudin-1 and Nm23-H1 in metastatic and nonmetastatic lower lip squamous-cell carcinoma (LLSCC). Twenty LLSCCs with regional nodal metastasis and 20 LLSCCs without metastases were selected. The percentage of claudin-1 staining and the staining intensity and percentage of Nm23-H1 staining in each tumor core were assessed. Metastatic tumors exhibited higher expression of claudin-1 than nonmetastatic tumors (P = 0.030). Similarly, stage III and IV LLSCCs showed higher expression of claudin-1 than stages I and II (P = 0.026). The percentage of claudin-1 staining was scored as 2 in most well-differentiated and moderately differentiated tumors, whereas poorly differentiated tumors showed a relatively similar distribution of scores 2, 1, and 0 (P = 0.648). Regarding Nm23-H1, there was a predominance of negative cases for both metastatic and nonmetastatic tumors (P = 0.235). In addition, no significant differences in the percentage of Nm23-H1-negative and Nm23-H1-positive cases were observed regarding the clinical staging (P = 0.430) and the histologic grading of malignancy (P = 0.702). The results of this study suggest an important role of claudin-1 in the development of metastasis in LLSCCs. In contrast, the present findings do not support a significant role of Nm23-H1 in metastasis suppression of LLSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"595-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PAI.0b013e3182505c22","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40181582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}