{"title":"[Influence of Preoperative Fluid Intake on Perioperative Outcome].","authors":"Tobias E Haas, Peter Kranke, Thomas Saller","doi":"10.1055/a-2505-3742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2505-3742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite guideline recommendations allowing clear fluids up to two hours before anaesthesia, prolonged preoperative fasting remains common. This article summarises current evidence and clinical practice regarding preoperative fluid intake and highlights implications for perioperative management based on selective literature review.Excessive fluid restriction promotes dehydration and is associated with increased risk of delirium, haemodynamic instability, and acute kidney injury; patient comfort (thirst, anxiety, PONV, pain) is also impaired. Consistent application of the two-hour rule or liberal strategies (\"Sip til send\") shortens fasting times, improves thirst and well-being, and is not associated with higher rates of regurgitation or aspiration in current evidence. Intravenous fluid boluses immediately before induction provide short-term stabilisation but do not replace early, preferably oral, rehydration. Vulnerable populations, including paediatric and geriatric patients, appear to benefit most.Preoperative fluid management should aim to reliably prevent dehydration through patient-centred, evidence-based, and pragmatic strategy. Emerging data suggest that liberal fluid intake regimens may better achieve these objectives than the currently endorsed two-hour restriction from the outdated 2011 ESAIC guideline. Further well-designed implementation studies and adequately powered randomised trials are warranted to confirm safety and effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 11-12","pages":"624-634"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Fasting Before Surgery - From Dogma to Differentiated Practice].","authors":"Patrick Meybohm","doi":"10.1055/a-2690-0761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2690-0761","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 11-12","pages":"604-605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anika Müller, Fatima Halzl-Yürek, Luísa Klaus Pilz
{"title":"[Circadian Medicine - How Relevant is it in Anesthesiology?]","authors":"Anika Müller, Fatima Halzl-Yürek, Luísa Klaus Pilz","doi":"10.1055/a-2351-8482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2351-8482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circadian system, also known as the internal clock, plays an essential role in regulating physiological processes that are adapted to the 24-hour day-night cycle. This system modulates sleep-wake cycles, hormone secretion, metabolism, immune and cognitive functions, among other processes. In anesthesiology, we use hypnotics to strongly influence consciousness, sleep architecture, and the nervous system. It is therefore assumed that anesthesia and sedation may also influence circadian rhythms, as patients often report sleep disturbances and other cognitive and emotional impairments after anesthesiological procedures and surgeries. This overview summarizes current findings on the effects of anesthesia on circadian rhythms and highlights possible mechanisms and clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 10","pages":"533-543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The Circadian Rhythm: What Role do Sleep Disorders Play in Pain Management and Palliative Care?]","authors":"Susanne Jöbges, Heike Wendt, Laura Hagemann, Kathrin Scholtz, Claudia Spies, Sascha Tafelski","doi":"10.1055/a-2351-8514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2351-8514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circadian rhythm regulates key biological processes such as sleep, hormone balance, and immune defence. Sleep disorders are particularly prevalent among patients with chronic or advanced diseases and are associated with significant physical and psychological consequences. They impair quality of life, increase morbidity, and negatively affect the immune system. Diagnosis involves a thorough medical and sleep-specific history, supplemented by sleep diaries and screening questionnaires. Polysomnography remains the gold standard, while wearables can provide useful indications but cannot fully replace comprehensive diagnostics. Treatment should primarily focus on non-pharmacological interventions and addressing underlying conditions, with medications used only as adjuncts. Chronic pain and sleep deprivation interact, worsening patient outcomes. In critically ill patients, especially in intensive care settings, sleep disorders are common and increase the risk of delirium and mortality. Light therapy and consideration of circadian rhythms in pain management may improve treatment outcomes. Overall, sleep disorders represent a central and often underestimated symptom in pain management and palliative care, necessitating targeted diagnostics and individualized therapy. This article summarizes the current findings in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 10","pages":"557-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mareike Otto, Hendrik Bracht, Christof Breitsameter, Thorsten Brenner, Jens Dowideit, Patrick Meybohm, Sigrid Wittmann, Rainer Kiefmann
{"title":"[Very old Patients in the Intensive Care Unit - Balancing Benefits and Risks].","authors":"Mareike Otto, Hendrik Bracht, Christof Breitsameter, Thorsten Brenner, Jens Dowideit, Patrick Meybohm, Sigrid Wittmann, Rainer Kiefmann","doi":"10.1055/a-2060-8786","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2060-8786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The decision to initiate extended intensive care in older patients is often challenging. The ethical principles of beneficence and non-maleficence, together with the patient's autonomous will, form the foundation of decision-making. Important prognostic factors include frailty, functional status, and comorbidities. If intensive care treatment is initiated, it should be started promptly, but with a clearly defined treatment goal and predefined limitations regarding interventions that should not be undertaken. If, during the course, the decision is made against curative intensive care, palliative care should be provided. In situations where the patient's wishes or prognosis are unclear and the likelihood of meaningful benefit is low, a time-limited trial of therapy with predefined evaluation criteria may be appropriate. In any case, interdisciplinary and interprofessional team discussions help to improve prognostic assessment. Based on this, patients and their relatives can engage in shared decision-making to weigh benefits against burdens and to reach an informed choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 10","pages":"574-590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Judith Kaden, Lilian Jo Engelhardt, Laura Hancke, Gunnar Lachmann, Alawi Lütz
{"title":"[Circadian Medicine - How Relevant is It in Intensive Care Medicine?]","authors":"Judith Kaden, Lilian Jo Engelhardt, Laura Hancke, Gunnar Lachmann, Alawi Lütz","doi":"10.1055/a-2351-8498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2351-8498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian intensive care medicine is a new field of research that investigates the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical impact of disrupted circadian rhythms on the course of disease in critically ill patients. Initial studies have demonstrated rhythm disturbances at the clinical, hormonal and molecular level. These disturbances are often characterized by a loss of rhythmicity, for example reflected in reduced fluctuations of blood pressure within a 24-hour cycle. The loss of such rhythmicity has been associated with increased mortality rates. Moreover, circadian dysrhythmia is linked to several severe complications, including delirium. This article presents concepts and interventions in circadian intensive care medicine that may represent a new therapeutic horizon for critically ill patients in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 10","pages":"544-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas Wurmb, Patrick Meybohm, Maximilian Kippnich
{"title":"[Disaster Medicine and Civil Defense].","authors":"Thomas Wurmb, Patrick Meybohm, Maximilian Kippnich","doi":"10.1055/a-2651-5754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2651-5754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 9","pages":"464-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maximilian Kippnich, Chris Speicher, Björn Hossfeld, Patrick Meybohm, Thomas Wurmb
{"title":"[Prehospital Disaster Medicine and Civil Protection].","authors":"Maximilian Kippnich, Chris Speicher, Björn Hossfeld, Patrick Meybohm, Thomas Wurmb","doi":"10.1055/a-2582-8352","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2582-8352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disaster medicine faces complex challenges and will play an increasing role in the future. Disaster medicine is dominated by a phased imbalance of available and required resources. Various factors, such as a possible hazard for the rescue forces, inaccessible terrain or even destroyed infrastructure increase the complexity enormously. For casualties, this can mean a concentration of medical care on life-threatening conditions. The primary goal of emergency planning is to ensure standard or contingency care and to avoid crisis care.</p>","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 9","pages":"467-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chris Speicher, Thomas Wurmb, Patrick Meybohm, Maximilian Kippnich
{"title":"[Inhospital Management of Mass Casualty Incidents (MASCAL)].","authors":"Chris Speicher, Thomas Wurmb, Patrick Meybohm, Maximilian Kippnich","doi":"10.1055/a-2593-3516","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2593-3516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past 12 months, Germany has experienced a number of significant events that have led to mass casualty incidents. Major emergencies, natural disasters and hazardous situations, including terrorism and amok, are characterized by an unexpected and simultaneous occurrence of a large number of casualties. Hospitals are key elements in the management of a mass casualty incident. After the emergency care on site, the casualties must be quickly transferred to hospitals ready to receive them. In order to ensure structured patient treatment in such an exceptional situation, hospitals must develop, train and practice emergency plans. Essential elements of contingency plans are the setup of a command and control structure, definition of dedicated treatment areas, triage, staff deployment and the stocking of materials. In prolonged scenarios the sustainment of treatment capacity is vital. Strategic hospital command and control is in charge to manage such situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520554,"journal":{"name":"Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS","volume":"60 9","pages":"479-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}