African journal of AIDS research : AJAR最新文献

{"title":"Correlates of missed HIV appointments in low-resource settings: a study from Uganda.","authors":"Davy Vancampfort,&nbsp;Peter Byansi,&nbsp;Philip B Ward,&nbsp;James Mugisha","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2021.1895235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2021.1895235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aims:</i> Alarming reports of antiretroviral treatment failure have recently emerged in sub-Saharan Africa. The onset of virologic failure has multiple causes but suboptimal treatment adherence is one of the leading causes. This study aimed to explore correlates of adherence to HIV appointments in community care patients living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda.<i>Methods:</i> Two hundred and ninety-five people living with HIV (median age 37.0 years; interquartile range 16.0; female 67.8% [<i>n</i> = 200]) reported whether they had missed any of their four-weekly appointments during the past 24 weeks. They also completed the Internalized AIDS-Related Stigma Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test, and the Physical Activity Vital Sign.<i>Results:</i> Thirty-three (11.2%) patients missed at least one of their six scheduled appointments in the 24-week period. The adjusted odds ratio for missing at least one of six appointments was 3.03 (95% CI: 1.21-8.43, <i>p</i> = 0.01) for those who were physically inactive, and 2.29 (95% CI: 0.93-5.63, <i>p</i> = 0.046) for those with depression.<i>Conclusions:</i> Targeting future rehabilitation studies for PLHIV around feelings of depression and around physical inactivity could be important in achieving optimal HIV treatment adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":520548,"journal":{"name":"African journal of AIDS research : AJAR","volume":" ","pages":"125-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25544421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of family planning services into HIV services in Nigeria: Evidence from the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 survey in seven states.","authors":"Babayemi O Olakunde,&nbsp;Daniel A Adeyinka,&nbsp;Funmilola M OlaOlorun,&nbsp;Tolulope T Oladele,&nbsp;Hidayat Yahaya,&nbsp;Chinwendu D Ndukwe","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2021.1925312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2021.1925312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite global calls for stronger linkages between family planning and HIV, a growing body of evidence in sub-Saharan Africa suggests that the integration of family planning and HIV service delivery is suboptimal in some countries. In this study, we assess the integration and quality of family planning services in health facilities that provide HIV-related services in Nigeria. This study analysed secondary data from the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 cross-sectional survey conducted between May and July 2016 in seven states in Nigeria. Our study sample was restricted to 290 health facilities providing HIV services. We performed descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses. Ninety-five per cent of the health facilities reported offering family planning counselling, provision of family planning methods, and/or referral for family planning methods to clients accessing HIV services. About 84% of these health facilities with integrated family planning and HIV services reported that they discussed the preferred method, dual methods, instructions and side effects of the chosen method, and the reproductive intentions with clients during an HIV consultation. None of the health facilities' characteristics was significantly associated with the integration of family planning services into HIV services. Private health facilities (aOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.07-0.92), urban health facilities (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.64-8.76), and provision of postnatal care (aOR 3.9, 95% CI 1.10-13.74) were statistically associated with the quality of family planning services provided to clients accessing HIV services. Family planning services were integrated into HIV services in a majority of the health facilities in our study. However, our findings indicate the need for improvement in the quality of family planning services provided to clients accessing HIV services.</p>","PeriodicalId":520548,"journal":{"name":"African journal of AIDS research : AJAR","volume":" ","pages":"181-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39185778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AIDS and COVID-19 in southern Africa.","authors":"Arnau van Wyngaard,&nbsp;Alan Whiteside","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2021.1948877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2021.1948877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By the end of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, in February 2021, the numbers of cases and deaths in southern Africa were low in absolute and relative numbers. The BBC ran a story (which was later retracted) headlined \"Coronavirus in Africa: Could poverty explain mystery of low death rate?\". A heading in the <i>New York Post</i> said: \"Scientists can't explain puzzling lack of coronavirus outbreaks in Africa\". Journalist Karen Attiah concluded: \"It's almost as if they are disappointed that Africans aren't dying en masse and countries are not collapsing\". We wondered if the knowledge that southern African countries have acquired in their struggle against AIDS has contributed to a more effective approach against COVID-19. The viral origins of the diseases through zoonotic events are similar; neither has a cure, yet. In both diseases, behaviour change is an important prevention tool, and there are specific groups that are more vulnerable to infection. Equally, there are important differences: most people with COVID-19 will recover relatively quickly, while people living with HIV will need lifelong treatment. COVID-19 is extremely infectious, while HIV is less easily transmitted.</p>","PeriodicalId":520548,"journal":{"name":"African journal of AIDS research : AJAR","volume":" ","pages":"117-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39186769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life in a child-headed household: Exploring the quality of life of orphans living in child-headed households in Zimbabwe.","authors":"Kudzai Emma Chademana,&nbsp;Brian van Wyk","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2021.1925311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2021.1925311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The overwhelming rate of HIV-related mortality in the past decades has eroded traditional safety nets for orphans, of which the extended family is the most critical. This has led to the formation of new household structures, i.e. child- and youth-headed households, as children and youths are left to live alone and look after themselves. These types of households are a growing phenomenon in many African countries and are increasingly being recognised as household structures. However, in the absence of an economically active adult, orphans living in these households experience numerous challenges. The socio-economic challenges in Zimbabwe could further exacerbate the conditions of child-headed households. This article discusses findings of an ethnographic inquiry on orphans living in child- and youth-headed households in Zimbabwe. We identified parentification, lack of income and social isolation as risk factors affecting quality of life. Social capital and agency were identified as protective factors enhancing children's quality of life. Our findings suggest that orphans living in child- and youth-headed households are not only victims but are also resilient and can exercise agency. Therefore, interventions to support this vulnerable group should build on their existing resilience and agency.</p>","PeriodicalId":520548,"journal":{"name":"African journal of AIDS research : AJAR","volume":" ","pages":"172-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39185779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of alcohol consumption among adults living with HIV in Eswatini.","authors":"Garikayi B Chemhaka,&nbsp;Maswati S Simelane,&nbsp;Stanzia Moyo,&nbsp;Mduduzi C Shongwe","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2021.1895236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2021.1895236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aim</i>: Alcohol consumption contributes to a significant burden of illnesses, health conditions and premature deaths globally. There is limited knowledge of alcohol consumption among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Eswatini. This study sought to determine the prevalence, and examine the sociodemographic determinants of alcohol consumption among adult people living with HIV in Eswatini.<i>Methods</i>: Using the Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey 2, a recent national representative cross-sectional survey conducted in Eswatini between August 2016 and March 2017, a subsample of 2 832 adults (aged 18 and older) living with HIV was extracted. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the sociodemographic factors associated with alcohol consumption (i.e. use or misuse).<i>Results</i>: The prevalence of alcohol misuse (hazardous drinking) was 10.9% (23% male v 4.5% female), whereas alcohol use (moderate drinking) was estimated at 8.5% (14.7% male v 5.2% female). Men were more likely to engage in alcohol use (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR] = 3.46 [95% CI 3.46-6.62]) and misuse (aRRR = 6.12 [95% CI 6.12-11.47]) than females. Those who reported HIV stigma had a higher likelihood of alcohol misuse compared to those who did not report HIV stigma (aRRR = 1.43 [95% CI 1.04-1.98]).<i>Conclusion</i>: Our findings highlight a notable prevalence of alcohol use or misuse among PLWH in Eswatini. Males, those with no education, never married and those who reported HIV stigma were more likely to report alcohol misuse. The study thus recommends innovative policies and strategies to curb alcohol-related harm in the Eswatini population, specifically among PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":520548,"journal":{"name":"African journal of AIDS research : AJAR","volume":" ","pages":"132-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38978914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}