npj ocean sustainability最新文献

{"title":"The opportunity for climate action through climate-smart Marine Spatial Planning.","authors":"Ana M Queirós, Talya Ten Brink, Maria Bas, Christopher J Sweeting, Sian McGuinness, Hugh Edwards, Elizabeth Talbot, Patrick Berg Sørdahl, Christian Lønborg, Shayna R Deecker-Simon, Michael Elliott, Rafael Sardá, Jose A Fernades-Salvador, Christina Pretty, Riku Varjopuro, Elina A Virtanen, Elena Gissi, Katherine Yates, Andrea Morf, Catarina Frazão-Santos, Inne Withouck, Matthew Frost, Marta Coll, Kira Gee, Caitriona Nic Aonghusa","doi":"10.1038/s44183-025-00129-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44183-025-00129-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite global climate-driven change in marine ecosystems and associated economic sectors, climate-smart Marine Spatial Planning (CSMSP) implementation remains limited. This joint perspective from across the climate research and Marine Spatial Planning policy interface discusses reasons for CSMSP's slow pace (blockers) and shares operational examples about how CSMSP is working around the world (enablers). Learning from national CSMSP contexts can help deliver needed and faster international collaboration on climate action.</p>","PeriodicalId":520523,"journal":{"name":"npj ocean sustainability","volume":"4 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving detectability of illegal fishing activities across supply chains.","authors":"Rodrigo Oyanedel, Stefan Gelcich, E J Milner-Gulland, Chris Wilcox","doi":"10.1038/s44183-025-00134-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44183-025-00134-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving detectability (i.e., enforcers' capacity to detect illegal fishing activities) is vital for fisheries management, food security, and livelihoods. Identifying factors linked to higher probabilities of illegal activities and their detection across supply chains is essential for effective interventions. Using a Bayesian Hierarchical Model and a large enforcement dataset from Chile, we evaluated determinants of detectability and violation probability across supply chain actors, species, regulations, and effort predictors. Our findings reveal an overall detectability rate of 7%, varying significantly across supply-chain actors. Notably, those higher in the supply chain, such as processors and restaurants-despite receiving less enforcement effort-show higher detection rates. This study offers insights to enhance detectability and improve enforcement targeting, particularly where budgets are constrained. Our approach complements technological advancements like satellite monitoring and supports strategies to reduce illegal fishing and promote compliance, contributing to better management and sustainability of fisheries in Chile and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":520523,"journal":{"name":"npj ocean sustainability","volume":"4 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to leverage trade to achieve a 2050 ocean dream.","authors":"U Rashid Sumaila","doi":"10.1038/s44183-025-00124-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44183-025-00124-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Ocean is central to our lives, providing vital ecosystem goods and services. It generates 50% of the Earth's oxygen; absorbs around 30% of anthropogenic carbon emissions; regulates the Earth's climate; and provides food, income, and livelihoods for hundreds of millions of people worldwide. However, the Ocean is under serious multiple threats from overexploitation, climate change, and pollution. Here, I state my dream 2050 scenario for the Ocean and describe how trade, in the midst of broader ocean governance efforts, can contribute to realizing this dream.</p>","PeriodicalId":520523,"journal":{"name":"npj ocean sustainability","volume":"4 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management approach matters: meeting seagrass recovery and carbon mitigation goals.","authors":"Melissa Ward, Connor Dibble, Maddie Millington-Drake, John Lynch, Karen McGlathery, Richard J Lilley, Aaron L Strong, Lisa M Wedding","doi":"10.1038/s44183-025-00111-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44183-025-00111-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seagrass habitats support biodiversity, improve water quality, protect coastlines, and sequester carbon, among other essential ecosystem functions, yet they are declining worldwide due to human activity. Seagrass restoration and conservation can act as nature-based solutions for climate change, garnering growing interest from a diversity of stakeholders globally. Despite this interest, no seagrass projects have yet received carbon credits under international voluntary carbon standards. There is a clear need to better understand potential carbon mitigation outcomes of seagrass conservation and restoration practices. Here, we developed a mechanistic model based on a temperate meadow of <i>Zostera marina</i> to estimate carbon benefits (including net carbon dioxide removals, reductions, and methane and nitrous oxide fluxes) over 10 years as a result of four theoretical seagrass management scenarios, selected for their prevalence and potential-(1) restoration via seeding, (2) restoration via transplanting, (3) conserving a meadow and associated sediment from loss (e.g., from dredging), and (4) infilling an area with sediment prior to transplanting. We found significant differences and high variability in carbon benefits between these management scenarios. Restoration via transplant led to higher carbon gains than restoration via seeding, driven by more rapid areal bed expansion in transplanted meadows. However, the infill (adding 1 m of sediment) and conservation (preventing loss of 1 m of sediment) scenarios had total carbon benefits roughly 13-33 times (respectively) higher than the seeding and transplanting scenarios in which no sediment was mobilized. Within the model presented here, the minimum estimated revenue shows a 6 Ha seeding project generating as little as $1189 over 10 years (39.6 ± 6.2 T CO₂eq), while a 100 Ha conservation project could generate a maximum of $1.53 million over this same time period (21,910 ± 2196 T CO₂eq), excluding costs for project implementation and MRV (monitoring, reporting and verification). Voluntary carbon credit revenue variability (ranging from $198 to $15,337 per Ha) is driven by project size, project approach, and carbon price, among other factors. This work highlights the need for careful, context-specific consideration for if and how carbon finance might support seagrass recovery goals. Seascape-level approaches that pair strategic sediment management and avoided emissions with habitat restoration may lead to the highest climate mitigation benefits, while simultaneously supporting biodiversity and other ecosystem functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520523,"journal":{"name":"npj ocean sustainability","volume":"4 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}