NPJ heritage science最新文献_第2页

Illuminating Rembrandt's Chiaroscuro in The Night Watch: the painting process of Van Ruytenburch's costume. 《守夜人》中伦勃朗明暗对照的阐释：范鲁坦伯奇服装的绘画过程。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-025-01874-w

Nouchka De Keyser, Annelies van Loon, Francesca Gabrieli, Frederik Vanmeert, Fréderique T H Broers, Petria Noble, Steven De Meyer, Arthur Gestels, Victor Gonzalez, Mitra Almasian, Inez van der Werf, Erma Hermens, Koen Janssens, Katrien Keune

{"title":"Illuminating Rembrandt's Chiaroscuro in The Night Watch: the painting process of Van Ruytenburch's costume.","authors":"Nouchka De Keyser, Annelies van Loon, Francesca Gabrieli, Frederik Vanmeert, Fréderique T H Broers, Petria Noble, Steven De Meyer, Arthur Gestels, Victor Gonzalez, Mitra Almasian, Inez van der Werf, Erma Hermens, Koen Janssens, Katrien Keune","doi":"10.1038/s40494-025-01874-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s40494-025-01874-w","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines Rembrandt's use of chiaroscuro to depict the costume of Lieutenant Willem Van Ruytenburch, a prominently lit figure in The Night Watch (1642). As part of Operation Night Watch, the painting was analyzed using noninvasive imaging techniques, including reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS), macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction (MA-XRPD), and macroscopic X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF). These methods enabled the mapping of the artist's pigment palette, which includes lead white, lead-tin yellow, ochres, vermilion, arsenic sulfide pigments, red lakes, smalt, and azurite. Rembrandt applied these pigments in a consistent, systematic way, combining them in groups to achieve pictorial unity. Notably, arsenic-based pigments were used to capture the warm reflections of gold threads, unique to Van Ruytenburch's costume. MA-XRPD also identified degradation products-mimetite, weddellite, and palmierite-associated with the original pigments. These results provide new insights into Rembrandt's modus operandi and inform understanding of the current condition and implications for its conservation.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"13 1","pages":"406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12360951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144985636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A quantitative study of acetic acid emissions from historical cellulose acetate at room conditions. 历史醋酸纤维素在室内条件下醋酸排放的定量研究。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-025-01551-y

M Novak, J Grau-Bové, T Rijavec, I Kraševec, I Kralj-Cigić, C De Stefani, C Checkley-Scott, M Strlič

{"title":"A quantitative study of acetic acid emissions from historical cellulose acetate at room conditions.","authors":"M Novak, J Grau-Bové, T Rijavec, I Kraševec, I Kralj-Cigić, C De Stefani, C Checkley-Scott, M Strlič","doi":"10.1038/s40494-025-01551-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-025-01551-y","url":null,"abstract":"Historic objects made of cellulose acetate are potential sources of indoor pollution in heritage collections. As these objects degrade, volatile organic compounds, including acetic acid, are produced and emitted. High concentrations of acetic acid can increase the degradation rate of both organic and inorganic objects stored nearby. In this study, micro-invasive sampling and ion chromatography were used to quantify acetic acid emission rates from objects made of cellulose acetate, including 3D objects and photographic negatives. It was observed that some degrading objects emit acetic acid at high rates, even under standard environmental conditions (20 °C and 30% RH) that are prescribed for storage of objects made of cellulose acetate. The emission rate was found to be governed by the internal diffusion for thicker cellulose acetate objects and by the surface evaporation for thinner objects. In the diffusion-controlled mode of emission, the airflow did not accelerate acetic acid emissions. To compare the storage options for cellulose acetate objects, the emission rates of acetic acid were used as the inputs for models predicting the equilibrium acetic acid concentrations in various enclosures (archival box, surface-coated archival box, metal can, and display case). It was observed that surface-coated boxes contained higher concentrations of acetic acid than other enclosures, mainly due to their low air exchange rates and deposition velocities.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"13 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11867026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The reproduction of fire-born soot for comparative cleaning tests on heritage objects. 为对文物进行比较清洁试验而产生的火灰的再现。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-025-02067-1

Nan Yang, Marta Cremonesi, Tomas Markevicius, Alice Del Favo, Kirill Shumikhin, Elena Ducoli, Catarina Rocha Pires, Raffaella Fontana, Pascal Van Der Voort, Karen Leus, Gert Nuyts, Gianluca Pastorelli, Sofie Wikkelsø Jensen, Ilaria Bonaduce, Klaas Jan van den Berg, Rino Morent, Anton Nikiforov, Geert Van der Snickt

{"title":"The reproduction of fire-born soot for comparative cleaning tests on heritage objects.","authors":"Nan Yang, Marta Cremonesi, Tomas Markevicius, Alice Del Favo, Kirill Shumikhin, Elena Ducoli, Catarina Rocha Pires, Raffaella Fontana, Pascal Van Der Voort, Karen Leus, Gert Nuyts, Gianluca Pastorelli, Sofie Wikkelsø Jensen, Ilaria Bonaduce, Klaas Jan van den Berg, Rino Morent, Anton Nikiforov, Geert Van der Snickt","doi":"10.1038/s40494-025-02067-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-025-02067-1","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes the design of reproducible mock-ups with controlled soot deposition, created to support comparative cleaning tests within the EU Horizon MOXY project. The latter develops atmospheric, plasma-generated, monoatomic oxygen as a cleaning method to remove (amongst others) fire-born soot from heritage objects. A literature review highlights the complexity of soot while revealing a lack of focus on the representativeness of artificial soot in previous studies. We benchmarked two approaches: (I) indirect/cold application of pre-fabricated soot and (II) direct/hot application via ongoing combustion. The results demonstrate that direct combustion yields soot with markedly different physical and chemical characteristics. Chemical analysis (Raman, XRPD, TGA, EGA-MS, XPS) and microscopic imaging (3D optical, SEM) revealed differences in composition, morphology, and deposition behaviour on substrates like paper, silk, paint and plaster. We selected the 'smoke drum' method as the most practical and reproducible approach for mimicking fire-born soot in heritage cleaning research.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"13 1","pages":"593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145592671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clothomics: a practical guide to understand the opportunities and challenges of omics-based methods in archaeological cloth research. 衣thomics：一个实用的指南，了解的机会和挑战，以组学为基础的方法在考古布研究。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-025-01623-z

Laura C Viñas-Caron, Luise Ørsted Brandt

{"title":"Clothomics: a practical guide to understand the opportunities and challenges of omics-based methods in archaeological cloth research.","authors":"Laura C Viñas-Caron, Luise Ørsted Brandt","doi":"10.1038/s40494-025-01623-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-025-01623-z","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first studies in the early 2000s, an increasing number of articles have used biomolecular tools for studying archaeological and historical cloth materials, produced by animal and plant fibres, leather and furs. Genomic and proteomic studies have particularly contributed to prior visual and microscopic methods to broaden complex themes such as society, identity, technology, economy and trade. We have termed this new interdisciplinary field \"clothomics\", as it applies diverse omics methodologies, such as genomics and proteomics, to expand the horizons of cloth research. This paper aims at providing users with a set of practical step-by-step guides for the most widely applied omics analyses of cloth, proteomics and genomics, in animal-based materials. The paper reviews current applications, provides recommendations for selecting the right analytical strategy, focusing on practical considerations like how to sample, how to choose between proteomic and genomic methodological approaches, and where we see the current limitations. We are optimistic with the field of clothomics as we see it receives more attention scientifically and from the funding bodies. Although it faces several technical challenges, we also experience attempts to overcome these by recovering and detecting more biomolecules and becoming a more inclusive field through data sharing and participatory science. With a close collaboration between scholars of different disciplines, clothomics will provide a better understanding of human-animal interactions and the use of animal products beyond subsistence.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"13 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0