NPJ heritage science最新文献

Multiscale anthropogenic feature detection in the Argentinian Andes: satellite machine learning, UAV, and pedestrian survey. 阿根廷安第斯山脉的多尺度人为特征检测：卫星机器学习、无人机和行人调查。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-13 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-026-02813-z

Manuel J H Peters, Amina Jambajantsan, Veronica Zuccarelli Freire, Laura Pey, José María Vaquer, Patrick Roberts

{"title":"Multiscale anthropogenic feature detection in the Argentinian Andes: satellite machine learning, UAV, and pedestrian survey.","authors":"Manuel J H Peters, Amina Jambajantsan, Veronica Zuccarelli Freire, Laura Pey, José María Vaquer, Patrick Roberts","doi":"10.1038/s40494-026-02813-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-026-02813-z","url":null,"abstract":"The Cusi Cusi micro region in Argentina's Andes presents a unique challenge for cultural heritage research. This rugged area lies within the Puna of Jujuy at elevations from 3800 to 4200 metres above sea level. Archaeological, historical, and features indicate long term human presence, including livestock enclosures, agricultural terraces, and settlement structures. The region is situated within the 'Lithium Triangle' and faces challenges in resource ownership, Indigenous rights, and landscape change, highlighting the importance of documenting cultural and environmental heritage. We present an integration of satellite and unpiloted aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery with pedestrian survey datasets, machine learning (ML), and physical ground truthing to explore anthropogenic activities in the landscape. Satellite-based ML detects features while UAV data improves resolution and assessment of present activities. Targeted pedestrian survey validates results and provides potential dating. This combined approach identifies loci of activities and offers a framework for investigating other rugged regions.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"14 1","pages":"352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13364662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early experiments in the making of Moravian ceramics in North Carolina c. 1770-1820. 1770-1820年在北卡罗来纳州进行的早期摩拉维亚陶瓷制作实验。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-026-02479-7

Zuzanna Sarnecka, Letizia Bonizzoni, Johanna M Brown, Jedrzej Sarnecki, Chiara Mazzocchi

引用次数: 0

The manufacture of the Baskerville typographic punches: the versatile chaîne opératoire of an 18^th-century printing workshop. 巴斯克维尔印刷冲孔机的制造：18世纪印刷车间的多功能cha<s:1> ne opsamatoire。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-026-02504-9

Julia Montes-Landa, Mark Box, Caroline Archer-Parré, Ann-Marie Carey, Maciej Pawlikowski, Marcos Martinón-Torres

{"title":"The manufacture of the Baskerville typographic punches: the versatile chaîne opératoire of an 18th-century printing workshop.","authors":"Julia Montes-Landa, Mark Box, Caroline Archer-Parré, Ann-Marie Carey, Maciej Pawlikowski, Marcos Martinón-Torres","doi":"10.1038/s40494-026-02504-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-026-02504-9","url":null,"abstract":"The 'material turn' within the humanities has provided new possibilities for investigating historical technologies, and the chaîne opératoire offers a powerful framework for such research. Taking the history of printing as research arena, we present the first science-based study of typographic punches, focusing on the 18th-century collection manufactured by John Baskerville in Birmingham. By combining typology, microscopy, µCT, radiography and FTIR, with craftspeople's knowledge and historical sources, we reverse engineer the chaîne opératoire deployed to produce these tools. We characterise the technological tradition followed in Baskerville's workshop and compare it to 19th/20th-century punch-making. Baskerville's workshop was very versatile, and technological choices took into account performance factors and high craftsmanship standards. Many of the recorded choices are not described in 16th- and 17th-century punch-making texts. This reference study presents a chapter of the history of printing previously unexplored through material culture, and provides the method and theoretical framework for others.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"14 1","pages":"246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13079102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147701813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges in colorimetric evaluation of femtosecond laser cleaning on historical leather: influence of surface porosity and microstructure. 飞秒激光对历史皮革清洗比色评价的挑战：表面孔隙率和微观结构的影响。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-026-02484-w

Canan Yağmur Boynukara, Malte L Welsch, Luca Zanotto, Laurie Caron, Mehmet Uguryol, Gurcan Mavili, Luca Razzari, Cyril Muehlethaler, Andreas Ruediger, Patrizio Antici

{"title":"Challenges in colorimetric evaluation of femtosecond laser cleaning on historical leather: influence of surface porosity and microstructure.","authors":"Canan Yağmur Boynukara, Malte L Welsch, Luca Zanotto, Laurie Caron, Mehmet Uguryol, Gurcan Mavili, Luca Razzari, Cyril Muehlethaler, Andreas Ruediger, Patrizio Antici","doi":"10.1038/s40494-026-02484-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s40494-026-02484-w","url":null,"abstract":"This study critically evaluates femtosecond (fs) laser cleaning of historical vegetable-tanned goat leather, addressing quantification on porous, heterogeneous surfaces. Artificially aged, graphite-contaminated samples were treated by fs-laser irradiation with varying fluence and shot number. Cleaning performance was assessed by high-resolution CIE L*a*b* colorimetry, complemented by quantitative porosity analysis using optical microscopy and ImageJ. Pore-size measurements showed a mixed distribution of small and large pores affecting cleaning uniformity. Fs-laser cleaning reduced visible contamination, with ΔE* approaching the perceptibility threshold of 2.0. However, the leather microstructure led to significant reflectance variability, underscoring the limitations of area-averaged colorimetry for cleaning assessment. Comparative measurements on graphite-contaminated parchment, with negligible porosity but pronounced micro-relief, showed that pore structure and micro-topography govern optical consistency. Overall, these findings underscore the need to interpret colorimetry in relation to surface morphology and support integrating spatially localized optical diagnostics into fs-laser cleaning protocols to preserve visual integrity.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"14 1","pages":"361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Four studies exploring the growth and impact of heritage science as a discipline. 四项研究探索遗产科学作为一门学科的发展和影响。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-28 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-026-02657-7

Josep Grau-Bové, Ziwen Liu, Lana Nastja Anžur, Richard Higham, Emily Watt, Miriam Andrews, Matija Strlič

引用次数: 0

In-situ laser ablation MC-ICP-MS of lead white in paintings. 原位激光烧蚀绘画中铅白的MC-ICP-MS。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-026-02720-3

Paolo D'Imporzano, Graham A Hagen-Peter

引用次数: 0

Legacy tree-ring dataset reveals rapid use of panels in 17th-century Dutch and Flemish painting workshops. 遗产树木年轮数据集揭示了17世纪荷兰和佛兰德绘画车间面板的快速使用。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-24 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-026-02737-8

Kirsten Weterings, Marta Domínguez-Delmás, Sven Dupré

{"title":"Legacy tree-ring dataset reveals rapid use of panels in 17th-century Dutch and Flemish painting workshops.","authors":"Kirsten Weterings, Marta Domínguez-Delmás, Sven Dupré","doi":"10.1038/s40494-026-02737-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-026-02737-8","url":null,"abstract":"Dendrochronological research of panel paintings provides essential evidence for their dating and attribution. However, the uncertain interval between the tree's felling and a painting's completion, accounting for the transport, seasoning, and storage of the wood, hinders the accurate estimation of production dates. This study combines historical research with an analysis of dendrochronological data from over 1900 17th-century Dutch and Flemish panel paintings to examine the interval between tree felling and painting production, considering additional storage time at artist's workshops. Results show that panels were typically used within 4.6 to 7.5 years of felling (2.8 ± 2.5 years for French/Belgian/German, 3.4 ± 2.4 years for Polish, and 7.8 ± 1.7 years for Eastern Baltic oak). Paintings with boards from the same tree were completed within 1 to 1.8 years from each other. These findings serve to refine estimated production periods based on provenance of the wood and exact dendrochronological dates, aiding in the attribution of disputed artworks.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"14 1","pages":"362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148475573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-destructive analyses of iron-polyphenolic complexes for reconstructing iron-gall inks historical recipes. 铁多酚配合物重建铁胆油墨历史配方的无损分析。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-025-01946-x

Salvatore Caterino, Iulia-Maria Caniola, Katja Sterflinger, Marc Pignitter, Federica Cappa

{"title":"Non-destructive analyses of iron-polyphenolic complexes for reconstructing iron-gall inks historical recipes.","authors":"Salvatore Caterino, Iulia-Maria Caniola, Katja Sterflinger, Marc Pignitter, Federica Cappa","doi":"10.1038/s40494-025-01946-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-025-01946-x","url":null,"abstract":"Iron-gall inks (IGI) show considerable variability due to the wide range of historical recipes used in their preparation. Previous research has explored how factors such as pH and iron concentration affect IGI structure and how to detect these changes. This study focuses on variability induced by different tannins interacting with iron. Iron-polyphenolic complexes were systematically synthesized using both commercial tannins and oak gall extracts prepared following historical recipes. All starting materials were characterized via spectrophotometric assays and, for commercial tannins, infrared spectroscopy. The resulting complexes were analysed using Raman, IR, and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spectroscopies to build a reference dataset. This enabled the identification of spectral markers offering insight into the materials used in IGI production through a non-destructive, multi-analytical approach. Finally, the method was applied to the \"Black Hours\" manuscript (property of the Austrian National Library) to investigate its ink composition, highlighting both the strengths and limits of the applied techniques.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"13 1","pages":"371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-scale mechanical characterization of the lining canvas of The Night Watch by Rembrandt. 伦勃朗《夜巡》衬里帆布的多尺度力学特征。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-025-02215-7

S Maraghechi, E Bosco, J P M Hoefnagels, A S J Suiker, K Keune, P Noble

{"title":"Multi-scale mechanical characterization of the lining canvas of The Night Watch by Rembrandt.","authors":"S Maraghechi, E Bosco, J P M Hoefnagels, A S J Suiker, K Keune, P Noble","doi":"10.1038/s40494-025-02215-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-025-02215-7","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution presents a multi-scale experimental analysis of the mechanical properties of the lining canvas of The Night Watch (1642), a large-format canvas painting by Rembrandt van Rijn. The original canvas has deteriorated significantly, leaving the lining canvas as the primary load-bearing component. Mechanical properties, including Young's modulus, tensile strength, and strain at fracture, are evaluated at three hierarchical levels (fibre, thread, canvas) using advanced in-situ tensile testing combined with optical profilometry, optical microscopy, and Digital Image Correlation. The study distinguishes between the composite properties of the lining canvas, reflecting the combined behaviour of fibres, wax resin, and voids, and the intrinsic properties, representing the fibre material alone. Scaling laws are established to relate stiffness and tensile strength to the characteristic material length scale, enabling predictions of canvas-scale behaviour from non-invasive fibre-level analyses. These findings may inform future conservation strategies for the canvas of The Night Watch and other paintings.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"13 1","pages":"632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12681443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of fire on Egyptian mummies: an optical and neutron vibrational spectroscopy study. 火对埃及木乃伊的影响：光学和中子振动光谱研究。

NPJ heritage science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1038/s40494-025-02261-1

Maria Paula M Marques, Victor Guida, David Gonçalves, Ana L C Brandão, Daniela A H Santos, Stewart F Parker, Claudia Rodrigues-Carvalho, Murilo Q R Bastos, Luís A E Batista de Carvalho

{"title":"Effects of fire on Egyptian mummies: an optical and neutron vibrational spectroscopy study.","authors":"Maria Paula M Marques, Victor Guida, David Gonçalves, Ana L C Brandão, Daniela A H Santos, Stewart F Parker, Claudia Rodrigues-Carvalho, Murilo Q R Bastos, Luís A E Batista de Carvalho","doi":"10.1038/s40494-025-02261-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s40494-025-02261-1","url":null,"abstract":"Skeletal remains from mummies of the Egyptian Collection of the National Museum of Brazil, damaged by fire in 2018, were analysed by vibrational spectroscopy (infra-red, Raman and inelastic neutron scattering). Four different mummies were probed, including one from the Roman period which was one among eight worldwide. The present data delivered the burning conditions to which the mummies were subjected and allowed us to determine the extent of the heat-induced effects and the way they were impacted by the mummification process. Some of the mummies were found to have been subjected to different temperatures, depending on the location of the bone fragment in the skeleton. Several contaminants were identified; both compounds used during mummification (including salts and pigments) and construction materials from the building collapse. The results enabled us to characterise the mummified skeletal remains recovered after the fire and are expected to help establish the most suitable preservation methods.","PeriodicalId":520430,"journal":{"name":"NPJ heritage science","volume":"13 1","pages":"682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12738286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0