{"title":"The role of wild birds in the global highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 panzootic, 2020-2023.","authors":"Manon Couty, Claire Guinat, Diletta Fornasiero, François-Xavier Briand, Pierre-Yves Henry, Béatrice Grasland, Loïc Palumbo, Guillaume Le Loc'h","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00114-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00114-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5 clade 2.3.4.4b has triggered an unprecedented global panzootic in recent years. As the frequency and scale of HPAI H5 outbreaks continue to rise, understanding how wild birds contribute to shape the global virus spread across regions-affecting poultry, domestic and wild mammals-is increasingly critical. In this review, we examine ecological and evolutionary studies to map the global transmission routes of HPAI H5 viruses, identify key wild bird species involved in viral dissemination, and explore infection patterns, including mortality and survival. We also highlight major remaining knowledge gaps that hinder a full understanding of wild birds' role in viral dynamics, which must be addressed to enhance surveillance strategies and refine risk assessment models aimed at better predicting future outbreaks in wildlife and mitigating outbreaks in domestic animals to safeguard public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"5 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12780116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00112-7
Pauline Eymar-Dauphin, David Renault, Manon Bounous, Kévin Le Falher, Clémence Pillard, Anne-Kristel Bittebiere
{"title":"Living together in a context of plant invasion: the example of the plant communities at the Iles Kerguelen.","authors":"Pauline Eymar-Dauphin, David Renault, Manon Bounous, Kévin Le Falher, Clémence Pillard, Anne-Kristel Bittebiere","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00112-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00112-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With invasions, functionally differing plant species meet. The traits of native and alien species should then be modified, affecting coexistence. We studied trait variation in four native and five alien plant species on the Iles Kerguelen along gradients of alien abundance. We measured traits related to competition and stress tolerance, and compared them along the gradients, their mean, variability, and range, at the species and the community levels, through univariate (analyses of variance) and multi-traits (hypervolume) approaches. Native and alien species occupied overlapping trait spaces, mostly because aliens are more variable than natives. Along the gradients, native and alien species showed similar mean strategies, with no variation in their trait range or variance. At the community level, a shift from convergence to divergence along the gradients was observed in most traits. Our results highlight that not only the response of aliens but also of native species should be studied under invasions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12675772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00113-6
Hongwei Huang, Geng Qin, Zhixin Zhang, Qiang Lin
{"title":"Climate change will greatly alter multifaceted biodiversity patterns in goatfish species.","authors":"Hongwei Huang, Geng Qin, Zhixin Zhang, Qiang Lin","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00113-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00113-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multifaceted biodiversity is crucial for biological conservation and ecosystem sustainability but has been largely neglected in marine biodiversity research. Here we focused on 53 goatfish species of the family Mullidae, developed species distribution models using 34,577 georeferenced occurrence records, and examined redistribution of multifaceted biodiversity patterns under climate change. Our results show that under current climate conditions, the species, phylogenetic, and functional diversity patterns of goatfishes peak in biodiversity hotspots such as the Indo-Pacific convergence zone, Coral Triangle, and Madagascar. These three facets of biodiversity are projected to undergo dramatic changes under climate change, with spatial mismatches observed across different facets. Our results suggest that future climate change might alter the biodiversity patterns of goatfishes and policymakers should account for multifaceted biodiversity when developing conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12675787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00110-9
Mi-Jung Bae, Eui-Jin Kim
{"title":"Taxonomic and functional responses of stream macroinvertebrates across different land use types.","authors":"Mi-Jung Bae, Eui-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00110-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00110-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urbanization and agricultural expansion are major drivers of freshwater biodiversity change, yet their effects on functional diversity remain unclear. We investigated the taxonomic and functional diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates across 121 forest, agricultural, and urban stream sites in South Korea. Macroinvertebrates were classified into 28 categories based on nine functional traits. Taxonomic richness was highest in forest streams and lowest in urban streams. Functional richness declined in disturbed streams, while functional divergence increased in urban and agricultural sites, indicating trait specialization under stress. Species such as Asellus sp. and Limnodrilus gotoi dominated in urban and agricultural sites, reflecting tolerance to pollution and sedimentation. In contrast, forest streams supported sensitive taxa with diverse life strategies. Our findings reveal how trait-based approaches complement taxonomic assessments by capturing adaptive responses to land-use changes, emphasizing the importance of incorporating functional diversity into freshwater biodiversity monitoring and conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12589517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00108-3
Ricarda Lehmitz, Karin Hohberg, Martin Husemann, Ralph S Peters, Nicole Scheunemann, Miklós Bálint, Michael Balke, Judith Bieberich, Iliana Bista, Thomas Borsch, Sarah J Bourlat, Rainer W Bussmann, Ulrike Damm, Lara-Sophie Dey, Cecilia G Flocco, Hans-Peter Grossart, Peter Haase, Hubert Höfer, Valentyna Krashevska, Lars Krogmann, Robert Lücking, Pedro Martinez Arbizu, Rudolf Meier, Ximo Mengual, Nancy F Mercado-Salas, Jenna M Moore, Michael C Orr, Volker Otte, Jörg Overmann, Steffen U Pauls, Ricardo J Pereira, Joris Peters, Anton Potapov, Christian Printzen, Florian Raub, Michael J Raupach, Vera Rduch, Alice Retter, Björn M von Reumont, Sven Rossel, Rüdiger M Schmelz, Thomas Schmitt, Markus Scholler, Eckart Stolle, Marco Thines, Cristina Vasilita, Thomas Wesener, Reza Zahiri, Andrey Zaitsev, Jonas Zimmermann, Dagmara Żyła, Bernhard Misof, Klement Tockner
{"title":"Unknown Germany - An integrative biodiversity discovery program.","authors":"Ricarda Lehmitz, Karin Hohberg, Martin Husemann, Ralph S Peters, Nicole Scheunemann, Miklós Bálint, Michael Balke, Judith Bieberich, Iliana Bista, Thomas Borsch, Sarah J Bourlat, Rainer W Bussmann, Ulrike Damm, Lara-Sophie Dey, Cecilia G Flocco, Hans-Peter Grossart, Peter Haase, Hubert Höfer, Valentyna Krashevska, Lars Krogmann, Robert Lücking, Pedro Martinez Arbizu, Rudolf Meier, Ximo Mengual, Nancy F Mercado-Salas, Jenna M Moore, Michael C Orr, Volker Otte, Jörg Overmann, Steffen U Pauls, Ricardo J Pereira, Joris Peters, Anton Potapov, Christian Printzen, Florian Raub, Michael J Raupach, Vera Rduch, Alice Retter, Björn M von Reumont, Sven Rossel, Rüdiger M Schmelz, Thomas Schmitt, Markus Scholler, Eckart Stolle, Marco Thines, Cristina Vasilita, Thomas Wesener, Reza Zahiri, Andrey Zaitsev, Jonas Zimmermann, Dagmara Żyła, Bernhard Misof, Klement Tockner","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00108-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00108-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodiversity knowledge, from genes to ecosystems, is crucial for addressing the biodiversity crisis. However, even in well-explored countries like Germany, much biodiversity remains unknown. Therefore, several research institutions are joining forces to conduct a comprehensive biodiversity inventory, combining broad taxonomic expertise with advanced technologies. By consolidating data across many organismic groups, the Unknown Germany initiative will significantly enhance conservation strategies and may serve as a model for similar efforts worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12589632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00109-2
Lara Parata, Emma de Jong, Richard J Edwards, Philipp E Bayer, Liam Anstiss, Stephen R Burnell, Adrianne Doran, Priscila Goncalves, Lauren Huet, Glenn I Moore, Tyler E Peirce, Shannon Corrigan
{"title":"Ocean Genomes: reference genome resources for marine vertebrates.","authors":"Lara Parata, Emma de Jong, Richard J Edwards, Philipp E Bayer, Liam Anstiss, Stephen R Burnell, Adrianne Doran, Priscila Goncalves, Lauren Huet, Glenn I Moore, Tyler E Peirce, Shannon Corrigan","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00109-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00109-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present Ocean Genomes, a program dedicated to producing reference genome resources to facilitate improved monitoring approaches and management outcomes for marine vertebrate biodiversity. Ocean Genomes will generate high-quality reference genomes of representatives of all marine vertebrate families and additional high-conservation-value species. Draft-quality genomes may be produced for a more comprehensive sampling of species. We include case studies of Enoplosus armatus, Old Wife and Pempheris klunzingeri, Rough Bullseye.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00111-8
Morgan F Bennett-Smith, Helena Villela, Micaela S S Justo, Viktor Nunes Peinemann, Michael L Berumen, Susana Carvalho, Neus Garcias-Bonet, Francisca C García, Melissa Versteeg, Theresa Rueger, Peter M Buston, Raquel S Peixoto
{"title":"Author Correction: Near complete local extinction of iconic anemonefish and their anemone hosts following a heat stress event.","authors":"Morgan F Bennett-Smith, Helena Villela, Micaela S S Justo, Viktor Nunes Peinemann, Michael L Berumen, Susana Carvalho, Neus Garcias-Bonet, Francisca C García, Melissa Versteeg, Theresa Rueger, Peter M Buston, Raquel S Peixoto","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00111-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00111-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00105-6
Ana Genua-Olmedo, Sílvia Poblador, Judit Lecina-Diaz, María Mar Sánchez-Montoya, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Mireia Bartrons, Elena Hernández-Del Amo, María Anton-Pardo, Núria Catalán, Ada Pastor, Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles, Anna Freixa, Susana Bernal
{"title":"Breaking barriers: ten essential steps to achieve gender equality in academia through scientific societies.","authors":"Ana Genua-Olmedo, Sílvia Poblador, Judit Lecina-Diaz, María Mar Sánchez-Montoya, Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano, Mireia Bartrons, Elena Hernández-Del Amo, María Anton-Pardo, Núria Catalán, Ada Pastor, Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles, Anna Freixa, Susana Bernal","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00105-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00105-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gender gap in STEM is a persistent global issue. Scientific societies can address this by promoting gender equity through collaboration, advocacy, and leadership. This study analyses gender representation on executive boards and the presence of gender groups in freshwater societies. Drawing on a decade of experience, it proposes ten actionable steps, highlights obstacles, and calls on societies to actively foster gender equity within academia and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00101-w
Giacomo Puglielli, Carlos P Carmona, Agnese Bissi, Enrico Tordoni
{"title":"Quantifying the influence of intraspecific variability in trait spaces.","authors":"Giacomo Puglielli, Carlos P Carmona, Agnese Bissi, Enrico Tordoni","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00101-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00101-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of intraspecific trait variability (ITV) in trait spaces is still overlooked. We outline the swapping procedure, which detects changes in the main properties of any trait space as a function of ITV. Building on the properties of eigendecomposition analysis, we propose a set of target parameters, statistical tests and related interpretations to stimulate further research on this topic. We also link R functions to perform the swapping procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
npj biodiversityPub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1038/s44185-025-00107-4
Morgan F Bennett-Smith, Helena Villela, Micaela S S Justo, Viktor Nunes Peinemann, Michael L Berumen, Susana Carvalho, Neus Garcias-Bonet, Francisca C García, Melissa Versteeg, Theresa Rueger, Peter M Buston, Raquel S Peixoto
{"title":"Near complete local extinction of iconic anemonefish and their anemone hosts following a heat stress event.","authors":"Morgan F Bennett-Smith, Helena Villela, Micaela S S Justo, Viktor Nunes Peinemann, Michael L Berumen, Susana Carvalho, Neus Garcias-Bonet, Francisca C García, Melissa Versteeg, Theresa Rueger, Peter M Buston, Raquel S Peixoto","doi":"10.1038/s44185-025-00107-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-025-00107-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A fundamental question in modern-day ecology is: How will populations and their interactions respond to a rapidly changing climate? Documenting local collapses of ecologically and economically important populations can offer insight into broader patterns of decline. Here, we monitored anemonefish (Amphiprion bicinctus) and their host sea anemones (Radianthus magnifica) on three central Saudi Arabian Red Sea reefs from 2022 to 2024, including a 2023 marine heatwave that peaked at a Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) value of ~22 °C-weeks. Across all reefs, we observed a sequence of 100% anemone bleaching, 94.3-100% anemonefish mortality, and 66.4-94.1% anemone mortality. We compare these findings to other recent Indo-Pacific heat stress events of varying intensity, where similar declines were not observed. Our study highlights the vulnerability of mutualistic reef species to extreme heat and suggests that such events may drive local, if not regional, extinctions of ecologically important symbioses.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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