Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00136-7

Natasha Jansz, Damian F J Purcell

引用次数: 0

Detection of avian influenza virus in surface waters using passive samplers. 使用被动采样器检测地表水中的禽流感病毒。

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00141-w

Madison T Gouthro, Emalie K Hayes, Taylor Prest, Graham A Gagnon

{"title":"Detection of avian influenza virus in surface waters using passive samplers.","authors":"Madison T Gouthro, Emalie K Hayes, Taylor Prest, Graham A Gagnon","doi":"10.1038/s44298-025-00141-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44298-025-00141-w","url":null,"abstract":"Avian influenza (AIV) remains a global concern not only for humans as a pandemic threat but pose a risk to poultry, wildlife, and livestock. The detection of AIV in the environment traditionally has relied on reactive surveillance, limiting proactive response. This study assessed the detection of Pan-influenza A virus (Pan-FluA) and hemagglutinin subtype H5 genes in surface water using novel passive samplers and molecular analyses. Pan-FluA RNA was detected at concentrations from 2.1 × 105 to 5.6 × 1012 copies sampler-1 and H5 RNA at concentrations from 2.2 × 104 to 1.8 × 1011 copies sampler-1. Detections aligned with fall migration and waterfowl activity but also underscored the importance of monitoring interface zones influenced by wildlife, agriculture, and wastewater. Among other hemagglutinin subtypes detected, sequence analyses confirmed the presence of H5 lineages consistent with those reported for H5N1, H5N6, and H5N8. These findings ultimately demonstrate the potential of surface water surveillance as a scalable strategy for AIV detection.","PeriodicalId":520240,"journal":{"name":"Npj viruses","volume":"3 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Highly stable bacteriophages PIN1 and PIN2 have hallmarks of flagellotropic phages but infect immotile bacteria. 高度稳定的噬菌体PIN1和PIN2具有嗜鞭毛噬菌体的特征，但感染不动细菌。

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00139-4

Afif Jati, Yan Li, Andre Mu, Tze Y Thung, Huanchang Chen, Joel Steele, Han Lee, Ralf Schittenhelm, Tieli Zhou, Francesca L Short, Rhys A Dunstan, Trevor Lithgow

引用次数: 0

How influenza A virus NS1 impedes transcription of the host cell's messenger RNAs. 甲型流感病毒NS1如何阻碍宿主细胞信使rna的转录。

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00137-6

Daniel Marc

引用次数: 0

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in the United States: recent incursions and spillover to cattle. 美国高致病性H5N1禽流感：最近对牛的入侵和外溢。

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00138-5

Ahmed Mostafa, Aitor Nogales, Luis Martinez-Sobrido

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of infected keratinocytes during rabies virus infection. 探讨感染角化细胞在狂犬病病毒感染中的作用。

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00134-9

Keshia Kroh, Redwan Rahmat, Lineke Begeman, Lars W van Greuningen, Debby Schipper, Matthijs F Ravensberg, Stefan Finke, Claude Sabeta, Thijs Kuiken, Corine H GeurtsvanKessel, Carmen W E Embregts

{"title":"Exploring the role of infected keratinocytes during rabies virus infection.","authors":"Keshia Kroh, Redwan Rahmat, Lineke Begeman, Lars W van Greuningen, Debby Schipper, Matthijs F Ravensberg, Stefan Finke, Claude Sabeta, Thijs Kuiken, Corine H GeurtsvanKessel, Carmen W E Embregts","doi":"10.1038/s44298-025-00134-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44298-025-00134-9","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies virus (RABV), a lyssavirus causing fatal encephalitis, is primarily transmitted via dog bites, though superficial exposures such as scratches or bat bites can also result in infection. The mechanisms underlying transmission through these minor exposures remain unclear. This study investigated the involvement of epidermal keratinocytes in RABV entry. RABV antigen was detected in keratinocytes at inoculation sites in experimentally infected mice and at potential viral entry sites in naturally infected dogs. However, keratinocyte infection could not be replicated in ex vivo skin biopsies from mice or dogs, nor was antigen detected in pre-clinical skin samples. Furthermore, superficial exposure via the inner ear skin of mice did not result in infection. Thus, it remains unclear whether keratinocytes are initially infected or become infected later due to centrifugal spread of RABV. Nonetheless, our findings highlight the need to better understand keratinocyte involvement, especially in superficial RABV exposure.","PeriodicalId":520240,"journal":{"name":"Npj viruses","volume":"3 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HSV1 glycoprotein D utilizes an LY6-like binding domain to inhibit alpha7 nicotinic receptors. HSV1糖蛋白D利用ly6样结合域抑制α 7烟碱受体。

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00109-w

Sabina Yeasmin, Kavita Sharma, Christopher Nicolet, Laura DeCristofano, Yeganeh Ataian, Arina Ranjit, Ali Aghazadeh-Habashi, Dong Xu, Marvin Schulte

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal kinetics of the viral infection biomarker 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-cytidine in SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus and RSV human challenge models. 病毒感染生物标志物3'-脱氧-3',4'-二脱氢胞苷在SARS-CoV-2、甲型流感病毒和RSV人体攻击模型中的纵向动力学

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00132-x

Ravi Mehta, Elena Chekmeneva, Stephanie Ascough, Helen Wagstaffe, Loukas Papargyris, Malick Gibani, Ada H Y Yuen, Maria Valdivia-Garcia, Caroline Sands, María Gómez-Romero, Ewurabena A Mills, Vincenzo Sgro, Lydia Slater, Pete Dayananda, Claire Broderick, Jiayun Xu, Myrsini Kaforou, Lynn Maslen, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Andrew J Pollard, Wendy Barclay, Zoltan Takats, Christopher Chiu, Shiranee Sriskandan

{"title":"Longitudinal kinetics of the viral infection biomarker 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-cytidine in SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus and RSV human challenge models.","authors":"Ravi Mehta, Elena Chekmeneva, Stephanie Ascough, Helen Wagstaffe, Loukas Papargyris, Malick Gibani, Ada H Y Yuen, Maria Valdivia-Garcia, Caroline Sands, María Gómez-Romero, Ewurabena A Mills, Vincenzo Sgro, Lydia Slater, Pete Dayananda, Claire Broderick, Jiayun Xu, Myrsini Kaforou, Lynn Maslen, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Andrew J Pollard, Wendy Barclay, Zoltan Takats, Christopher Chiu, Shiranee Sriskandan","doi":"10.1038/s44298-025-00132-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44298-025-00132-x","url":null,"abstract":"3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-cytidine (ddhC) is a recently discovered host biomarker for viral infections, though its temporal kinetics remain unclear. This study tests the hypothesis that ddhC is an acute phase reactant, rising shortly after viral infection and subsequently falling to baseline. We leveraged the precise monitoring facilitated by human challenge studies to investigate healthy participants inoculated with SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus (H3N2), or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Using targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we quantified ddhC concentrations in serial plasma samples collected pre- and post-inoculation. In SARS-CoV-2 and H3N2 influenza A virus infection, but not RSV, ddhC levels peaked at 3-7 days post inoculation and declined to baseline by days 10-14. This pattern was also observed in asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic participants. A comparison of ddhC concentrations with matched timepoint whole blood gene expression revealed a correlation with interferon-related genes, including viperin and CMPK2-enzymes implicated in its upstream biosynthesis. Our results suggest that ddhC is a biomarker of the acute phase of viral infection, with potential to guide early interventions that reduce antimicrobial resistance and strengthen pandemic preparedness. Future work should explore ddhC dynamics in natural and experimental infections across varying severities and assess its utility in diverse populations and healthcare settings.","PeriodicalId":520240,"journal":{"name":"Npj viruses","volume":"3 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Usutu virus infection in Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). 欧亚黑鸟（Turdus merula）中Usutu病毒的实验感染。

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00133-w

Gianfilippo Agliani, Imke Visser, Eleanor M Marshall, Giuseppe Giglia, Erwin de Bruin, Ruben Verstappen, Tjomme van Mastrigt, Felicity Chandler, Reina Sikkema, Henk van der Jeugd, Marion P G Koopmans, Andrea Gröne, Barry Rockx, Judith M A van den Brand

{"title":"Experimental Usutu virus infection in Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula).","authors":"Gianfilippo Agliani, Imke Visser, Eleanor M Marshall, Giuseppe Giglia, Erwin de Bruin, Ruben Verstappen, Tjomme van Mastrigt, Felicity Chandler, Reina Sikkema, Henk van der Jeugd, Marion P G Koopmans, Andrea Gröne, Barry Rockx, Judith M A van den Brand","doi":"10.1038/s44298-025-00133-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44298-025-00133-w","url":null,"abstract":"Usutu virus (USUV) is a zoonotic arbovirus causing disease in wild birds and humans. Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula) are highly susceptible to infection, developing severe lesions with high mortality rates during outbreaks. The pathogenesis and clinical course of the acute disease in birds are not known. Therefore, six blackbirds were infected with two USUV lineages (Africa 3 and Europe 3). The blackbirds were monitored for clinical signs of disease and activity levels and were sampled for virus detection. All infected blackbirds showed severe disease after 4 to 7 days, with no significant differences between the lineages. Reaching a humane endpoint, the blackbirds were euthanized, and tissue samples were collected for histopathology and virology. At histopathology, lesions were seen in the main target organs with the associated presence of infectious virus and viral antigen. In conclusion, blackbirds can be infected experimentally with USUV and show similar disease as seen in natural infection.","PeriodicalId":520240,"journal":{"name":"Npj viruses","volume":"3 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential patterns of cross-protection against antigenically distinct variants in small animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection. 在SARS-CoV-2感染的小动物模型中，针对不同抗原变体的交叉保护的不同模式

Npj viruses Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1038/s44298-025-00125-w

Prabhuanand Selvaraj, Charles B Stauft, Shufeng Liu, Kotou Sangare, Tony T Wang

引用次数: 0

Npj viruses最新文献