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The South African economy: Its growth and change 南非经济：增长与变化
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v11i0.796
J.W.N. Ternpelhoff
{"title":"The South African economy: Its growth and change","authors":"J.W.N. Ternpelhoff","doi":"10.4102/nc.v11i0.796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v11i0.796","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cape Town in 1829 1829 年的开普敦
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v8i0.819
H. Phillips
{"title":"Cape Town in 1829","authors":"H. Phillips","doi":"10.4102/nc.v8i0.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v8i0.819","url":null,"abstract":"After the British occupation (1806) the population of Cape Town had grown slowly; by 1829 the mother-city had more than 18 000 inhabitants comprising influential English traders, Dutch-speaking persons, Free Blacks and slaves. The general hygiene of the town was bad while health services left much to be desired. Living conditions of Poor Whites and Free Blacks were most unsatisfactory and had been aggravated by poverty, poor housing, diseases, and even epidemics. Ordinance 50, promulgated in 1828, placed the indigenous peoples on an equal footing with their European counterparts and integration was also socially acceptable. Yet the society was still dependent on a system of slavery and racial differentiation was still appreciable. The inadequate harbour facilities also retarded trade and general progress. Streets were dusty and unlit and the open canals (\"grachts\") were in a filthy and insanitary state. A few tiny suburbs (e.g. Sea Point and Wynberg) existed at this stage; local government in Cape Town was exercised by a government appointed magistrate and officials. A Supreme Court was created and in 1829 ten advocates and eleven attorneys practised in Cape Town. In contrast to the relatively poor social conditions, inhabitants enjoyed the benefits of ample educational and religious facilities. The cultural life of Cape Town flourished and fair provision was made for entertainment and recreation. By 1829 Cape Town was indeed a town beginning to develop a new character, mainly as a result of the influence of British immigrants.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Die bou van die Suidwestelyn, 1895-1897, en die Nzasm-stasiegeboue op Krugersdorp en Klerksdorp 1895-1897 年水井坊之战，以及克鲁格斯多普和克拉克斯多普的恩扎姆海峡战争
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v12i0.793
C. Zietsman
{"title":"Die bou van die Suidwestelyn, 1895-1897, en die Nzasm-stasiegeboue op Krugersdorp en Klerksdorp","authors":"C. Zietsman","doi":"10.4102/nc.v12i0.793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v12i0.793","url":null,"abstract":"The Nederlandsch Zuid-Afrikaansche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NZASM) was established in 1887 with the exclusive purpose of linking the Transvaal Republic by rail with Delagoa Bay. Owing to a number of problems the construction of the so-called Randtram between Springs and Krugersdorp was tackled first. In 1893 the First Volksraad approved the railway between Krugersdorp and Klerksdorp, although it was clear right from the beginning that this line would not pay. However, after the discovery of gold near Klerksdorp and because of the alleged production potential of the Potchefstroom district and the desire to include the old Republican capital (Potchefstroom) in the Transvaal railway system, the construction of the Suidwestelyn (South-western line) went on. Construction had started during July 1895 and on 3 August 1897 the line was open for traffic. The old NZASM station buildings at Krugersdorp and Klerksdorp are still standing and, as they are two of the few elegant station buildings erected by the NZASM, should be preserved as symbols of the Suidwestelyn.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Torbanite - 'n dorp te koop 托尔班石--"出售的村庄
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v9i0.812
R. Lombard
{"title":"Torbanite - 'n dorp te koop","authors":"R. Lombard","doi":"10.4102/nc.v9i0.812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v9i0.812","url":null,"abstract":"In 1893 J.J. Janecke discovered cannel coal (torbanite) on his farm Mooifontein between Ermelo and Breyten. A subsequent owner named Stanford shipped one ton of torbanite to Scotland where 190 litres of oil was distilled from it. In 1934 the South African Torbanite Mining Company Ltd. (SA TMAR) was established to extract oil from torbanite and in 1936 the first Satmar petroleum reached the market. In the years that followed the company expanded rapidly and became of great economic importance to the area, but by 1960 the economic exploitable torbanite gave out and mining was stopped. Torbanite, the town established at the mine, was for sale but as nobody was interested in buying it, it was eventually demolished.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141655379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bloemfontein - die ontstaan van 'n stad 1846-1946 布隆方丹--一座城市的诞生 1846-1946
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v9i0.807
C. C. Eloff
{"title":"Bloemfontein - die ontstaan van 'n stad 1846-1946","authors":"C. C. Eloff","doi":"10.4102/nc.v9i0.807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v9i0.807","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141655477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Onder-Kouga: Oorsig van 'n kontrei 库加地下城: Oorsig van 'n kontrei
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v14i0.779
O.J.O. Ferreira
{"title":"Onder-Kouga: Oorsig van 'n kontrei","authors":"O.J.O. Ferreira","doi":"10.4102/nc.v14i0.779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v14i0.779","url":null,"abstract":"Lower-Kouga, situated north of the Langkloof Valley, was mentioned by early travellers, but was probably never visited by them. The earliest indication of Whites living in the region is found in a reference by Thunberg written in 1773. By 1815 all the most important farms in the Lower-Kouga were already occupied. The population lives in scattered communities and the region is still the heartland of the Gerbers and Ferreiras. The harshness of the region resulted in the inhabitants' developing a specific character, while topographical factors influenced the outlay of farms and the construction of homes. Citrus production was originally the main source of income, but in course of time has been replaced, in importance, by stock-farming and deciduous fruits. The seclusion of the region was only ended during the late 1930s, but owing to the work of clergy, local members of the church council, and teachers at farm schools, mental and moral decay did not set in. The seclusion did, however, influence recreational activities and eating habits, and aided the development of home remedies. The gradual depopulation of the Lower-Kouga is an ongoing process, but with its beautiful scenery the region has tourist potential.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fort England as a military base 作为军事基地的英格兰堡
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v8i0.820
Sally Sampson
{"title":"Fort England as a military base","authors":"Sally Sampson","doi":"10.4102/nc.v8i0.820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v8i0.820","url":null,"abstract":"Fort England, today a mental institution in Grahamstown, was originally known as the East Barracks. It was a focal point of the infant settlement of the unit which evolved into the Cape Mounted Rifles. Though it never became more than a barracks in effect, its name was changed to Fort England in 1832. For fifty years the 'fort' served as the military headquarters of the Eastern Frontier (except for a brief spell when the headquarters was at King William's Town). It was closely integrated not only with military defence, but with the medical, social, and civic development of Grahamstown, until the Imperial troops withdrew in 1870.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The 'small Greek cities' of the Cape Peninsula 开普半岛的 "希腊小城
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v10i0.804
Elizabeth B. Van Heyningen
{"title":"The 'small Greek cities' of the Cape Peninsula","authors":"Elizabeth B. Van Heyningen","doi":"10.4102/nc.v10i0.804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v10i0.804","url":null,"abstract":"At the turn of the nineteenth century the numerous small municipalities of the Cape Peninsula were clearly in need of reorganisation. For this reason the Cape Peninsula Commission of 1902 was instituted to investigate the position and make recommendations for improvement. The majority report urged the amalgamation of most of the towns into a single body, while the minority report suggested two smaller corporations. Neither recommendation was adopted, however, for despite their dependence on one another for basic utilities the municipalities clung fiercely to their autonomy and resisted any change.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The history of nature conservation in Sandton 桑顿的自然保护历史
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v11i0.798
E. Carruthers
{"title":"The history of nature conservation in Sandton","authors":"E. Carruthers","doi":"10.4102/nc.v11i0.798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v11i0.798","url":null,"abstract":"In this article one of the pioneering efforts to conserve nature in urban areas in South Africa is examined. The town of Sandton was founded in 1969 by combining suburbs and small-holdings to the north of Johannesburg in an independent local authority. From the outset the Town Council had attempted to balance the urban and natural environments in order to enhance the quality of life for the residents and to conserve portions of the highveld within the town lands. Although these far-sighted and bold moves were widely acclaimed at the time, conservation is no longer a priority in Sandton's local government. The central government, however, is now taking steps to ensure that the natural environment is not completely obliterated by urban development.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Rustig vloei die Moreletta ..: Geskiedenis van Silverton, Meyerspark, Salieshoek, La Concorde, Wilgers, Murrayfield, Val de Grace, Lydiana, La Montagne, Brummeria, Georgeville, Navors, met herinneringe van ou inwoners 静静流淌的莫雷莱塔.....：西威尔顿、迈尔斯帕克、圣人角、拉协和、威尔杰斯、默里菲尔德、瓦尔德格雷斯、莱迪亚纳、拉蒙塔涅、布伦梅里亚、乔治维尔、纳沃斯的历史，以及其他居民的回忆
IF 0.1
New Contree Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.4102/nc.v9i0.808
A. G. Oberholster
{"title":"Rustig vloei die Moreletta ..: Geskiedenis van Silverton, Meyerspark, Salieshoek, La Concorde, Wilgers, Murrayfield, Val de Grace, Lydiana, La Montagne, Brummeria, Georgeville, Navors, met herinneringe van ou inwoners","authors":"A. G. Oberholster","doi":"10.4102/nc.v9i0.808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v9i0.808","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":52000,"journal":{"name":"New Contree","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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