Macromolecules最新文献

{"title":"Coupled Photoisomerization, Chain Reorientation, and Shape Deformation in Main-Chain Azobenzene Polymer Particles Prepared by Heterogeneous Radical-Mediated Thiol–Ene Polyaddition","authors":"Tomomichi Itoh,&nbsp;Shoma Yamamoto,&nbsp;Yuito Takechi,&nbsp;Yuki Itoh,&nbsp;Hiroaki Shimomoto,&nbsp;Eiji Ihara","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c02195","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c02195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Main-chain azobenzene polymers provide a unique platform in which photoisomerization is directly coupled to backbone conformation and molecular ordering. Herein, we report the synthesis of noncrosslinked main-chain azobenzene polymer particles by heterogeneous radical-mediated thiol–ene polyaddition of a divinyl azobenzene and a dithiol. Particle formation proceeded through polymerization-induced liquid–liquid phase separation followed by solidification, revealing characteristic features of particle formation in this step-growth polymerization system. The resulting particles developed ordered internal structures, whose domain configurations were controllable by thermal treatment. Photoisomerization of the azobenzene units induced changes in chain conformation, altered chain ordering, and enabled shape changes of mechanically deformed particles. These findings establish heterogeneous radical-mediated thiol–ene polyaddition as a molecular-design strategy for propagating azobenzene photoisomerization into backbone conformational, structural, and mechanical responses in polymer particles.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"10687–10699"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the Effect of Crystalline Microfibrillar Superstructures on the Superior Impact Strength of Neat Polylactide Sheets by Controlling Prestretching Temperatures above the Glass Transition Temperature","authors":"Wanyu Wang,&nbsp;Zhigang Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01693","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01693","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The fabrication of high-strength and super-tough polylactide (PLA) products without the addition of any foreign toughening agents remains a significant challenge, particularly in building up the quantitative relationship between crystalline microfibrillar superstructures and impact toughness. In this work, an exceptional combination of both high notched Izod impact strength and tensile strength for neat PLA sheets has been achieved by prestretching PLA in the temperature range from 60 to 80 °C, slightly above the glass transition temperature of neat PLA. Different from our previous study that primarily focused on the qualitative function of fibrillar superstructures consisting of shish-kebab microstructures, this work makes an effort to systematically establish a quantitative correlation between the crystalline fibrosis parameters, namely crystallinity (<em>x</em>_c), the degree of orientation for microfibrils (&lt;<em>P</em>₂&gt;), and the microfibrillar aspect ratio (<em>l</em>_f/<em>D)</em>, and the notched Izod impact strength. Comprehensive characterizations, including polarized optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, small-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle light scattering, and differential scanning calorimetry, reveal that the formation of highly oriented crystalline microfibrillar superstructures, composed of interlocked shish-kebab microstructures and oriented PLA amorphous chains, governs the toughening behavior. A unified crystalline fibrosis parameter (<em>x</em>_c&lt;<em>P</em>₂&gt;<em>l</em>_f/<em>D)</em> is proposed, which exhibits a linear correlation with the notched Izod impact strength across all prestretching temperatures, demonstrating its temperature-dependent predictive capability. This finding provides a quantitative framework for understanding the toughening mechanism for prestretched neat PLA bulk materials and offers a new pathway for designing self-reinforced polymer materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"11044–11060"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148726350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermolecular Interactions between Polyethylene, Water, and Potential Antistatic and Slip Additives: A Molecular Dynamics Study","authors":"María del Mar Cammarata,&nbsp;R. Martin Negri,&nbsp;Rocio Semino","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01331","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01331","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Additives are essential to enhance or modify the properties of plastics for target applications. However, finding appropriate additives may be challenging, since we lack knowledge on their interactions with plastics and moisture, and the interplay between them. In this work, we study stearoyl diethanolamine (commercial antistatic additive for polyolefins) as well as two amphiphilic molecules as potential new additives for their antistatic or slip properties in polyethylene by means of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We reveal that additive/water interactions and relative solubility are strongly determined by their relative ratios. The polyethylene model thin film adopts a crystalline core and an amorphous-like surface, with polymer chain terminations predominantly located at the surface of the slab. Water forms a layer on top of the polymer surface or droplets when its concentration is lowered, but it never enters the polymer matrix. All additives interact with water mainly by their polar heads, with water acting as a hydrogen bond acceptor or donor depending on the additive. The additives studied exhibit remarkably different structures when they are mixed with the polymer: two of them enter the polymer matrix to various degrees, either by intercalating their chains with the polyethylene ones or by forming micellar-like structures, while the third one stays at the surface. When water is incorporated into the system, the structure of some of the additive/polyethylene systems changes. The magnitude and nature of these changes depend on the relative concentrations of all species and on the nature of the additive. The additives penetrate and organize the polymer to some extent, depending on whether water is present. We find that the ethoxylated amine additive orients its polar heads to the surface and its non-polar tail to the center of the film, consistent with its antistatic properties and migratory behavior. We propose that one of our two modeled molecules could have promising properties as a slip agent, as its behavior in the PE matrix resembles that of the industrial slip agent erucamide. We hope that our predictions will spark interest in testing these molecules in the laboratory as polyethylene additives and in performing similar studies for other additive/polymer pairs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"10631–10644"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149049577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal, Viscoelastic, and Dielectric Properties of Vinylimidazolium-Based Poly(ionic liquid)/Ionic Liquid Mixtures","authors":"Atsushi Matsumoto,&nbsp;Haruki Izutsu,&nbsp;Hiroto Aoki,&nbsp;Kensei Otsuka,&nbsp;Osamu Urakawa,&nbsp;Tadashi Inoue,&nbsp;Shinji Sugihara,&nbsp;Yasushi Maeda","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01159","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01159","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poly(ionic liquid)/ionic liquid mixtures are promising polymer electrolyte materials, yet their ion transport mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigate the thermal, viscoelastic, and dielectric properties of mixtures of poly(1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) (PC₄-TFSI) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Bmim-TFSI). Differential scanning calorimetry reveals two glass transitions at intermediate compositions, indicating local compositional heterogeneity. Linear viscoelastic measurements show that Bmim-TFSI acts as a conventional plasticizer, modifying polymer dynamics while following typical scaling behavior for polymer solutions. Dielectric analysis demonstrates that ion transport becomes increasingly decoupled from structural relaxation with increasing polymer fraction, with a maximum at intermediate compositions. Comparison of dielectric and viscoelastic relaxation spectra reveals that ion transport is governed by structural relaxation in homogeneous systems, but becomes decoupled in heterogeneous mixtures, where ions preferentially migrate through regions associated with the lower glass transition. These results highlight the key role of local heterogeneity in ion transport and provide insights for designing high-performance polymer electrolytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"11090–11104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149049797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Structure and Dynamics in Melts and Glasses of Polyzwitterions1","authors":"Qinyu Zhu,&nbsp;Rajeev Kumar","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c00583","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c00583","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polyzwitterions are a class of polyampholytes containing equal numbers of positive and negative charges bonded together within each repeating monomer. The electrostatic interactions and the chain connectivity are believed to be the most important factors in affecting local ordering and dynamics in the melts and glasses of polyzwitterions, leading to their high glass transition temperatures and low fragilities. In this study, we use coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations with explicit charges on side groups to study the effects of electrostatic interactions and chain architecture on the static structure factor, the glass transition temperature (<em>T</em>_g), segmental dynamics, fragility index, and temperature- and frequency-dependent dielectric responses of polyzwitterions. Comparisons of the results obtained for polyzwitterions containing zwitterions on the side groups with additional simulations of uncharged linear chains and polymers bearing uncharged side groups reveal a key role played by the chain architecture in affecting the local packing. However, the electrostatic interactions are found to dominate the dynamic behavior, as evidenced by the elevated <em>T</em>_g, slower segmental and dipole relaxation dynamics, and reduced fragility indices. Finally, we construct the dielectric spectra from simulations to assist in the interpretation of experimental measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"11229–11246"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Relative Rigidities of Backbone and Arms on Conformational and Dynamical Characteristics of Branched Ring Polymer in Shear Flow","authors":"Xinbiao Huang,&nbsp;Xiaohui Wen,&nbsp;Christos N. Likos,&nbsp;Rundong Li,&nbsp;Zhuling Jiang,&nbsp;Yao Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01211","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01211","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate how the relative rigidities of the backbone and arms influence the conformational and dynamical properties of branched ring polymers (BRPs) under steady shear flow, using a hybrid mesoscale simulation approach that combines multiparticle collision dynamics with standard molecular dynamics. Our results reveal that both the conformational characteristics and the dynamic behavior of the BRP are strongly dependent on the relative rigidities of the backbone and arms and especially on the latter. As the shear rate increases, for the BRP with a flexible backbone and flexible arms, it first tends toward a more prolate shape, then toward a more spherically symmetric shape, and finally reverts to a more prolate shape. Meanwhile, its dynamic behavior evolves from random alternation between tumbling (TB) and tank-treading (TT) motions (TB-dominated) to stable TB motion and finally to a coexistence of both motions. For the BRP with a stiff backbone and flexible arms, its conformational evolution resembles that of the BRP with a flexible backbone and flexible arms. In contrast, it undergoes TB motion exclusively. For the BRP with a flexible backbone and stiff arms, it first tends toward a more prolate shape and then transitions to a more spherically symmetric shape. Meanwhile, its dynamic behavior evolves from random alternation between TB and TT motions (TT-dominated) to almost exclusive TT motion. For the BRP with a stiff backbone and stiff arms, it first tends toward a more prolate shape, then transitions to a more spherically symmetric shape, and finally shifts toward a more oblate shape. Meanwhile, its dynamic behavior evolves from predominant TB motion with occasional TT motion to predominant TT motion with occasional TB motion.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"10843–10854"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Ethylene–Styrene Copolymers by N‑Heterocycle‑Fused Scandium Catalysts: Tuning Mechanical Properties and Enhancing LDPE/PS Compatibility","authors":"Bo Wang,&nbsp;Yanhui Wang,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang,&nbsp;Dongmei Cui,&nbsp;Shihui Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01702","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01702","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ethylene–styrene (E–St) copolymers with long polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) sequences have attracted considerable interest owing to their distinctive physical and mechanical properties, as well as their potential to facilitate the recycling of incompatible PE/PS waste streams. Herein, we synthesized <em>N</em>-heterocycle-fused cyclopentadienyl scandium complexes <strong>1–4</strong> and evaluated their performance in E–St copolymerization. Complex <strong>2</strong> exhibited the highest activity and precise sequence control, affording high-molecular-weight copolymers (<em>M</em>_n up to 40.2 × 10⁴ g·mol^–1) across a wide styrene composition range (5.2–73.1 mol %). The mechanical behavior of these copolymers was strongly composition-dependent: the 73.1 mol % St copolymer displayed hard, brittle fracture (σ_B = 57.0 MPa, ε_B = 6.2%), surpassing syndiotactic polystyrene (σ_B = 38.1 MPa, ε_B = 3.4%), whereas below 62.9 mol % St, a ductile transition occurred, with 28.8 mol % copolymer reaching an impact resistance of 125 kJ/m² (vs 98 kJ/m² for HDPE). This superior toughness enabled effective compatibilization of LDPE/PS blends; addition of 5–20 wt % of the 33.2 mol % St copolymer substantially improved tensile strength and elongation at break.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"10760–10769"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149049759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Sparsely Patterned Polymer Brushes for Guiding Block Copolymers to Form Large-Scale Ordered Lines","authors":"Wenjing Zheng,&nbsp;Weihua Li,&nbsp;Qingliang Song","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01537","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01537","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Directed self-assembly (DSA), which combines the self-assembly of block copolymers with conventional photolithography, can improve lithographic precision by achieving density multiplication, and is thus regarded as one of the promising next-generation lithography techniques. One of the most applicable patterns fabricated via DSA is the high-density vertical stripe pattern, and its core challenge lies in controlling the defect concentration to an extremely low level. In principle, a properly designed guiding pattern can direct symmetric AB diblock copolymers to form thermodynamically stable stripes without any defects. However, guiding patterns generally have multiple critical parameters that are difficult to synergistically optimize in experiments, which lowers the thermodynamic stability of perfect stripe structures and accordingly increases the probability of generating defects. In this work, large-scale simulations are performed using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the self-assembly of AB diblock copolymers guided by patterned templates consisting of periodically grafted homopolymer brushes and random copolymer brushes, focusing on the influences of the chemical affinity of homopolymer brushes, the length of polymer brushes, and the composition of copolymer brushes on the directing effect. Taking two-fold density multiplication (i.e., DM = 2) as an example, we find that individually increasing the chemical affinity or the brush length can broaden the compositional window of the copolymer brushes for forming defect-free stripes, yet the broadening effect is limited. Simultaneous optimization of these two key parameters can widen the compositional window to a much larger degree. It is revealed at the molecular scale that excessively strong affinity and overly long polymer brushes disrupt the formation of vertical stripes. Furthermore, a typical set of optimized parameters obtained for DM = 2 is directly applied to the case of DM = 3, and defect-free vertical stripes are successfully obtained in a number of independent simulations within a large area of 21<em>L</em>₀ × 21<em>L</em>₀ (<em>L</em>₀ denotes the stripe period).</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"10645–10657"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149091652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coaxial Printing Strategy for Fabricating Hydrogel-Based Fiber Sensors with High Flexibility and Consistency","authors":"Shiqiang Zhang,&nbsp;Jingjiang Qiu,&nbsp;Juan Zhang,&nbsp;Wenlong Yu,&nbsp;Jiyu Chen,&nbsp;Guochen Qi,&nbsp;Ming Zhai,&nbsp;Tianshui Liang,&nbsp;Zhen Zhou,&nbsp;Fei Duan,&nbsp;Liying Jiang,&nbsp;Ronghan Wei,&nbsp;Zhongwei Guo","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01630","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01630","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogel fibers are of great interest in soft bioelectronics due to their miniature size, high flexibility, and excellent compatibility with biological tissues. However, it remains challenging to maintain structural and sensing performance stability during large-scale fabrication. Here, we integrate coaxial extrusion with an “in situ crosslinking” approach inside a light-transmitting capillary to continuously fabricate elastic, conductive core–shell hydrogel fiber sensors. The sheath comprises methacrylated recombinant human collagen (RHC-MA), whereas a thixotropic nanoclay/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) composite forms the conductive core. Rapid photocrosslinking stabilizes the low-viscosity RHC-MA sheath during extrusion, while the nanoclay network limits interlayer mixing and supports a distinct core–shell geometry. Adjusting the core flow rate enables a transition from linear to helical core architectures without nozzle rotation or a coagulation bath. Meter-scale fibers were fabricated and integrated with a wireless acquisition system and a multilayer perceptron for gesture recognition, achieving an accuracy of 95.1%. This strategy broadens the processing window for low-viscosity photocrosslinkable biomacromolecular inks and provides a scalable route to structurally tune hydrogel fiber sensors (HFSs).</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"10930–10941"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149092473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terminal Crosslinking Programs Dynamic Entanglement Networks in Fatigue-Resistant Polyisoprene Elastomers","authors":"Shiqi Li,&nbsp;Jian Cao,&nbsp;Yongqiang Ming,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Yao,&nbsp;Yijing Nie,&nbsp;Xiancheng Ren,&nbsp;Yun-Xiang Xu","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01387","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01387","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The fatigue resistance of elastomers is fundamentally governed by molecular entanglements, yet existing approaches depend on preserving entanglements inherited from polymer synthesis—imposing strict constraints on molecular weight and processing while yielding static network topologies. Here we report terminal crosslinking and entanglement networks (TCENs), a strategy that programs topological constraint networks. Reactive methacrylate or olefinic groups installed exclusively at polyisoprene chain termini undergo preferential crosslinking, generating locally concentrated crosslink architectures interlaced with exchangeable polysulfide linkages. Double-quantum NMR confirms up to 16% higher entanglement density and 31% fewer network defects relative to conventionally crosslinked polyisoprene. The optimized elastomer achieves a fatigue threshold of 1458 J m^–2 (tenfold enhancement), elevenfold improved fracture toughness, and retains over 97.8% of its dynamic stiffness after 5 × 10⁵ loading cycles, while maintaining low hysteresis, it even outperformed natural rubber (NR). Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that dynamic sulfur bond exchange coupled with strain-responsive crosslink-enriched regions enables adaptive stress redistribution. This topology-programming concept provides a scalable route to high-performance elastomers fully compatible with industrial vulcanization.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"59 19","pages":"11170–11183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}