Macromolecules最新文献_第3页

Flexible Membranes of Fused Block Copolymer Vesicles for CO2 Separation 用于CO2分离的熔融嵌段共聚物囊泡柔性膜

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00838

Guangran Shao, Ming Yuan, Xiaohua Tong, Fuyang Hu, Wangqing Zhang

引用次数: 0

One-Step, Four-Fold Schiff Base Reaction Constructing a Highly Fused π-Extended Lactam Acceptor toward n-Type Polymer 一步四重席夫碱反应构建n型聚合物的高融合π扩展内酰胺受体

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00020

Zhihui Chen, Yankai Zhou, Qian Che, Weifeng Zhang, Hao Li, Hao Luo, Shuai Yang, Liping Wang, Gui Yu

{"title":"One-Step, Four-Fold Schiff Base Reaction Constructing a Highly Fused π-Extended Lactam Acceptor toward n-Type Polymer","authors":"Zhihui Chen, Yankai Zhou, Qian Che, Weifeng Zhang, Hao Li, Hao Luo, Shuai Yang, Liping Wang, Gui Yu","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00020","url":null,"abstract":"Fused lactam electron-deficient building blocks are significant for the advancement of n-type donor–acceptor (D–A) polymeric semiconductors; however, they are rarely reported due to the challenges associated with tedious synthetic routes, strict experimental operations, multiple purifications, and unstable intermediates. Herein, a highly fused electron-deficient lactam building block, as a novel acceptor unit, 6,15-bis(4-octadecyldocosyl)-6,15-dihydroisoquinolino[3,4-b]isoquinoline[4’,3′:5,6]pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline-5,14-dione (IIPQD), was easily synthesized via a one-step 4-fold Schiff base reaction. This IIPQD unit features a rigid π-extended conjugation skeleton, which facilitates the construction of planar polymer backbones and dense, ordered packing motifs for charge transport, as well as a strong electron-withdrawing capacity for electron injection, stemming from the synergistic electron-withdrawing effects of its lactam structures and 1,4-pyrazine moieties. Consequently, the IIPQD-based D–A copolymer PIIPQD-BTF showed typical n-type charge transport characteristics. These results highlight that Schiff base synthesis of fused π-extended electron-deficient lactam building blocks has great potential in developing electron-deficient building blocks and n-type polymer semiconductors.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Universal Viscoelastic Response of Body-Centered-Cubic Block Copolymer Solutions: Time–Temperature–Concentration Superposition 体心立方嵌段共聚物溶液的通用粘弹性响应：时间-温度-浓度叠加

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00423

Taehyoung Kim, Joanna M. White, Frank S. Bates, Timothy P. Lodge

{"title":"Universal Viscoelastic Response of Body-Centered-Cubic Block Copolymer Solutions: Time–Temperature–Concentration Superposition","authors":"Taehyoung Kim, Joanna M. White, Frank S. Bates, Timothy P. Lodge","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00423","url":null,"abstract":"The microstructure and dynamic mechanical behavior of ordered block copolymer solutions are critical for tailoring the properties for various applications. While the microstructural evolution of block copolymers with polymer concentration is well understood, its correlation with rheological behavior remains insufficiently explored. In this study, we uncovered a universal relationship between the linear viscoelastic behavior and concentration of cubic ordered block copolymer solutions using a time–temperature–concentration superposition (tTcS) principle. Specifically, a polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-alt-propylene) (SEP) copolymer (Mn = 75.2 kDa, Đ = 1.05, and fPS = 0.18) dissolved in squalane was employed as a model system. The asymmetric SEP self-assembled into a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure across all concentrations, from 10% to the bulk. Increasing SEP content induced changes in both micelle and ordered lattice structures, resulting in higher aggregation numbers and reduced intermicelle distances. As the micelles became more closely packed, the enhanced entanglement of the corona chains influenced the rheological properties, establishing a direct correlation with the microstructural changes. The concentration-dependent horizontal shift factor (ac) in the block copolymer solutions exhibited a stronger dependence on the degree of entanglement of corona chains compared to typical homopolymer solutions. This behavior arises from the terminally anchored PEP chains, which follows an exponential relationship with the degree of entanglement as in star polymers. In contrast, the vertical shift factor (bc) reflected lattice elasticity dictated by the density of corona chains, which is directly determined by the intermicelle distance and aggregation number.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chain Motion and Energy Variation of Dynamic Cross-Linked Polymers 动态交联聚合物的链运动和能量变化

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00132

Xiaoxu Liu, Zilu Liu, Jing Bai, Fei Chen

{"title":"Chain Motion and Energy Variation of Dynamic Cross-Linked Polymers","authors":"Xiaoxu Liu, Zilu Liu, Jing Bai, Fei Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00132","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic cross-linked polymers have garnered attention due to their recyclable nature. Research on constructing dynamic cross-linked polymers with various dynamic chemical bonds has achieved numerous outstanding outcomes. Nevertheless, studies on mechanisms such as polymer chains’ movement, energy transformation, and dissipation within the dynamic cross-linked network have been relatively scarce, which is the essential determinant for the ambient-temperature usage and high-temperature recycling characteristics of dynamic cross-linked polymers. This research uses the widely studied dynamic imine bonds as a representative to investigate dynamic cross-linked polymers. Through the utilization of rheological tests, the dynamic and static properties were tested and analyzed at the polymer chain level, explaining the mechanical property stability of dynamic cross-linked polymers during ambient-temperature service and the influence of dynamic performance on the energy dissipation mechanism, further clarifying the potential application mechanism in materials such as shock absorption. Simultaneously, it also demonstrated the polymer chain structure basis for their recycling.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Premechanical Training Enables Mechanical Reinforcement of Dynamic Covalent Polymer Networks: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations 预机械训练使动态共价聚合物网络的机械强化：从分子动力学模拟的见解

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c03208

Qionghai Chen, Pengwei Duan, Liqun Zhang, Jun Liu

{"title":"Premechanical Training Enables Mechanical Reinforcement of Dynamic Covalent Polymer Networks: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations","authors":"Qionghai Chen, Pengwei Duan, Liqun Zhang, Jun Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.4c03208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.4c03208","url":null,"abstract":"To address the growing demand for highly tunable mechanical properties in polymer networks, this study introduces a novel premechanical training (PMT) method based on bond exchange reactions (BERs), which allows for extensive modulation and tailoring of mechanical properties by inducing polymer network anisotropy. The PMT process can modulate the alignment of linear polymer ends according to the uniaxial deformation ratio λ during the BER phase: they tend to align parallel and perpendicular to the Z-axis (deformation direction) for λ < 1.00 and λ > 1.00, respectively. The degree of alignment is intensified by increasing the deviation of λ from 1.00 and extending the BER duration. This oriented arrangement of linear polymers induces anisotropy in the polymer network, which is fundamental for achieving the modulation of mechanical properties. When linear polymers tend to be aligned parallel to the Z-axis (λ < 1.00), significant enhancements in tensile strength, storage modulus, and toughness are achieved. In contrast, perpendicular alignment of linear polymers results in increased loss factor and fracture strain. More importantly, based on this mechanical property modulation mechanism, further personalization of mechanical properties can be achieved. In summary, this PMT approach leveraging BERs provides a versatile and effective strategy for modulating and tailoring the overall mechanical properties of polymer networks, offering substantial potential for the development of high-performance polymeric materials.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strengthening and Self-Reinforcement of Polyacrylamide/Chitosan Hydrogel through Salting-Out Treatment and Mechanical Training 经盐析处理和机械训练的聚丙烯酰胺/壳聚糖水凝胶的强化与自强化

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00199

Danming Zhong, Junwei Xu, Kai Zhu, Hua Yang, Shaoxing Qu

{"title":"Strengthening and Self-Reinforcement of Polyacrylamide/Chitosan Hydrogel through Salting-Out Treatment and Mechanical Training","authors":"Danming Zhong, Junwei Xu, Kai Zhu, Hua Yang, Shaoxing Qu","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00199","url":null,"abstract":"Applications of hydrogels─such as in biomimetic artificial muscles─demand a high capacity for large deformation, exceptional strength, and unique self-reinforcement properties. However, designing hydrogels that combine all these attributes remains a challenge. In this work, we strengthen the polyacrylamide/chitosan composite hydrogel by employing a salting-out treatment. Subsequent mechanical training through cyclic loading induces self-reinforcement: when the external deformation exceeds the training deformation, i.e., the historical maximal stretch ratio, the hydrogel exhibits a higher stress compared to the case of monotonic loading. The mechanisms of strengthening and self-reinforcement were elucidated through a combination of mechanical experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The strengthening of the hydrogel is attributed to the aggregation of chitosan chains, driven by both the shielding of electrostatic repulsion and hydrophobic association. Additionally, cyclic loading promotes the integration of residual dissociated chitosan chains into these aggregated chains, forming larger and stronger cluster domains that further reinforce the hydrogel. Moreover, hydrogels treated with a lower concentration of sodium chloride solution exhibited more pronounced self-reinforcement, a phenomenon effectively explained by the proposed physical picture. This work offers deeper insights into the mechanisms of hydrogel self-reinforcement and provides valuable guidance for designing hydrogels with superior self-reinforcement, thereby presenting a feasible method for developing soft biomimetic devices.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mobility and Stability Enhancements of Conjugated Polymers with Diastereomeric Conjugation Break Spacers in Organic Electrochemical Transistors 非对映体共轭断裂间隔剂增强有机电化学晶体管中共轭聚合物的迁移率和稳定性

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c02798

Shang-Wen Su, Hiroya Shimizu, Megumi Matsuda, Pin-Hong Chen, Yi-Hsuan Tung, Yu-Chun Huang, Chia-Ying Li, Tomoya Higashihara, Yan-Cheng Lin

{"title":"Mobility and Stability Enhancements of Conjugated Polymers with Diastereomeric Conjugation Break Spacers in Organic Electrochemical Transistors","authors":"Shang-Wen Su, Hiroya Shimizu, Megumi Matsuda, Pin-Hong Chen, Yi-Hsuan Tung, Yu-Chun Huang, Chia-Ying Li, Tomoya Higashihara, Yan-Cheng Lin","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.4c02798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.4c02798","url":null,"abstract":"Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) offer promising advantages, such as high sensitivity, biocompatibility, and efficient ion-to-electron coupling, making them ideal for bioelectronics applications. However, challenges remain in long-term stability and doping efficiency. This study addresses these issues by incorporating conjugation break spacers (CBS) into poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-thiophene-vinylene-thiophene), introducing controlled torsion and intrinsic porosity. Among the synthesized polymers, ISB, featuring an isosorbide-based CBS with mixed endo/exoconfiguration, achieved a hole mobility of 0.839 cm2·V–1·s–1 and 74% current retention over 100 cycles, outperforming the reference P0 (0.351 cm2·V–1·s–1, 26%). Its superior OECT performance is attributed to stable molecular ordering, rapid ion transport, and reversible doping behavior. In contrast, IID, with an isoidide-based CBS, exhibited low mobility (0.0092 cm2·V–1·s–1) and poor structural order, while IMN, with an isomannide-based CBS, showed intermediate performance with limited long-term stability. This work presents a CBS-based conjugated polymer design strategy to balance mobility and stability, offering new insights into high-performance bioelectronic materials.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Noncrystallizable Comonomers in Polyethylene on Crystallization, Semicrystalline Morphology, Intracrystalline Dynamics, and Linear Mechanical Properties 聚乙烯中不可结晶共聚单体对结晶、半晶形态、晶内动力学和线性力学性能的影响

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00283

Shiyan Li, Albrecht Petzold, Asheesh Ranga, Qiang Yu, Marthinus van Niekerk, Thomas Thurn-Albrecht, Yongfeng Men

{"title":"Effect of Noncrystallizable Comonomers in Polyethylene on Crystallization, Semicrystalline Morphology, Intracrystalline Dynamics, and Linear Mechanical Properties","authors":"Shiyan Li, Albrecht Petzold, Asheesh Ranga, Qiang Yu, Marthinus van Niekerk, Thomas Thurn-Albrecht, Yongfeng Men","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00283","url":null,"abstract":"An extended SAXS quantitative model incorporating a diffuse interface was developed in this study to analyze the SAXS data of polyethylene and its copolymers with varying comonomer contents. The structural characterization was performed on one high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and three ethylene copolymers with similar molecular weights and distributions. Results showed that while copolymers have a larger diffuse interface than HDPE, this parameter remains unaffected by the comonomer content or isothermal crystallization temperature. Time-resolved SAXS analysis revealed distinct structural characteristics: HDPE as a typical crystal-mobile polymer undergoes lamellar thickening during primary crystallization, while increased comonomer incorporation suppresses lamellar thickening and broadens amorphous layer distribution, tuning the morphology of the material to that of crystal-fixed ones. Dynamic mechanical measurements confirmed that with increasing comonomer content the αc-relaxation is more and more suppressed, limiting the chain mobility in the crystals. Temperature-dependent AFM illustrates the effect of this suppression on morphology, with thick lamellae forming at high temperatures and thinner ones filling gaps at lower temperatures. This study underscores the strong link between short-chain branching, microstructure, and macroscopic properties of polyethylene-based materials.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144104510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facile Synthesis of Trialkylamine Oxide-Modified Platinum Polymer Probes for Mass Cytometry 氧化三烷基胺修饰的铂聚合物探针的简易合成

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00729

Tianjia Yang, Xu Chen, Andrea Tsz Yan Lee, Edmond C. N. Wong, Yang Liu, Daniel Majonis, Mitchell A. Winnik

{"title":"Facile Synthesis of Trialkylamine Oxide-Modified Platinum Polymer Probes for Mass Cytometry","authors":"Tianjia Yang, Xu Chen, Andrea Tsz Yan Lee, Edmond C. N. Wong, Yang Liu, Daniel Majonis, Mitchell A. Winnik","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00729","url":null,"abstract":"Mass cytometry is a powerful, high-throughput single-cell analysis technique that uses metal-tagged antibodies detected via inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Current reagents use metal-chelating polymers (MCPs) for hard metal ions, but expanding to soft metal ions could significantly improve multiplexing. However, high nonspecific binding and poor water solubility have been challenges for polymer reagents, with chelators for soft metal ions. To address this, we synthesized a polyacrylamide polymer with dipicolylamine (DPA) pendant groups by reacting poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate) with a lysine-based DPA chelator. To enhance the water solubility of Pt2+-loaded poly(DPA), we modified DPA units with trialkylamine amine oxide (TAAO) molecules. Further treatment with glutathione to displace the Pt–Cl bond yielded polymers with enhanced water solubility and low nonspecific binding to peripheral blood mononuclear cells in mass cytometry analyses. We also prepared a water-soluble TAAO polymer through postpolymerization modification of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT). The oxidation reaction simultaneously cleaved the trithiocarbonate end group and introduced the TAAO functionality. The resulting polyTAAO was conjugated to poly(DPA) through an amine end group, producing a highly soluble polymer, even without glutathione modification. Pt polymers modified with polyTAAO exhibited ultralow nonspecific binding in mass cytometry. A polyTAAO-modified Pt probe was conjugated to an anti-CD20 antibody and used for labeling peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This probe demonstrated effective cell population identification comparable to that of commercial Maxpar reagents. This work advances zwitterionic materials for biological applications and develops novel MCPs for next-generation mass cytometry reagents.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144104080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probability Method of Molecular Size, Polydispersity, and Branch Unit Distribution Function for the Three-Dimensional Polymers: A Continuation of Flory’s Work in 1941 三维聚合物的分子大小、多分散性和分支单位分布函数的概率方法：Flory在1941年工作的延续

IF 5.5 1区化学

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00090

Yinghao Li, Jing Lyu, Wenxin Wang

{"title":"Probability Method of Molecular Size, Polydispersity, and Branch Unit Distribution Function for the Three-Dimensional Polymers: A Continuation of Flory’s Work in 1941","authors":"Yinghao Li, Jing Lyu, Wenxin Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c00090","url":null,"abstract":"This study extends Flory’s 1941 foundational work on three-dimensional step-growth polymerization (SGP) with trifunctional branching units. Flory laid the groundwork for understanding polymer size distribution back then, however, he did not fully explore the polydispersity and/or average degree of polymerization in A2 + A3 and A2 + A3 + B2 types of systems. As the demand for advanced three-dimensional polymer materials grows, a more comprehensive theoretical framework is required. In this work, new analytical expressions are derived for the number-average (Xn), weight-average (Xw) degree of polymerization, and polydispersity (Đ) of trifunctional branched polymers through Flory’s probability method. Additionally, we introduce the concept of Branch Unit Distribution (BUD), which has not been previously investigated. This new theoretical concept is validated through comparison with both experimental results and Monte Carlo simulations. Our findings provide new insights into the internal structure of three-dimensional branched polymers, offering valuable guidance for future design and development of novel materials from SGPs.","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144104078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0