Biophotonics discovery最新文献

{"title":"Improved endoscope for imaging and cell collection in the fallopian tubes.","authors":"Dominique Gálvez, Andrew Daniel Rocha, Alana G Gonzales, Dilara J Long, Photini Faith Rice, Makayla R Johnson, Ethan Tovar, Bo Lwin, Helen Varghese, Kongit Amaha, David Fishman, John M Heusinkveld, Jennifer Kehlet Barton","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.2.025001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.2.025001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Early detection of ovarian cancer requires the observation of subtle changes within the fallopian tubes, where serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma lesions, the putative precursor of high-grade ovarian serous carcinoma, may be present and detectable.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The cell-acquiring fallopian endoscope was designed to detect and interrogate potentially pathological sites in the fallopian tubes via alterations in fluorescence signal and the collection of epithelial cells.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We performed a comprehensive redesign of a first-generation endoscope prototype and demonstrated its performance in whole, human <i>ex vivo</i> fallopian tubes. Through the iterative improvements to the design, the endoscope features improved imaging, cell collection, and general ease of use. Specifically, improvements included a larger core count fiber imaging bundle, a redesigned close-focus lens, more flexible materials, an altered cell collection method, and a lighter-weight handle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With benign fallopian tube samples from three patients, we demonstrate cell collection on the order of <math> <mrow> <msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow> <mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> cells per collection and imaging capabilities that result in average image intensity ratios.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This second-generation endoscope is suitable for the study of intact fallopian tubes.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 2","pages":"025001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of sample-specific properties on light scattering by human milk.","authors":"Wietske Verveld, Johanna Rebecca de Wolf, Nienke Bosschaart","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.012105","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.012105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Despite the numerous benefits of breastfeeding, many mothers quit breastfeeding early due to understudied lactation problems. Optical and photonic techniques provide promising, objective, and non-invasive methods for human milk analysis but require accurate characterization and modeling of light scattering in human milk.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to describe the influences of sample-specific properties on the forward scattering coefficient of human milk samples.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We composed an experimental dataset of 50 human milk samples, containing the scattering coefficient, fat concentration, serum refractive index, milk fat globule (MFG) refractive index, MFG size distribution, and refractive index and size distribution of non-fat particles per sample. We reconstructed scattering coefficients using Mie theory with sample-specific properties and compared them to experimental values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study confirmed a moderate correlation between experimental and reconstructed scattering coefficients when only the sample-specific fat concentration was considered (Spearman <math><mrow><mi>ρ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.62</mn></mrow> </math> ). Including the sample-specific MFG size distribution significantly improved the correlation ( <math><mrow><mi>ρ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.82</mn></mrow> </math> ), while the sample-specific scattering contribution of non-fat particles and refractive index of serum and MFGs had a negligible influence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sample-specific fat concentration and MFG size distribution are the most important parameters to consider when developing light scattering models of human milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"012105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dr. Laura Marcu on Serendipity, Science, and the Power of Interdisciplinary Vision.","authors":"Travis Sawyer","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.010501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.010501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Professor Laura Marcu (UC Davis Departments of Neurological Surgery and Biomedical Engineering), Director the NIH-NIBIB P41 National Center for Interventional Biophotonics Technologies (NCIBT), discusses her career in biophotonics in an interview with Biophotonics Discovery Editor Travis Sawyer.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"010501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13227150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148160304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing subclinical keratoconus detection using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography and artificial intelligence.","authors":"Rahul P Patil, Raghav Narasimhan, Anchana Pisharody, Rohit Shetty, Pooja Khamar, Vinodhini Devendiran, Rudy M M A Nuijts, Abhijit Sinha Roy","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015004","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Early detection of keratoconus (KC), a progressive corneal disorder, remains a major clinical challenge. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) is an advanced imaging technique that can quantify corneal birefringence, offering insight into collagen organization and microstructural integrity.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A total of 359 eyes were examined and evaluated. This study explores PS-OCT-derived phase retardation (PR) and corneal sublayer thickness as potential diagnostic biomarkers for healthy, subclinical (SKC), and KC eyes. Further, the performance of AI-based classification models developed from PS-OCT, Pentacam, and MS-39 data were compared, using random forest classifier trained with a leave-one-out methodology and identical hyperparameter settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All AI models demonstrated comparable accuracy among devices for healthy and KC detection. However, SKC classification differed from Pentacam and MS-39. Here, 39.5% of the SKC eyes were reclassified as healthy by PS-OCT, compared with 27.5% by Pentacam and 30.3% by MS-39. The average diagnostic performance of PS-OCT included an AUC, precision, recall, F1 score, and accuracy of 0.91, 83%, 82%, 0.82, and 82%, respectively. For the Pentacam, the same were 0.95, 87%, 86%, 0.86, and 86%, respectively. For the MS-39, the same were 0.94, 86%, 86%, 0.85, and 86%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, AI model agreement was strong for healthy and KC groups but varied in SKC. PS-OCT provides complementary diagnostic value and may refine subclinical KC detection for safer refractive surgery decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"015004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive index of milk fat globules and extracellular vesicles in human milk.","authors":"Johanna Rebecca de Wolf, Edwin van der Pol, Chi M Hau, Rienk Nieuwland, Nienke Bosschaart","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.012104","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.012104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Human milk contains milk fat globules (MFGs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Knowing their refractive index is essential for accurate data interpretation obtained by optical methods, such as laser diffraction analysis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>As the refractive index of MFGs and EVs in human milk is undescribed, we aimed to determine the refractive index of these particles and compare their refractive index values to those in bovine milk, which has been more extensively studied.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Using flow cytometry, particles ranging from 200 to 650 nm were analyzed in 21 human milk samples and pooled bovine milk samples from four dairy farms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that the refractive index distribution of human MFGs ( <math><mrow><mn>1.51</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ) has a significantly higher mode compared with the distribution of bovine MFGs ( <math><mrow><mn>1.49</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.02</mn></mrow> </math> ). In addition, EVs in human and bovine milk were best approximated by a bimodal refractive index distribution, suggesting the presence of two distinct EV populations. These populations had refractive indices of <math><mrow><mn>1.38</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> and <math><mrow><mn>1.41</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.03</mn></mrow> </math> for human milk, which differed from the bovine values of <math><mrow><mn>1.38</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> and <math><mrow><mn>1.42</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.03</mn></mrow> </math> .</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work provides insight into the refractive index of particles in human milk, which is essential for understanding milk-light interactions. Importantly, applying bovine MFG refractive index values in laser diffraction analysis for human MFGs can lead to significant errors in the estimation of particle size distributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"012104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency-domain broadband near-infrared spectroscopy for noninvasive monitoring of fluid volume status during hemodialysis.","authors":"Diana Suciu, Thao Pham, Lina Lin Wei, Isaac Hoekstra, Pranav Yadati, Vipul C Chitalia, Darren Roblyer","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015003","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Poor fluid management during hemodialysis in patients with end-stage kidney disease contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. Current tools for assessing volume status are limited, and there is a need for objective measurement techniques.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to evaluate the ability of a hybrid frequency-domain (FD) and broadband continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-Bb-NIRS) system to monitor tissue changes during hemodialysis and identify markers associated with intradialytic adverse events.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A custom-built FD-Bb-NIRS system was used to acquire continuous optical measurements. The system utilized FD laser diodes (730, 785, 852, and 940 nm) and broadband illumination (700 to 1000 nm). These measurements were integrated using model-based analysis to provide broadband absorption and reduced scattering spectra. Beer's law was used to extract tissue chromophore concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across 27 subjects, the water ratio ([water]/([water] + [lipid])) showed significant differences between subjects with and without intradialytic adverse events ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.0331</mn></mrow> </math> ), with a decrease observed in patients without adverse events. In addition, tissue scattering parameters contributed to the multivariate classification of adverse event discrimination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The FD-Bb-NIRS device successfully measured changes in tissue fluid dynamics during hemodialysis. Longitudinal water ratio measurements show promise as optical markers for identifying patients at risk of adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"015003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13097106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label-free differentiation of classical and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndromes using Mueller matrix polarimetry.","authors":"Kseniia Tumanova, Eric Min, Daniel C Louie, Mehrnoosh Neshatian, Sara Shalviry, Nimish Mittal, Laurent Bozec, Alex Vitkin","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015002","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnosing classical and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, cEDS and hEDS, respectively, remains challenging due to overlapping clinical presentations and the lack of objective diagnostic tools. A label-free quantitative method for detecting EDS from normal tissues and for distinguishing its subtypes could support more timely and accurate clinical evaluation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We evaluate the capability of Mueller matrix (MM) polarized light microscopy to resolve polarimetric contrasts between healthy and EDS samples and to assess its potential for differentiating between the cEDS and hEDS subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Unstained skin biopsy slides from 19 participants (healthy, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn></mrow> </math> ; cEDS, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5</mn></mrow> </math> ; hEDS, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>11</mn></mrow> </math> ) were imaged using a custom MM microscopy setup. In addition to acquiring 16 MM elements, 24 polarimetric parameters were obtained and tested for their detection and differentiation abilities. Group-wise comparisons of median parameter values were performed after assessing distribution normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test, applying either the Mann-Whitney U test or the independent-samples <math><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow> </math> -test as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three polarimetric parameters ( <math> <mrow><msub><mi>P</mi> <mi>L</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow> </math> , and <math><mrow><mi>ψ</mi></mrow> </math> ) showed statistically significant differences between EDS-affected and healthy skin, with higher <math> <mrow><msub><mi>P</mi> <mi>L</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> values observed in healthy tissue, consistent with more uniform collagen alignment in healthy subjects. Five parameters ( <math> <mrow><msub><mi>P</mi> <mi>L</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> , <math> <mrow><msub><mi>r</mi> <mi>L</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> , <math> <mrow><msub><mi>P</mi> <mn>1</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> , <math> <mrow><msub><mi>P</mi> <mn>3</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> , and <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>tms</mi></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> ) significantly differentiated cEDS from hEDS, with <math> <mrow><msub><mi>r</mi> <mi>L</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> demonstrating the strongest separation. <math> <mrow><msub><mi>P</mi> <mi>L</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> was the only parameter to show statistical significance for both tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MM polarimetry shows promise for label-free, quantitative assessment of skin collagen organization and offers potential for detecting EDS and differentiating its subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"015002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index matching improves the imaging quality of 3D well-of-the-well dishes for embryo culture.","authors":"Yunqin Zhao, Mark Mc Veigh, Leon M Bellan, Audrey K Bowden","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.012103","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.012103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The success rate of <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) is low ( <math><mrow><mo><</mo> <mn>33</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> ), driving the need for techniques to improve embryo quality. One promising solution is the well-of-the-well (WOW) culture system. WOWs with 3D microwells offer superior culture quality over 2D microwells; however, the refractive index (RI) mismatch between the 3D microwells and culture media causes aberrations that limit imaging quality and hinder clinical translation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To enable clinical deployment of WOW dishes, we demonstrate the fabrication of index-matching 3D WOW dishes that improve embryo imaging quality.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We applied 3D printing and molding to fabricate agarose-based WOW dishes. The fabricated product was inspected using optical coherence tomography, and its reproducibility was validated. We applied a slanted-edge method to characterize optical resolution through substrates with different RIs and assessed geometric distortion of WOW dishes with different RIs using certified microspheres. To evaluate additional RI-dependent optical aberrations, we performed Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing and Zernike analysis on WOW dishes of different RIs. Finally, we assessed the stability of agarose microwells after a 6-day incubation and demonstrated <i>in situ</i> imaging using mouse embryos.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We confirmed that the proposed fabrication method has acceptable reproducibility. We found that low-RI material mitigates spherical aberration, improves optical resolution compared with high-RI materials, reduces geometric distortion, and eliminates visibility of ridge structures. Consistent with these observations, wavefront analysis showed that high-RI materials generated substantially higher-order aberrations, whereas low-RI materials produced minimal higher-order error. We validated that the agarose microwells retained their shapes after a 6-day incubation. We confirmed normal development of mouse embryos over 4 days in agarose-based dishes, indicating agarose-based WOW dishes are feasible for embryo culture.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed fabrication strategy eliminates a barrier to the integration of 3D WOW dishes for both culture and selection and may enable their clinical use to enhance IVF success rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"012103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine-learning-based tumor segmentation and classification using dynamic optical contrast imaging for thyroid cancer.","authors":"Tyler Vasse, Yazeed Alhiyari, Lauran K Evans, Ramesh Shori, Maie St John, Tuan Vo-Dinh","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.3.1.015001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and diagnosis is often challenging due to overlapping features between benign and malignant nodules. Fine-needle aspiration, the clinical gold standard, frequently yields indeterminate results and lacks spatial context, leading to unnecessary surgeries. Real-time margin assessment also remains limited. There is a need for accurate, label-free, spatially resolved imaging. Dynamic optical contrast imaging (DOCI), which measures autofluorescence lifetimes of endogenous fluorophores, offers a promising platform for intraoperative cancer detection.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We develop and evaluate a machine learning integrated DOCI framework to classify thyroid tissue subtypes and segment cancerous regions from <i>ex vivo</i> hyperspectral sections, with potential for real-time surgical use.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Fresh <i>ex vivo</i> thyroid specimens were imaged using a 23-channel DOCI acquisition. A pixel-level principal component analysis (PCA) and logistic regression classifier produced tissue probabilities, aggregated by a regional majority-vote gate to categorize specimens as normal, follicular, or papillary. Tumor-specific squeeze-and-excitation U-Net models were trained on voxel-only inputs for semantic segmentation. PCA-guided channel ablation identified a reduced spectral subset, and the pipeline was retrained using a compact 12-channel input.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first two PCA components explained over 70% of spectral variance and yielded well-separated tissue clusters. The regional PCA classifier achieved 92.3% validation accuracy and 100% accuracy on the test set. Full 23-channel U-Net models delivered strong segmentation (papillary: Dice nonempty 0.829, balanced Dice 0.914; follicular: Dice nonempty 0.618, balanced Dice 0.809). Reduced-channel models preserved most performance and improved follicular segmentation (Dice nonempty 0.762), confirming spectral redundancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrating DOCI with interpretable machine learning enables accurate, label-free differentiation and segmentation of thyroid tissues. Channel reduction demonstrates that high performance is achievable with a compact spectral subset, supporting faster, more cost-efficient DOCI systems and future real-time intraoperative deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"015001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Section Guest Editorial: Biophotonics in Global Health.","authors":"Vanderlei Bagnato, Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Jenna Mueller","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.4.042301","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.4.042301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Guest Editors Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Vanderlei Bagnatpo, and Jenna Mueller introduce the Special Section on Biophotonics in Global Health.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 4","pages":"042301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}