EJNMMI reports最新文献

{"title":"Inter-reader agreement and additive benefit of SPECT or SPECT/CT modality with [^99mTc]Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy imaging for the assessment of thyroid nodules in a tertiary care center.","authors":"Emil Novruzov, Dominik Schmitt, Katalin Mattes-György, Julian Kuhlmann, Mareike Muchalla, Matthias Schott, Christina Antke, Frederik L Giesel, Eduards Mamlins","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00264-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00264-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim/introduction: </strong>In central Europe, up to 76% of population exhibit thyroid nodules (TN). The combination of ultrasound findings and thyroid scan imaging are supposed to ensure a cost-effective and reliable prediction of malignancy risk. However, real-world impact of ultrasound findings, i.e. TI-RADS, has raised concerns due to its highly limited reliability and reproducibility. The recent advancements and increasing access of SPECT/CT scanners might contribute to thyroid management. This study aimed to elucidate additive value of SPECT(-CT) imaging in initial evaluation of complex TN cases, particularly on multinodular goiter and difficult-to-characterize solitary nodules.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 61 patients (19 males and 42 females with a mean age of 56 (± 17)) with incidental TN were retrospectively enrolled in this study between November 2022 and July 2023, who underwent both conventional planar thyroid scan and SPECT(-CT) imaging. Three readers with varying experience level selected a target nodule within thyroid gland and evaluated its functionality, ACR TI-RADS categorization and additive benefit of SPECT(-/CT) imaging. Kappa-value for inter-reader agreement (IRA) was interpreted as follows: < 0.01-0.20, slight agreement; 0.21-0.40, fair agreement; 0.41-0.60, moderate agreement; 0.61-0.80, substantial agreement; and 0.81-1.00; almost perfect agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the target TNs, 33 (54%) were located in the left thyroid lobe, 5 (8%) in the isthmus and the remaining target TNs (38%) in the right lobe. The median target TN size was 20 mm (10-59). The target nodule match rate among readers was almost perfect (k-value 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72-0.90). The IRA regarding ACR TI-RADS was moderate with k-value of 0.47 (95% CI: 0.40-0.54). The IRA regarding patient referral was substantial among readers with k-value of 0.60, while k-value was even higher at pairwise comparison of experienced readers (k-value: 0.64). IRA regarding the target TN functionality among readers was good with k-value of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.59-0.77). IRA involving the less experienced reader revealed only slightly lower reliability scores, i.e. a k-value of 0.61. The correlation with ground truth results revealed comparable results among experienced and less-experienced readers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing clinical experience of physicians appeared to have a direct correlation with a higher referral rate of SPECT(-CT) imaging, although the additive clinical benefit was only evident for a minority of patients. Hence, SPECT(-CT) imaging might be more suitable for tertiary care centers, as its additive benefit at primary care level would have only negligible effect for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging PET-radiotracers in cardiovascular, neuro-inflammation, lung and rheumatological diseases: a narrative review.","authors":"Domenico Albano, Alessio Rizzo, Andrea Guarneri, Lucia Leccisotti, Carlo Rodella, Giorgio Treglia","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00263-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00263-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Imaging plays a crucial role in the clinical management of patients with inflammatory diseases, both for diagnosis and in evaluating treatment response. 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that is gaining prominence in the study of various infectious and inflammatory diseases. Advances in PET imaging technology, along with the development of new radiopharmaceuticals, have the potential to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of imaging in the evaluation of inflammation, allowing for the tracking of disease activity through mechanisms distinct from FDG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review aims to explore and discuss the emerging role of new PET/CT radiopharmaceuticals in the field of inflammation taking into account findings from recent studies in this setting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preliminary promising findings are available in the literature regarding the potential usefulness of new radiotracers for investigating inflammatory diseases, especially in cardiovascular, neurological, rheumatological and pulmonary fields. In cardiovascular inflammation, different radiopharmaceuticals showed promising roles according to the disease evaluated, but globally the findings are preliminary and heterogeneous. Concerning cardiac sarcoidosis, somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 (SSTR2)-ligands, translocator protein (TSPO) radiotracers, and hypoxic radiotracers were investigated but until now so strong evidence were available. About vasculitis, SSTR2-ligands and CXCR4 radiotracers showen the most promising findings, especially in the evaluation of treatment response. Regarding atherosclerosis and mycoarditis, we have positive preclinical studies but lack of evidence from a clinical point of view. For neuroinflammation, the available findings on new PET radiotracers are still limited even if TSPO PET seems the most promising due to the ability to image microglial activation. Instead, about lung and rheumatological inflammatory diseases, fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI) appear to be the most promising radiopharmaceutical, even better than [¹⁸F]FDG, although further solid data are needed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Emerging PET radiotracers showed promising results in detecting inflammatory diseases in different anatomical sites, but more robust and comprehensive studies are required for their clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144819041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Function of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT radiomics in the detection of checkpoint inhibitor-induced liver injury (CHILI).","authors":"Clémence M C Huigen, Alexander Coukos, Sofiya Latifyan, Marie Nicod Lalonde, Niklaus Schaefer, Daniel Abler, Adrien Depeursinge, John O Prior, Montserrat Fraga, Mario Jreige","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00258-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00258-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the last decade, immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized cancer treatment and improved prognosis. However, severe checkpoint inhibitor-induced liver injury (CHILI), which can lead to treatment discontinuation or death, occurs in up to 18% of the patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of PET/CT radiomics analysis for the detection of CHILI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with CHILI grade 2 or higher who underwent liver function tests and liver biopsy were retrospectively included. Minors, patients with cognitive impairments, and patients with viral infections were excluded from the study. The patients' liver and spleen were contoured on the anonymized PET/CT imaging data, followed by radiomics feature extraction. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Bonferroni corrections were used for statistical analysis and exploration of radiomics features related to CHILI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen patients were included and 110 radiomics features were extracted from PET images. Liver PCA-5 showed significance as well as one associated feature but did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction. Spleen PCA-5 differed significantly between CHILI and non-CHILI patients even after Bonferroni correction, possibly linked to the higher metabolic function of the spleen in autoimmune diseases due to the recruitment of immune cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study identified statistically significant differences in PET-derived radiomics features of the spleen and observable changes in the liver on PET/CT scans before and after the onset of CHILI. Identifying these features could aid in diagnosing or predicting CHILI, potentially enabling personalized treatment. Larger multicenter prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and develop automated detection methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12318889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-in-human experience of radiopharmaceutical therapy with [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTATATE in patients with advanced multiple myeloma.","authors":"Wendy Delbart, Marie Vercruyssen, Rachele Danieli, Clémentine Marin, Zéna Wimana, Nathalie Meuleman, Patrick Flamen, Erwin Woff, Ioannis Karfis","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00262-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00262-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiotheranostics using somatostatin receptor (R)-targeted agents has transformed the management of neuroendocrine tumors, yet its application in other oncological entities remains unexplored. Here, we report the firsSt-inST-human use of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTATATE in two patients with advanced, triple-class refractory multiple myeloma, selected based on dual imaging with [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [¹⁸F]F-FDG PET/CT. Both patients received standard activities of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTATATE, resulting in favourable safety profiles and improved quality of life. One patient achieved sustained metabolic response and clinical stability over 12 months, while the second showed a complete metabolic response before experiencing biological progression. Treatment was associated with transient, non-clinically significant myelotoxicity. These findings support the feasibility of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) in multiple myeloma and suggest potential therapeutic benefit in selected patients. Further clinical investigation is warranted to validate these promising preliminary results.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144736515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-low dose imaging in a standard axial field-of-view PET.","authors":"Thiago Lima, Carlos Vinícius Gomes, Paul Fargier, Klaus Strobel, Antoine Leimgruber","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00261-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00261-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Though ultra-low dose (ULD) imaging offers notable benefits, its widespread clinical adoption faces challenges. Long-axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT systems are expensive and scarce, while artificial intelligence (AI) shows great potential but remains largely limited to specific systems and is not yet widely used in clinical practice. However, integrating AI techniques and technological advancements into ULD imaging is helping bridge the gap between standard axial field-of-view (SAFOV) and LAFOV PET/CT systems. This paper offers an initial evaluation of ULD capabilities using one of the latest SAFOV PET/CT device. A patient injected with 16.4 MBq ¹⁸F-FDG underwent a local protocol consisting of a dynamic acquisition (first 30 min) of the abdominal section and a static whole body 74 min post-injection on a GE Omni PET/CT. From the acquired images we computed the dosimetry and compared clinical output from kidney function and brain uptake to kidney model and normal databases, respectively. The effective PET dose for this patient was 0.27 ± 0.01 mSv and the absorbed doses were 0.56 mGy, 0.89 mGy and 0.20 mGy, respectively to the brain, heart, and kidneys. The recorded kidney concentration closely followed the kidney model, matching the increase and decrease in activity concentration over time. Normal values for the z-score were observed for the brain uptake, indicating typical brain function and activity patterns consistent with healthy individuals. The signal to noise ration obtained in this study (13.1) was comparable to the LAFOV reported values. This study shows promising capabilities of ultra-low-dose imaging in SAFOV PET devices, previously deemed unattainable with SAFOV PET imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call for candidates: Editor-in-Chief for EJNMMI Reports.","authors":"","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00257-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00257-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung shunting and radiation pneumonitis after holmium-166 TARE: a case study.","authors":"Meike W M van Wijk, Marcel J R Janssen, Mark J Arntz, Bram H J Geurts, Laura A Michon, Eric T T L Tjwa, Joey Roosen, J Frank W Nijsen","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00260-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00260-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The assessment of the lung shunting fraction (LSF) in yttrium-90 (⁹⁰Y) or holmium-166 (¹⁶⁶Ho) transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is customary in order to reduce the risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP). Lung shunting detected through a test dose is considered a relative contraindication, and it is generally advised to keep the predicted lung dose below 30 Gy. Few cases of RP have been reported in the literature. We present two cases of RP after treatment with ¹⁶⁶Ho TARE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma received ¹⁶⁶Ho TARE, respectively as part of a clinical trial and a re-treatment according to standard clinical practise. LSF and lung dose measurements were performed both after the work-up and after the therapeutic dose using planar imaging and SPECT. At follow up, CT imaging and pulmonary evaluation including lung function testing were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two patients without any pulmonary medical history received a lung dose of 13 Gy and 18 Gy due to a LSF of 9.8% and 7.1% based on SPECT after therapy. The patients showed both clinical and radiological signs of RP which resolved 3-4 months after TARE. Lung function testing showed no restriction or obstruction, but did show lowered diffusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We present two relatively mild cases of RP after ¹⁶⁶Ho TARE, with a lung dose under the advised lung dose threshold of 30 Gy. Although no definite conclusions can be drawn based on these isolated cases of RP, it warrants caution in pre-treatment dosimetry in case of objectified lung shunt.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardium-to-cavity ratio derived from simultaneous ^99mTc-PYP/²⁰¹Tl dual-isotope SPECT imaging to differentially diagnose transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.","authors":"Shozo Yamashita, Kenichi Nakajima, Teppei Kitano, Hiromu Kato, Tatsuya Yoneyama, Haruki Yamamoto, Kunihiko Yokoyama","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00255-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00255-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The heart-to-contralateral lung (H/CL) ratio, derived from planar imaging, is a standard quantitative metric in ^99mTc-pyrophosphate (^99mTc-PYP) studies. However, cardiac-dedicated cadmium-zinc-telluride cameras, which primarily generate single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images, cannot produce planar images. We propose the myocardium-to-cavity (M/C) ratio, derived from simultaneous dual-isotope ^99mTc-PYP/²⁰¹Tl SPECT imaging, as an alternative quantitative measure. This study evaluates the clinical utility of the M/C ratio by comparing it to the H/CL ratio.</p><p><strong>Methods/results: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 121 consecutive patients with suspected cardiac amyloidosis who underwent dual-isotope ^99mTc-PYP/²⁰¹Tl imaging. Anterior planar images were acquired using an Anger camera at 1 h after ^99mTc-PYP injection. Dual-isotope D-SPECT ^99mTc-PYP/²⁰¹Tl images were acquired from 10 min after ²⁰¹Tl injection at 1 and/or 3 h after ^99mTc-PYP injection. For M/C ratio calculation, circular regions of interest of equal diameter were set on the myocardium and left ventricular cavity using ²⁰¹Tl images, then superimposed on ^99mTc-PYP images. The optimal cut-off values were 1.5 for H/CL and 1.0 for M/C ratios to distinguish ^99mTc-PYP positive and negative uptake. Of 121 patients, 19 (16%) were classified as ^99mTc-PYP positive with planar and SPECT imaging, following the stepwise diagnostic flow recommended by the Japanese Society of Nuclear Cardiology (adapted for D-SPECT). Both H/CL and M/C ratios were significantly higher in patients with ^99mTc-PYP-positive than in negative cases. Notably, five false-positive cases with H/CL ratios > 1.5 had M/C ratio < 1.0, correctly distinguishing them from ^99mTc-PYP-positive patients. The M/C ratio demonstrated 100% sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, irrespective of imaging time. In contrast, the H/CL ratios showed 100% sensitivity, 95% specificity, 79% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. The inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of the M/C ratio was excellent with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99. Additionally, 13 of the 19 (68%) ^99mTc-PYP positive patients exhibited a mismatch pattern with decreased ²⁰¹Tl uptake corresponding to high ^99mTc-PYP uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The M/C ratio demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to the H/CL ratio, particularly in eliminating false positive cases. Its simplicity and reproducibility make it a promising alternative for routine clinical practice, potentially replacing the H/CL ratio in dual-isotope imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New semiquantitative parameters in digital [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT improve diagnostic accuracy in suspected infective endocarditis.","authors":"Carola Maria Bregenzer, Luisa Maria Knappe, Alexander Weissensee, Nasir Gözlügöl, Ali Afshar-Oromieh, Clemens Mingels, Christoph Gräni, Axel Rominger, Federico Caobelli","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00256-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00256-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to identify semiquantitative parameters of [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT using a digital PET scanner, which may increase diagnostic accuracy and readers' confidence in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Images of 82 patients undergoing [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT for suspected IE were visually and semiquantitatively analyzed. Standardized uptake values (SUV) of suspected foci, also normalized to liver, mediastinum and surrounding activity were calculated. For each, best thresholds were identified to diagnose endocarditis. Final diagnosis was reached by consensus in a multidisciplinary board. Semiquantitative analysis (SUV_max/SUV_max mediastinum, SUV_max/SUV_max liver, SUV_peak/SUV_peak mediastinum, SUV_peak/SUV_peak liver, SUV_max/SUV_mean liver, SUV_max/SUV_mean mediastinum, SUV_max focus/SUV_mean focus, SUV_peak/SUV_peak surrounding) added to visual interpretation increased sensitivity (57-86%), specificity (83-93%), PPV (64-86%), NPV (79-93%) and diagnostic accuracy (74-90%) when using best SUVs thresholds (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining visual and semiquantitative analysis allows for a more accurate diagnosis of IE, and might be implemented into clinical routine.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI based automatic measurement of split renal function in [¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT.","authors":"Kristian Valind, Johannes Ulén, Anni Gålne, Jonas Jögi, David Minarik, Elin Trägårdh","doi":"10.1186/s41824-025-00254-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41824-025-00254-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an important target for positron emission tomography (PET) with computed tomography (CT) in prostate cancer. In addition to overexpression in prostate cancer cells, PSMA is expressed in healthy cells in the proximal tubules of the kidneys. Consequently, PSMA PET is being explored for renal functional imaging. Left and right renal uptake of PSMA targeted radiopharmaceuticals have shown strong correlations to split renal function (SRF) as determined by other methods. Manual segmentation of kidneys in PET images is, however, time consuming, making this method of measuring SRF impractical. In this study, we designed, trained and validated an artificial intelligence (AI) model for automatic renal segmentation and measurement of SRF in [¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 PET images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kidneys were segmented in 135 [¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT studies used to train the AI model. The model was evaluated in 40 test studies. Left renal function percentage (LRF%) measurements ranged from 40 to 67%. Spearman correlation coefficients for LRF% measurements ranged between 0.98 and 0.99 when comparing segmentations made by 3 human readers and the AI model. The largest LRF% difference between any measurements in a single case was 3 percentage points. The AI model produced measurements similar to those of human readers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Automatic measurement of SRF in PSMA PET is feasible. A potential use could be to provide additional data in investigation of renal functional impairment in patients treated for prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":519909,"journal":{"name":"EJNMMI reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}