Ecological and evolutionary physiology最新文献

{"title":"Responses of Body Mass, Organ Masses, and Metabolic Rates in Winter-Phenotype House Sparrows to Fluctuating Cold Temperatures.","authors":"Chelsi J Marolf, David L Swanson","doi":"10.1086/734473","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractSmall birds in temperate regions are faced with a large range of environmental conditions throughout the year, including fluctuating temperatures. During cold winters, birds often exhibit an increase in metabolic rates, body mass, and pectoralis muscle mass because of the heightened energetic needs of thermoregulation. However, climate change is altering weather patterns, and in addition to widespread winter warming, temperature variability and the frequency of extreme temperatures are also expected to increase, including more winter cold snaps. In the present study, our goal was to determine whether an increase in temperature variability in a cold environment will impact the metabolic rates, organ masses, and body mass of winter-phenotype house sparrows (<i>Passer domesticus</i>). After exposing birds to stable warm, stable cold, or fluctuating cold temperatures, we found no significant differences in masses or metabolic rates between the stable and fluctuating cold groups. Compared to the warm treatment, both cold treatments had higher basal, but not summit (i.e., maximum, cold induced), metabolic rates. These results suggest that increasing temperature variability may not influence the maintenance costs or the thermoregulatory capacity of winter-phenotype house sparrows.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"98 1","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is There Hybrid Vigor in Dogs? Oxidative Stress and Cytokine Concentrations in Low- To Mid-Content Wolf-Dog Hybrids.","authors":"Ana Gabriela Jiménez","doi":"10.1086/734630","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractChanges of deleterious traits in mitochondria within hybrids of two different species are likely to be reflected across whole-animal phenotypes. Two processes linked to mitochondrial fitness are oxidative stress and inflammation. Here, plasma oxidative stress (lipid oxidative damage, total antioxidant capacity, and activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase concentration) and cytokine concentrations (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) from wolf-dog hybrids of low to mid wolf content are presented and then compared with previously published values for similar-sized dogs and gray wolves. Results indicate that lipid oxidative damage and catalase activity were not significantly different across species and hybrids. Total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase were significantly lower in wolf-dog hybrids than in domestic dogs and wolves (although total antioxidant capacity significantly increased with wolf content), but superoxide dismutase concentration was higher in hybrids. Thus, it seems that a low percentage of wolf content decreases several aspects of antioxidants but without any accumulating lipid oxidative damage. Additionally, wolf-dog hybrids had higher IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations but lower TNF-α concentrations than domestic dogs. And there was a significantly positive correlation between percentage of wolf content and IL-1β. These data imply either a mitonuclear incompatibility or a nuclear-nuclear incompatibility within wolf-dog hybrids, a case that does not support heterosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"98 1","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Hypoxic Conditions on Mating Behavior in a Bimodal Breather, the Great Pond Snail (<i>Lymnaea stagnalis</i>).","authors":"Rabia Moussaoui, Lindesay De Moor, Saida Benbellil-Tafoughalt, Joris M Koene","doi":"10.1086/735420","DOIUrl":"10.1086/735420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractReduced oxygen availability can become an environmental stressor that imposes constraints on the energy and/or time budget of aquatic animals. This also seems to be the case for bimodal breathers, since it was previously reported that the amount of oxygen in the water interacts with feeding and egg-laying activities. The great pond snail (<i>Lymnaea stagnalis</i>) is a typical bimodal breather and a simultaneous hermaphrodite for which both male and female mating behaviors have been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to test whether hypoxic conditions affect mating behavior in this bimodal breather and to investigate whether mating motivation and the choice of sexual role is influenced by this environmental condition. Our results show that when oxygen cannot be acquired via cutaneous respiration or aerial respiration, mating and locomotion are inhibited. When oxygen is available only via air, the occurrence of unilateral insemination, reciprocal insemination, and biting behavior is reduced and courtship duration is decreased compared to when oxygen is also available in the water. Our results indicate that depending on the oxygen availability in the environment, water, and air, this bimodal breather has to weigh its motivation to mate against its need for cutaneous and/or aerial respiration. These findings contribute to our understanding of how animals optimize their behavioral investment decisions under changing environmental circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"98 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Water Restriction Leads to Body Mass Loss, Increased Urine Concentrations, and Reduced Evaporative Water Loss in Female <i>Octodon degus</i>, an Arid-Adapted Rodent.","authors":"Sarah Heissenberger, Sarah E DuRant, Carolyn M Bauer","doi":"10.1086/734843","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractRegions worldwide over the next few decades are projected to experience higher rates of drought, and animals will be faced with increasingly arid conditions. Understanding physiological effects of low water availability, such as impacts on metabolism and water loss, can further understanding of how animals will cope with aridification. Common degus (<i>Octodon degus</i>) are social rodents native to central Chile, an area that has been experiencing drought since 2010. Using a laboratory population of female degus, we subjected individuals to either (1) control conditions in which water was provided ad lib. or (2) a water-restriction regimen in which water allotments were decreased by 25% each week for 3 wk. Basal metabolic rate and evaporative water loss were estimated using flow-through respirometry before experimental manipulation and at the end of each week. We also collected urine samples, quantified daily food consumption, and weighed animals weekly. We found that body mass decreased significantly in water-restricted animals compared to in controls and that their capacity to concentrate urine increased significantly after 1 wk of water restriction. However, the rate of evaporative water loss did not decrease until the third week of water restriction. Thus, under conditions of low water availability in the absence of heat stress, female degus primarily limit urinary water loss and later decrease evaporative water loss, a strategy that may also be used by similar-sized mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"98 1","pages":"28-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Life History Parameters in Marine Mammals: Bayesian Hierarchical Analysis of Ontogenetic Dietary Shifts in Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphins.","authors":"Yuen-Wa Ho, Leszek Karczmarski, Wenzhi Lin, Mandy C Y Lo, Yuping Wu, David M Baker","doi":"10.1086/734631","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractWeaning represents a pivotal ontogenetic process for mammals, marking the transition from parental provisioning to independent foraging. In monophyodont species, distinct growth layer groups that are deposited in their teeth as the animals age represent a permanent chronological archive of physiological events across the animals' lifetimes. Thus, biochemical analysis of annual dentine increments provides a means to explore animal physiological history. We examined the age-specific pattern, individual-level variations, and sex-related differences in dentine nitrogen isotopic values in the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (<i>Sousa chinensis</i>) using tooth samples collected from 38 carcasses that stranded ashore in the Pearl River Delta region, southeast China, between 2007 and 2018. The longitudinal isotopic records archived in dolphin teeth offered insights into their foraging ecology and individual ontogenetic dietary life history. The overall pattern of δ¹⁵N isotopic values in the incremental layers, analyzed under a hierarchical Bayesian framework, indicates that humpback dolphins typically undergo an ontogenetic dietary shift (i.e., wean) before reaching the age of 3 yr (mean: 2.394 ± 0.143 yr), albeit there is considerable individual heterogeneity (range: 1.548-4.180 yr), with males consistently weaning ∼3.5 mo earlier than females. Our study underscores the importance of quantifying ontogenetic parameters at the individual level, as overlooking individual variations in life history events (such as the age of weaning) may introduce biases in the broader population-level life history metrics. The application of hierarchical Bayesian modeling proved effective in quantifying individual heterogeneity and factoring it into the estimates of ontogenetic dietary shifts-an important component in analyses of broader population-level processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time and Tissue-Specific Responses of Mitochondrial Metabolism to Hypoxia in Fish.","authors":"Léna Jégo, Jean-Baptiste Quéméneur, Antoine Stier, Sophie Collet, Damien Roussel, Anthony Hickey, Karine Salin","doi":"10.1086/734065","DOIUrl":"10.1086/734065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractPeriods of hypoxia are extremely common in aquatic systems and are predicted to have enduring impacts on aquatic life. Mitochondrial metabolic responses are important for animal performance during hypoxia, but tissue-specific responses and time needed for mitochondria to adjust remain unclear. Here, we investigate how mitochondrial metabolism responds to hypoxia (50% air saturation) over a prolonged period (15-21 wk) in sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>). We used a longitudinal assessment of mitochondria from three repeated, but nonlethal, samplings of red blood cells (RBCs) at 3-wk intervals (15, 18, and 21 wk of hypoxia) alongside a terminal sampling of two other tissues (liver and heart). We found that hypoxic fish increased their RBC oxidative phosphorylation between weeks 15 and 18 but did not change it between weeks 18 and 21. We also show that mitochondrial respiratory capacities were depressed in the heart but not in the liver or RBCs of sea bass held for 21 wk in hypoxia compared with those of sea bass maintained in normoxia. The time and tissue-specific responses to hypoxia likely have consequences for how organisms adjust their different organ functions under the constraints of oxygen availability. As the occurrence of hypoxia is expected to increase in marine ecosystems, our data also indicate that understanding temporal changes in mitochondrial metabolism is crucial to predict organismal responses in the face of ongoing environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"97 6","pages":"371-381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Care Strategies Differentially Optimize the Health and Immunity of Male and Female South American Fur Seal Pups.","authors":"Diego J Perez-Venegas, Felipe Montalva, Josefina Gutierrez, Aranza Gómez-Camus, Antonia Angel, Claudia Ulloa-Contreras, Blanca E Molina-Burgos, Gustavo Chiang, Chris Harrod, Héctor Pavés, Maritza Sepúlveda, Mauricio Seguel","doi":"10.1086/733793","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractPinnipeds face increasing challenges that affect how maternal foraging and nursing strategies transfer key resources for immune function and ultimately the survival of their offspring. We evaluated how foraging strategies and maternal care in South American fur seals (<i>Arctocephalus australis</i>) affect male and female pup growth, physiology, and immune health. We used capture and recapture data for mothers and their pups and daily monitoring during the austral summers of 2015-2016, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023 to assess maternal care. We collected pup morphometric data, blood, and vibrissae to assess their growth rates, health, and immune competence. We found that mothers shifted their diet from demersal to more pelagic prey between 2015 and 2023 because of a decrease in their main demersal prey item, the southern hake (<i>Merluccius australis</i>). This shift in diet was associated with reduced maternal foraging time and increased nursing time, which differentially affected the health of male and female pups. Male pups grew faster, emphasizing energy reserves, especially in years with a higher abundance of demersal prey, while slower-growing female pups prioritized the development of the immune system, especially during years with a decline in demersal fish and an increase in the use of pelagic fish by their mothers, suggesting sex-specific adaptation for the long-term survival of offspring. This study suggests that prey scarcity could differentially impact the development and immune health of male and female offspring of marine top predators.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"97 6","pages":"327-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryos and Tadpoles of the Eurythermal Baja California Chorus Frog (<i>Pseudacris hypochondriaca</i>) Show Subtle Phenotypic Changes in Response to Daily Cycling Temperatures.","authors":"Casey A Mueller, Carlos Caetano B D P Leão, Krystal R Atherley, Natalie Campos, John Eme","doi":"10.1086/733827","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractEnvironmental thermal fluctuations influence fitness-related organismal traits. Investigations of ectothermic physiology must include cycling thermal regimes because such fluctuations are increasing with environmental change. We used the eurythermal Baja California chorus frog (<i>Pseudacris hypochondriaca</i>) to examine developmental responses to daily temperature cycles informed by recorded field conditions (15°C constant and cycles of 12.5°C⟷17.5°C and 10°C⟷20°C) and an extreme daily cycle (15°C⟷25°C). We measured survival, development rate, mass, and oxygen consumption rate (V̇o₂) upon hatch. The 15°C⟷25°C daily cycle decreased time to hatch, produced larger hatchlings, and reduced mass-specific V̇o₂. Lower mass-specific V̇o₂ in 12.5°C⟷17.5°C hatchlings indicated a minor effect of daily temperature cycles with a common mean temperature (15°C). We also measured size, thermal tolerance, V̇o₂, and swim speed at a common tadpole stage (hindlimb toe differentiation), with V̇o₂ and swim speed measured at 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C. The 15°C⟷25°C tadpoles were smaller but showed higher thermal tolerance, mass-specific V̇o₂ at 25°C, and length-corrected sustained swim speed than the 15°C constant and 12.5°C⟷17.5°C tadpoles. The 15°C⟷25°C treatment with a higher mean temperature (∼20°C) drove most phenotypic differences in hatchlings and tadpoles. Compared to tadpoles in the 15°C constant treatment, tadpoles in the 10°C⟷20°C treatment had significantly higher thermal tolerance and moderate but statistically indistinguishable increases in swim speed, illustrating subtle effects of daily temperature cycles on tadpole phenotypes. Developing chorus frogs function well at and above maximum temperatures experienced naturally, and our results indicate a subtle \"warmer is better\" acclimation response for physiological traits in response to substantial daily thermal cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"97 6","pages":"354-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Uptake from Air in a Desert Thread Snake, <i>Myriopholis macrorhyncha</i>.","authors":"Shahar Dubiner, Shai Meiri, Eran Levin","doi":"10.1086/733794","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractSquamates are adapted to thrive in extreme deserts thanks to, among other mechanisms, the water-conserving characteristics of their integument. Yet very small-bodied species, such as the fossorial desert thread snake <i>Myriopholis macrorhyncha</i> (∼1 g), face challenges because of their high relative surface area entailing high evaporative water loss. Fossorial snakes avoid dry periods by retreating underground, which can reach high humidity even in the desert habitat of <i>M. macrorhyncha</i>. We measured evaporative water loss of three individuals at 25°C and three different ecologically relevant humidity conditions. We found low water loss at 70% relative humidity (RH) compared to the high water loss in dry air (near 0% RH). Interestingly, we found apparent water absorption at 97% RH, confirmed by both respirometry and equivalent gains in body mass following this treatment. This suggests an adaptation allowing the snake to acquire water from the atmosphere during its retreat to subterranean burrows and ant nests. Coupled with other water-conserving strategies, such as discontinuous gas exchange to reduce respiratory water loss, this strategy could be crucial for survival in arid environments where water is scarce.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"97 6","pages":"382-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Acclimation on Standard and Maximum Metabolic Rate in a Small Freshwater Fish.","authors":"Rebecca S Raynal, Russell Bonduriansky, Lisa E Schwanz","doi":"10.1086/733582","DOIUrl":"10.1086/733582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AbstractThe ability of freshwater fish to acclimate quickly to water temperature variation is imperative when living in shallow changeable environments. However, while it has often been assumed that maximum metabolic rate is constant and therefore that metabolic scope (the difference between maximum and standard metabolic rates) decreases with ambient temperature, this assumption is weakly supported and remains controversial. We investigated acclimation in a temperate, shallow-dwelling Australian freshwater fish, the Pacific blue-eye (<i>Pseudomugil signifer</i>), to rising water temperatures. We placed wild-caught fish into three acclimation treatments (24°C, 28°C, and 30°C) and measured metabolic rate at three test temperatures (24°C, 28°C, and 30°C). We found that fish acclimated (recovered standard metabolic rate) to housing temperatures before the first measurement at 10 d. Moreover, we found that regardless of acclimation temperature, standard metabolic rate, maximum metabolic rate, and aerobic scope all increased with test temperature. Our findings suggest that maximum metabolic rate and metabolic scope can adjust rapidly to ambient temperature. More research is needed to understand the generality of these effects, as well as their consequences for fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":519900,"journal":{"name":"Ecological and evolutionary physiology","volume":"97 6","pages":"342-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}