S. Gavanda, Matthias Eisenkolb, Steffen Held, S. Geisler, S. Gehlert
{"title":"Are calves trainable? Low-intensity calf muscle training with or without blood flow restriction: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"S. Gavanda, Matthias Eisenkolb, Steffen Held, S. Geisler, S. Gehlert","doi":"10.1515/teb-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/teb-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Whether low-load resistance training (RT) without muscle failure, with or without blood flow restriction (BFR), is sufficient to increase strength and muscle growth of calf muscles in trained individuals is still unclear. This study aimed to compare the effects of low-intensity BFR RT vs. traditional low-intensity RT (noBFR) with moderate training volume on strength and circumference.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We designed a parallel, randomized controlled trial including 36 RT-trained participants (BFR: 7 females, 32.9 ± 8.8 years, 11 males, 28.4 ± 3.6 years; noBFR; 8 females, 29.6 ± 3.4 years; 10 males, 28.6 ± 4.9 years) who underwent eight weeks of twice-weekly low-load RT with 16 weekly RT sets (30 % of one-repetition maximum [1RM]). RT consisted of bilateral calf raises and seated unilateral calf raises, each conducted with 4 sets (30, 15, 15, 15 repetitions not to failure) of either BFR or noBFR. Outcome measures included calf circumference (CC), leg stiffness (LS), and various strength tests (seated and standing calf raise 1RM, isokinetic strength of plantar- and dorsiflexion).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There were no significant interactions or group effects for most measures. Both groups showed significant improvements in seated calf raise strength (p=0.046, η\u0000 2\u0000 p=0.17). Pairwise comparisons indicated moderate to large effect sizes for strength improvements (standardized mean differences: 0.35–1.11), but no changes in calf circumference were observed in either group.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Low-load RT with and without BFR are useful to increase strength without necessarily affecting hypertrophy. Low-intensity BFR training did not confer additional benefits over traditional low-intensity RT for calf muscle strength or circumference, questioning its general advantage under such conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519893,"journal":{"name":"Translational exercise biomedicine","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaun Sutehall, F. Malinsky, Sven Voss, Neil Chester, Xioa Xu, Y. Pitsiladis
{"title":"Practical steps to develop a transcriptomic test for blood doping","authors":"Shaun Sutehall, F. Malinsky, Sven Voss, Neil Chester, Xioa Xu, Y. Pitsiladis","doi":"10.1515/teb-2024-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/teb-2024-0010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Blood doping remains a significant problem that threatens the integrity of sport. The current indirect method for detecting blood doping involves the longitudinal measurement of an athlete’s haematological variables and identification of suspicious results that are indicative of doping (i.e., the athlete biological passport). While this has played a significant role in the protection of clean sport, improvements are needed. The development of a transcriptomic test, that can be used to detect the use of blood doping has been discussed and researched for decades and yet, an anti-doping test that can be adopted by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is yet to be established. With recent advancements in our understanding, as well as in methods of sample collection, the possibility of a transcriptomic test that can be used by WADA, is imminent. There are, however, several practical considerations that must first be made, that will be highlighted in this perspective article.","PeriodicalId":519893,"journal":{"name":"Translational exercise biomedicine","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Associations of strength indices and cycling economy in young adults","authors":"J. Feuerbacher, Moritz Schumann","doi":"10.1515/teb-2024-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/teb-2024-0008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Cycling economy is associated with muscle strength in athletes. However, the relationship between strength capacity (i.e. maximal and explosive strength) and cycling economy in previously untrained but healthy individuals remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the associations between cycling economy and strength performance in a population of recreationally active but untrained healthy individuals.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 155 recreationally active individuals (95 males and 60 females) were included. Strength capacity was assessed through an incremental one-repetition maximum test, from which the one-repetition maximum, mean propulsive velocity, and mean propulsive power were derived as strength indices. Cycling economy was assessed using a step protocol on a cycle ergometer and gross oxygen cost and caloric unit cost were determined at submaximal intensities.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Marginal R2 ranged between 0.013 and 0.062 for the gross oxygen cost and between 0.022 and 0.103 for the gross caloric unit cost, respectively. Greater cycling economy is related to higher strength levels. However, the relationship is relatively weak, explaining only 1.3–6.2 % of the variance in gross oxygen cost and 2.2–10.3 % of the variance in gross caloric unit cost.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Greater cycling economy in recreationally active males and females is related to higher strength levels (i.e. one-repetition maximum, mean propulsive velocity, mean propulsive power).\u0000","PeriodicalId":519893,"journal":{"name":"Translational exercise biomedicine","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel J Wilkinson, Hannah Crossland, Philip J Atherton
{"title":"Metabolomic and proteomic applications to exercise biomedicine.","authors":"Daniel J Wilkinson, Hannah Crossland, Philip J Atherton","doi":"10.1515/teb-2024-2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/teb-2024-2006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>'OMICs encapsulates study of scaled data acquisition, at the levels of DNA, RNA, protein, and metabolite species. The broad objectives of OMICs in biomedical exercise research are multifarious, but commonly relate to biomarker development and understanding features of exercise adaptation in health, ageing and metabolic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This field is one of exponential technical (i.e., depth of feature coverage) and scientific (i.e., in health, metabolic conditions and ageing, multi-OMICs) progress adopting <i>targeted</i> and <i>untargeted</i> approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key findings in exercise biomedicine have led to the identification of OMIC features linking to heritability or adaptive responses to exercise e.g., the forging of GWAS/proteome/metabolome links to cardiovascular fitness and metabolic health adaptations. The recent addition of stable isotope tracing to proteomics ('dynamic proteomics') and metabolomics ('fluxomics') represents the next phase of state-of-the-art in 'OMICS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These methods overcome limitations associated with point-in-time 'OMICs and can be achieved using substrate-specific tracers or deuterium oxide (D<sub>2</sub>O), depending on the question; these methods could help identify how individual protein turnover and metabolite flux may explain exercise responses. We contend application of these methods will shed new light in translational exercise biomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":519893,"journal":{"name":"Translational exercise biomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"9-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11036890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
