Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Changes of Procalcitonin Kinetics According to Renal Clearance in Critically Ill Patients with Primary Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections.","authors":"Hasan Selçuk Özger, Şeref Kerem Çorbacıoğlu, Nazlıhan Boyacı-Dündar, Mehmet Yıldız, Özant Helvacı, Fatma Betül Altın, Melda Türkoğlu, Gülbin Aygencel, Murat Dizbay","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2024.363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between procalcitonin (PCT) kinetic and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) in critically ill patients who had Gram-negative primary bloodstream infection (GN-BSI) and responded to the antimicrobial therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-centered study was retrospective and observational. Critically ill GN-BSI patients over 18 years old who had clinical and microbiological responses to antibiotic treatment were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to eGFR (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m² and ≥30 mL/min/1.73m²) and compared for PCT kinetic at seven different measurement points as initial, first, third, fifth, seventh, tenth, and fourteenth days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 138 patients. Initial PCT levels were higher in patients with eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m² (4.58 [1.36-39.4] ng/mL) than in eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73m² (0.91 [0.32-10.2]) (<i>p</i><0.001). This elevation was present at all measurement points (<i>p</i><0.05). The decrease in PCT values by ≥30% (26.0% vs 47.9%; <i>p</i>=0.024) on the third day and ≥50% (69.2% vs 76.6%; <i>p</i>=0.411) on the fifth day was less in the low eGFR (<30 mL/min/1.73m²) group. The effect of low GFR on serum PCT kinetic was present in both fermenter and non-fermenter GN-BSIs but was more prominent in the fermenter group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum PCT levels during therapy were higher in patients with low eGFR. Early PCT (<5 days) response was not obtained in non-fermenter GN-BSI patients with low eGFR. Antibiotic revision decisions should be made more carefully in patients with low eGFR due to high initial PCT levels and slow PCT kinetic.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 3","pages":"206-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Dynamics of Hepatitis B Infection and Relation of Childhood Vaccination Program in Türkiye: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Okan Derin","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2024.387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hepatitis B is a significant infectious disease on a global scale. The implementation of vaccination programs and other preventive measures (e.g., serologic screening of blood donors) leads to lower rates of new infections with the hepatitis B virus. This study aimed to investigate and compare the evolution of hepatitis B incidence, prevalence and mortality rates along with vaccination rates in Türkiye and worldwide between 1990 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study analyzed open datasets (the Global Burden of Disease and Our World in Data) using descriptive and joinpoint regression analysis to uncover substantial declines in hepatitis B rates from 1990 to 2019, both in Türkiye and globally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average annual percentage change (AAPC) for incidence rates was -1.81 in Türkiye and -1.481 in the global cohort. For prevalence, the AAPC was -2.5244 in Türkiye and -1.4104 globally.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The vaccination rates increased over time and remained at 95% since 2009, suggesting that vaccination efforts effectively reduced the risk of hepatitis B infection among children. This study provided important perspectives for assessing Türkiye's performance in this field and guiding future strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 3","pages":"195-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Tuberculous Pyomyositis of the Left Forearm Muscles.","authors":"Ali Mert, Selda Aydın, Abdurrahman Kaya","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2024.360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyomyositis, often caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, is a rare primary infection of skeletal muscle and is usually associated with abscess formation. Pyomyositis caused by <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosi</i>s is extremely rare. In this paper, by presenting a case of tuberculous pyomyositis, we tried to provide a simple answer to the question of when we should consider <i>M. tuberculosis</i> in the etiology of pyomyositis.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 3","pages":"248-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Carotid and Brachial Artery Wall Thickness Measurement with Cardiovascular Risk Scoring in Individuals Living with HIV.","authors":"Zeynep Bilgiç, Bircan Kayaaslan, Murathan Köksal, Ayşe Kaya-Kalem, Fatma Eser, İmran Hasanoğlu, Rahmet Güner","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2024.323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection affects carotid and brachial artery wall thickness and whether measurement of this thickness contributes to traditional cardiovascular risk scoring in individuals living with HIV.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The patient group included people living with HIV who were followed up in the infectious disease clinic, and the control group included patients without HIV. In both groups, carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured with B-mode ultrasonography (B-USG). cIMT 0.9 mm and above was considered subclinical atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient group consisted of 66, and the control group consisted of 40 participants. The median cIMT of the patient and control groups was 0.92 (0.45-1.45) mm and 0.55 (0.35-1.25) mm, respectively (<i>p</i><0.001). Brachial artery IMT was significantly higher in the patient group with 0.45 (0.30-0.76) mm, while it was 0.35 (0.17-0.50) mm in the control group (<i>p</i><0.001). Although the difference between the cIMT and brachial artery IMT results of the patient and control groups was significant between 18-59 years of age, this difference disappeared in older ages. In the patient group, subclinical atherosclerosis was detected with cIMT in individuals under 30 years of age for whom FRS (Framingham risk score) could not be calculated and in low-risk groups according to FRS (20% and 62.9%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>cIMT and brachial artery IMT were found to be significantly higher in people living with HIV. The cIMT measurement seems to be very useful in calculating the CVD risk in individuals living with HIV, especially at young ages, in catching patients who are overlooked by traditional scoring systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 3","pages":"164-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Dehiscence of Mechanical Aortic Valved Conduit and Distal Anastomotic Leakage due to Endocarditis Caused by <i>Pseudomonas stutzeri</i>.","authors":"Mehmet Emirhan Işık, Adnan Ak, Şirin Menekşe, Münevver Sarı","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2024.350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pseudomonas stutzeri</i> is a gram-negative bacterium that rarely leads to infective endocarditis. We presented an interesting case of late dehiscence of an aortic valve conduit, eight years after the Benthall-DeBono procedure, because of anastomotic leakage from the distal end of the conduit and resultant large pseudoaneurysm and severe paravalvular aortic insufficiency in the setting of infective endocarditis caused by <i>P. stutzeri.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 3","pages":"238-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of the Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach by Telerehabilitation in People Living with HIV: Preliminary Results.","authors":"Süreyya Damar-Örenler, Tuba Damar-Çakırca, Erkin Oğuz Sarı, Ayşen Akgöz, Yavuz Yakut, Edibe Ünal, Ayşenur Tuncer","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2024.292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach, referred to as BETY, is a biopsychosocial model that has demonstrated effectiveness in improving the quality of life among various patient populations with chronic diseases. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of BETY combined with telerehabilitation for people living with HIV (PLWH).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty PLWH who were virologically suppressed receiving follow-up and treatment at Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital were included in this study. Patients were divided into the telerehabilitation group (TG) and the control group (CG). In addition to routine treatments, the TG underwent group rehabilitation exercises via Zoom application for 60 minutes three times a week for 12 weeks (a total of 36 sessions) under the supervision of a physiotherapist, following the principles of BETY. The CG received no intervention and continued with routine medication treatments. Before and after the exercise therapy, the BETY Scale (BETY-BQ), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Clinical Frailty Scale, and Frail Scale were administered to both the TG and the CG. The responses to the scales were compared between the two groups after the 12-week period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The preliminary results included data from 10 patients in the TG and 15 patients in the CG who completed the 12-week treatment. In the TG, significant differences were observed in the SF-36 pain subscale and the BETY total score, while in the CG, significant differences were found in the SF-36 emotional role functioning and vitality subscales (<i>p</i><0.05). In the TG, negative values were observed in all BETY-BQ subscales, indicating improvement in all parameters. Additionally, the mean value of the SF-36 pain subscale increased from 79 before treatment to 91.5 after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our preliminary results indicate that the BETY method applied by telerehabilitation may be effective in reducing pain and improving biopsychosocial conditions in PLWH. Telerehabilitation with cognitive exercise therapy can provide an alternative treatment option by complementing routine therapies and offering the opportunity to participate anonymously in group therapies in PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 3","pages":"154-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Reporting the Same-Day Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Test Results on the Treatment of Bloodstream Infections.","authors":"Mervenur Demir, Gülçin Telli-Dizman, Gülşen Hazırolan, Ömrüm Uzun, Gökhan Metan","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.334","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2024.334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The rise of antibiotic-resistant organisms necessitates the implementation of rapid identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) methods for patient management. We aimed to analyze how rapid ID and AST reporting influenced clinicians' treatment decisions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Bacteria were identified directly from positive blood cultures (BC) using serum separator tubes and MALDI-TOF MS. EUCAST rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing (RAST) method was performed for AST. The impact of rapid ID and AST reports on clinician treatment decisions was evaluated through clinical documentation. The appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy and interventions was assessed according to institutional antimicrobial prescribing guidelines, AST results, and clinical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 128 BC bottles from 86 patients underwent processing. The rapid ID method was successful in 105 (82.1%) bottles obtained from 76 patients. The rapid ID results were reviewed by the Infectious Diseases Team on the same day for 55 (72.4%) of the 76 patients. Following the evaluation, new treatments or interventions were recommended for 28 (36.8%) patients. RAST results were available for 24 patients. The susceptibility profile of seven patients was assessed by the Infectious Diseases Team on the same day. Antimicrobial treatment was escalated in four cases, and de-escalation was made in two based on RAST results. If all rapid results had been assessed, adjustments could have been made for eight (10.5%) and eleven (14.5%) more patients, according to ID and RAST results, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementation of rapid ID and AST may contribute to patient management. Although rapid reporting was made, some results were not evaluated by the clinician on the same day, indicating that communication between the clinician and the laboratory needs to be strengthened.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 2","pages":"123-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11243774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discontinuation of Nucleos(t)ide Analogues in HBeAg Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: Risks and Benefits.","authors":"Pınar Korkmaz, Neşe Demirtürk","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.339","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2024.339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major threat to global public health, affecting 296 million people worldwide. Although there is no curative treatment for CHB today, the virus can be effectively controlled with current antiviral treatment strategies. Since HBsAg loss can rarely (1%) be achieved with current nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) options, lifelong treatment is usually required in HBeAg-negative patients. In recent years, guidelines have stated that long-term NA treatments can be discontinued for HBeAg-negative patients without achieving HBsAg loss. There is no general consensus on how discontinuation of NA can be included in the treatment approach. This review aimed to evaluate the current literature regarding the discontinuation of NA treatment in HBeAg-negative patients. Patients with HBeAg-negative CHB who have a higher chance of response after discontinuation of NA therapy can be defined as non-cirrhotic patients who have low HBsAg, HBcrAg, and HBV RNA levels at the discontinuation of treatment and accept close follow-up. The management of relapses that develop after NA discontinuation in patients is also unclear. The agent used in NA treatment itself may also affect the pattern of relapse development. Relapse after NA treatment occurs significantly slower and less frequently with entecavir compared to other regimens, including tenofovir dipivoxil. Prospective studies are needed in order to maintain the chance of HBsAg clearance in case of exacerbation and to treat acute exacerbations that can be fatal in a timely manner. Algorithms to be developed for use after discontinuation of NA treatment will help the clinician manage the patient safely.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 2","pages":"70-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11243777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Bacterial Identification from Positive Blood Cultures by MALDI-TOF MS Following Short-Term Incubation on Solid Media.","authors":"Mervenur Demir, Gülşen Hazırolan","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.319","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2024.319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the performance of the MALDI-TOF MS short incubation method for bacterial identification at short-term incubation times to improve the reporting of blood cultures. MALDI-TOF MS analysis was conducted at intervals of 2, 4, and 6 hours during the development of microbial biomass on solid media until successful identification was achieved, with a final assessment at 24 hours for conventional identification. Species-level identification rates at the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 24th hours were 57.5%, 83.6%, 93.1%, and 93.1% for Gram-negative bacilli; 12.5%, 42.7%, 76.1%, 97.8% for Gram-positive cocci and 0%, 11.8%, 17.6%, 58.8% for Gram-positive bacilli, respectively. The species-level identification rate was 76.5% for all monomicrobial cultures at the 6th hour. Our results have led us to implement this method into our routine laboratory workflow, and we have started to report rapid identification results for Gram-negative bacteria on the day of blood culture positivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 2","pages":"141-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11243770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Healthcare Workers: An Exploration of Hesitancy Reasons and Suggestions to Improve Vaccination Rates.","authors":"Bahar Madran, İlker Kayı, Ayşe Beşer, Önder Ergönül","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2024.375","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2024.375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs) represents a significant challenge and threat in pandemics. This study aims to identify the predictive factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among HCWs and offer strategies to increase the COVID-19 vaccination rate in healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study constitutes the qualitative portion (second part) of a mixed-methods doctoral thesis employing an explanatory design. It was conducted in two distinct pandemic hospitals and involved 23 vaccine-hesitant HCWs. To conduct the interviews, the researchers developed a semi-structured interview form based on the Health Belief Model (HBM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon analyzing the in-depth interviews, we identified six primary reasons for vaccine hesitancy and four different sub-reasons that reinforce vaccine hesitancy. We also collected four key suggestions from vaccine-hesitant HCWs that could potentially persuade them to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study's findings, which encompass the identification of reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, clarification of underlying factors contributing to hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccines, and gathering suggestions from HCWs on how to persuade them to get vaccinated, hold significant value for guiding vaccination campaigns during potential future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 2","pages":"83-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11243779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}