Consortium psychiatricum最新文献

{"title":"Mechanisms and Functions of the Cerebral-Cognitive Reserve in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Alena Sidenkova, Vasilisa Litvinenko, Vladimir Bazarny, Alexei Rezaikin, Alexander Zakharov, Lyudmila Baranskaya, Ekaterina Babushkina","doi":"10.17816/CP15526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/CP15526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The need for scientific knowledge about aging is predicated on the demand of modern society to extend the active life of a person. To maintain intellectual longevity, it is necessary to take into account not only the pathological, but also compensatory mechanisms that arise during aging. The cerebral-cognitive reserve (CCR) influences the rate of transition from pre-phenomenological stages to the clinical stage of the disease, thereby changing the prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this work was to review meta-analyses from studies that have examined the principles and functions of the CCR in people with AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The work included 83 scientific publications devoted to the issues of the CCR in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. The Results and Discussion sections of this article provide reviews of the results of 12 meta-analyses published from 2012 to 2024 and selected from the PubMed and eLibrary databases using the following keywords in English and Russian: \"cerebral reserve\", \"cognitive \"reserve\", and \"Alzheimer's disease\". The scope of the definition was not limited, since the goal here was to determine the terminological boundaries of the concepts of \"cognitive reserve\" and \"single brain reserve\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The modern understanding of AD as a biological continuum covering the preclinical, prodromal, and clinical phases of the disease makes it possible to infer that insufficiency of protective factors underlies the progression of AD. The cognitive reserve is involved in the sanogenetic protective mechanism during neurodegeneration. The cognitive reserve is a theoretical concept that reflects modern research's understanding of how the integrative functioning of the brain (cerebral) and cognitive reserves extend the period of active intellectual longevity through energy-saving mechanisms. It considers these mechanisms as central to healthy mental activity and in slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. At some point, an increase in excess interneuronal activity that reflects the hypercompensatory function of the reserve would accelerate the depletion of brain structures and contribute to clinical and psychopathological manifestations of AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The concept of the CCR puts the spotlight on the need to determine the compensatory indicators of cognitive deficit in AD, assess the architecture and volume of the reserve, and develop and follow protocols for its maintenance. It appears just as crucial to adopt measures to prevent the Reserve's depletion as early as at the preclinical stages of the disease. Elaborating protective and compensatory mechanisms that help to maintain the functional activity of the brain in conditions of neurodegeneration, that is, CCR, require further research and can form a conceptual basis for the prevention of AD, starting from the preclinical stages o","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 3","pages":"17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rising Cases of Suicide among Nigerians: What Are the Risk Factors, Prevention, and Remedies?","authors":"Nnaemeka Chukwudum Abamara, Onyinye Ezinne Ozongwu","doi":"10.17816/CP15497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/CP15497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating suicide rate in Nigeria, exacerbated by economic, political, health, and social crises, represents a pressing concern. The aftermath of the global COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns has exacerbated this issue, particularly in African nations with bare-bones governmental support systems. This paper examines the underlying causes of the alarming number of suicides in Nigeria, utilizing interviews to explore the risk factors, preventative measures adopted, and crisis interventions. Our findings reveal that spousal conflicts, job loss, and bereavement are significant triggers of suicidal ideation. Recommendations include fostering supportive environments, crisis interventions, and psychological rehabilitation services. Urgent attention is warranted to address this growing trend and mitigate its socioeconomic repercussions in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 3","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual Burden of Illness Index in Bipolar Disorder Remission: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Egor Chumakov, Yulia Ashenbrenner, Anton Gvozdetskii, Oleg Limankin, Nataliia Petrova","doi":"10.17816/CP15471","DOIUrl":"10.17816/CP15471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A population-based method for estimating disease burden is commonly used. Nevertheless, these measurements do not entirely capture the comprehensive burden of illness on an individual patient. To address the problem, the Individual Burden of Illness Index (IBI index) Index was created and validated, specifically for major depressive disorder. The IBI represents the overall influence of the condition, encompassing distress from symptom intensity, functional impairment, and the patient's quality of life.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study was to approve and validate the IBI index for the integral assessment of disease burden in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient psychiatric services in Saint Petersburg, Russia, from April through October 2020. Eighty-five patients aged 18 to 45 (mean age 36.6±5.7 years) with BD (type I - 75%, <i>n</i>=64; type II - 25%, <i>n</i>=21) in remission were examined. The study procedure included a structured clinical interview and the use of clinical scales: the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), and Personal and the Social Performance Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The principal component analysis in accordance with the adjusted one showed that the burden of illness in patients with BD in remission is directly related to the severity of residual depressive symptoms, reflected in the HDRS score: as the HDRS score increases (0.27, <i>p</i> <0.001), residual mania (-0.14, <i>p</i> <0.001), social functioning (-0.06, <i>p</i> <0.001), and quality of life (-0.04, <i>p</i> <0.001) decrease. In contrast, when there are remaining residual mania symptoms, as indicated by the YMRS score, the result tends to be a lower burden, better social functioning, and enhanced quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study has demonstrated through statistical means a successful adaptation and validation of the previously calculated IBI index for patients with BD in remission. Residual affective symptoms were shown to have different impacts on the social functioning of patients with BD in remission, indicating the need for a timely assessment and targeted therapy of these symptoms in such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 2","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Neurophysiological Markers of Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Diagnostic Study.","authors":"Klavdiya Telesheva, Valeria Savenkova, Irina Morozova, Aleksandra Ochneva, Angelina Zeltser, Denis Andreyuk, Alexander Reznik, Vladimir Mukhin, Georgy Melkonyan, Karine Lytkina, Andrey Mitrofanov, Anna Morozova","doi":"10.17816/CP15512","DOIUrl":"10.17816/CP15512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies suggest that the components of brain-evoked potentials (EPs) may serve as biomarkers of the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by participation in combat operations; however, to date, research remains fragmented, with no studies that have attempted to combine different paradigms. In addition, the mismatch negativity component has not been studied in a Russian sample of veterans with PTSD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify objective neurophysiological markers of combat-related PTSD using the method of auditory-evoked potentials in active and passive listening paradigms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included a recording of auditory EPs in an oddball paradigm in three settings: 1) directed attention to auditory stimuli, 2) passive listening while viewing a neutral video sequence, and 3) viewing a video sequence associated with a traumatic event. Combatants diagnosed with PTSD (18 people) were compared with mentally healthy civilian volunteers (22 people).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An increase in the latency period of the early components of auditory EP (N100 and P200), an increase in the amplitude of the P200 component to a deviant stimulus, and a decrease to a standard one in the active listening paradigm were established in the PTSD group. There were no significant differences in the parameters of the P300 component. The characteristics of mismatch negativity in the passive paradigm were revealed: an increase in the phenomenon amplitude, both when shown a video sequence associated with a traumatic event and when shown a neutral video sequence. A binary logistic regression model constructed using the selected parameters showed that the identified characteristics can potentially be considered as diagnostic markers of PTSD in combatants, as the classification accuracy stood at 87% (sensitivity - 81%, specificity - 91%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Potential neurophysiological markers of PTSD are the following: the amplitude and latency of early components of auditory EPs in the paradigm of directed attention to stimuli and the amplitude of mismatch negativity during passive attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 2","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the Strategy of Genome-Wide Association Studies to Identify Genetic Markers of Suicidal Behavior: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Vsevolod Rozanov, Galina Mazo","doi":"10.17816/CP15495","DOIUrl":"10.17816/CP15495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies involving various suicidal phenotypes based on the strategy of the search of genome-wide associations with single nucleotide polymorphisms have been performed recently. These studies need to be generalized.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To systematize the findings of a number of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for suicidal phenotypes, annotate the identified markers, analyze their functionality, and possibly substantiate the hypothesis holding that these phenotypes reflect a nonspecific set of gene variants that are relevant as relates to stress-vulnerability as a key endophenotype of suicidal behavior (SB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search on the PubMed and related resources using the combinations \"suicide AND GWAS\" and \"suicidal behavior AND GWAS\" was performed. It yielded a total of 34 independent studies and meta-analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the 10 years since such studies emerged, they have undergone significant progress. Estimates of the SNP heritability of SB in some cases are comparable with estimates of heritability based on the twin method. Many studies show a high genetic correlation with the genomic markers of the most common mental disorders (depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder). At the same time, a genomic architecture specific to SB is also encountered. Studies utilizing the GWAS strategy have not revealed any associations of SB with candidate genes that had been previously studied in detail (different neurotransmitters, stress response system, polyamines, etc.). Frequently reported findings from various studies belong in three main groups: 1) genes involved in cell interactions, neurogenesis, the development of brain structures, inflammation, and the immune responses; 2) genes encoding receptors for neurotrophins and various components of the intracellular signaling systems involved in synaptic plasticity, embryonic development, and carcinogenesis; and 3) genes encoding various neuro-specific proteins and regulators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In general, GWAS in the field of suicidology mainly serve the purpose of a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior. However, they also demonstrate growing capability in terms of predicting and preventing suicide, especially when calculating the polygenic risk score among certain populations (psychiatric patients) and in combination with tests of different modalities. From our point of view, there exists a set of markers revealed by the GWAS strategy that seems to point to a leading role played by stress vulnerability, an endophenotype that is formed during early development and which subsequently comes to play the role of key pathogenetic mechanism in SB.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 2","pages":"63-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Associations of Anhedonia: Insights into Overlap of Mental and Somatic Disorders.","authors":"Evgeny Kasyanov, Darya Pinakhina, Aleksandr Rakitko, Ekaterina Vergasova, Danat Yermakovich, Grigoriy Rukavishnikov, Larisa Malyshko, Yaroslav Popov, Elena Kovalenko, Anna Ilinskaya, Anna Kim, Nikolay Plotnikov, Nikolay Neznanov, Valeriy Ilinsky, Aleksandr Kibitov, Galina Mazo","doi":"10.17816/CP15494","DOIUrl":"10.17816/CP15494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anhedonia is characterized by a reduced ability to anticipate, experience, and/or learn about pleasure. This phenomenon has a transdiagnostic nature and is one of the key symptoms of mood disorders, schizophrenia, addictions, and somatic conditions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the genetic architecture of anhedonia and its overlap with other mental disorders and somatic conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a genome-wide association study of anhedonia on a sample of 4,520 individuals from a Russian non-clinical population. Using the available summary statistics, we calculated polygenic risk scores (PRS) to investigate the genetic relationship between anhedonia and other psychiatric or somatic phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No variants with a genome-wide significant association were identified. PRS for major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia were significantly associated with anhedonia. Conversely, no significant associations were found between PRS for anxiety and anhedonia, which aligns well with existing clinical evidence. None of the PRS for somatic phenotypes attained a significance level after correction for multiple comparisons. A nominal significance for the anhedonia association was determined for omega-3 fatty acids, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and Crohn's disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anhedonia has a complex polygenic architecture, and its presence in somatic diseases or normal conditions may be due to a genetic predisposition to mood disorders or schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 2","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Hematological Ratios in Adolescents with Mental Disorders: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Mikhail Popov, Yuri Popov, Dmitry Kosterin, Olga Lepik","doi":"10.17816/CP15514","DOIUrl":"10.17816/CP15514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgound: </strong>Inflammatory hematological ratios (IHRs), such as neutrophil to lymphocyte, monocyte to lymphocyte, and platelet to lymphocyte ratios, are associated with mental disorders, symptoms severity, and the disease phase. Evidence from the studies in adult patients has been summarized in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The results of the studies in adolescents remain poorly systematized.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To summarize the findings from the studies that investigated the relationship of IHRs with mental disorders in adolescent patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review included studies of IHRs in patients aged 10-19 years with mental disorders (other than anorexia nervosa), published in English by December 31, 2023. The search for relevant papers was performed in MEDLINE. The studies were categorized into two groups: studies with external controls (healthy adolescents) and studies with internal controls (patients in different phases of mental disorder, with or without self-harm/suicidal behaviors).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11 studies were included in the review (all cross-sectional ones). The results of these studies demonstrate that 1) adolescents with mental disorders (major depressive disorder, psychotic disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorders) have higher IHR values than individuals of the same age without corresponding disorders (5 studies); 2) IHR values are positively correlated with the severity of psychopathological symptoms (1 study); 3) higher IHR values are associated with the phase of the mental disorder - manic episode in bipolar disorder (1 study) and exacerbation of psychosis in psychotic disorders (1 study); and 4) higher IHR values are associated with self-harm/suicidal behaviors - suicide attempts (1 study) and non-suicidal self-injury (1 study).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IHRs are associated with mental disorders in adolescents, and higher IHR values are associated with a more severe/acute clinical presentation (severity of symptoms, mania, acute psychosis, self-harm/suicidal behaviors). Further studies of higher methodological quality are needed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of IHRs as biomarkers of mental disorders in adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 2","pages":"45-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Responses of Patients in Delirious Mania: A Case Series.","authors":"Raj K Sahu, Ajayveer Rana","doi":"10.17816/CP15501","DOIUrl":"10.17816/CP15501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirious mania (DM) is a severe psychiatric condition having rapid onset of delirium, mania, and psychosis. It is an emergency condition as it has acute onset and is characterized by extreme hyperactivity. Catatonic signs may also be present. Very few cases have been reported from India, hence making it imperative to study its clinical characteristics and possible treatment, which can help in providing care to such patients in emergency settings.</p><p><strong>Clinical cases description: </strong>This paper describes four cases with a diagnosis of DM - demography, clinical features, investigations, treatment. All the patients had an acute onset and rapid progression of symptoms, with clinical symptoms of talkativeness, increased psychomotor activity, decreased need for sleep, aggressive and violent behavior, increased libido, increased appetite with delusion of grandiosity, disorientation to time/place/person, impaired memory of recent events, impaired attention with fluctuating course, negativism, echolalia, and echopraxia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a high likelihood of misdiagnosing DM in the absence of diagnostic guidelines. There should be an active search for the underlying aetiology in all cases of DM. Atypical antipsychotics and mood stabilizers may be used to treat less severe forms of DM. Modified electric convulsive treatment and intravenous benzodiazepines elicit a good response.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 2","pages":"78-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide Attempt Violence: Gender Differences, Diagnosis and Psychiatric Care Seeking in Mexico City.","authors":"Danae Alejandra Juárez-Domínguez, Karen Michelle Arteaga-Contreras, Héctor Cabello Rangel","doi":"10.17816/CP13457","DOIUrl":"10.17816/CP13457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide cases in Mexico have increased during the last two years and are the second-leading cause of death in the young adult population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe gender differences in violent suicide attempts as relates to diagnosis and the seeking of psychiatric care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive retrospective study was conducted. The referral forms of 241 patients who had attempted suicide were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 29.1 (SD=10.8) years, <i>n</i>=140 (58.1%) of the sample were women. Affective disorders were the most frequent diagnoses for both sexes. Women were more likely to delay seeking psychiatric care: 60 days versus 30 days of delay for men (<i>p</i>=0.009). Men were shown to more frequently resort to violent suicide methods. Both women and men who used violent suicide methods were shown to delay by more days the seeking of psychiatric care than those who were found to have used non-violent suicide methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that patients who use more violent methods of suicide took longer before seeking psychiatric care. This delay in accessing psychiatric care can be thought to contribute to the fact that completed suicides are more frequent within that category of patients. The majority of suicide attempts occurred in the 17-24 years age group; therefore, it seems reasonable to analyze the existing barriers to seeking psychiatric care, mainly in the young adult population, and to design strategies to bring mental health services closer to this population group.</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"5 1","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11249396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety Profiles of Antipsychotic Drugs as Viewed by Psychiatrists: A Comparative Analysis of Cariprazine and Risperidone.","authors":"Anton N Gvozdeckii, Alla E Dobrovolskaya, Galina A Prokopovich, Aleksandr H Sofronov","doi":"10.17816/CP12049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/CP12049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physicians hold the belief that the treatment outcomes and the treatment strategy they eventually adopt is largely determined by the differences in medications. Despite numerous studies focusing on the decision-making processes of psychiatrists, including the choice of antipsychotics when prescribing pharmacotherapy, the impact of therapeutic drug profiling on physicians' decision-making remains poorly comprehended.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study is to assess the quantitative differences in perceptions of antipsychotics by psychiatrists using cariprazine and risperidone as examples.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 79 psychiatrists were interviewed anonymously in St. Petersburg, Russia. The physicians documented the clinical advantages they perceived drugs to possess relative to one another, following a predetermined principle: A B, A=B, A B (2-AC protocol). The comparison is based on eleven parameters that assess the effectiveness and safety of cariprazine or risperidone. It has been hypothesized that the pattern of responses (qualitative difference) and the degree of preference for each drug (quantitative difference) may not align with the data in the original meta-analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The perception parameter exhibited a greater difference than anticipated (δ - 0.889), while the threshold for differentiating between the drugs was lower (τ - 1.001). The response pattern only aligned with theory by 44.37%. The dispersion of responses was associated with the length of work experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The perceived difference between the drugs significantly deviates from the theoretical data, both in terms of strength of perception and pattern (quantitative and qualitative differences).</p>","PeriodicalId":519873,"journal":{"name":"Consortium psychiatricum","volume":"4 4","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11009978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}