Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development最新文献

{"title":"Locally supported, values-based framework for a university foodservice program: Results of a Delphi study","authors":"C. Campbell","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.006","url":null,"abstract":"Institutional foodservice programs provide food in kindergarten through twelfth-grade (K–12) school cafeterias, hospitals, prisons, and institutions of higher education. Values-based procurement pri­oritizes certain values or criteria in addition to price. Institutions where values-based procurement policies have been adopted have increased the proportion of procurement dollars that go to local farms and are spent on products receiving third-party certifications for sustainability, farmworker justice, and animal welfare. Several programs exist to support institutions seeking to adopt and implement values-based procurement practices. However, there have been difficulties with imple­menting programs that have metrics that were not designed based on the local context where the institution is located, particularly for institutions of higher education. This study used the Delphi technique to identify expert consensus on values and metrics based on the local context that could be used as the foundation for a values-based framework for a university dining program. Our study identified eight core values and six categories of metrics that were supported by local and region­al food systems stakeholders at the University of Florida and in the surrounding community. Other higher education institutions can apply and adapt these values and metrics to their local contexts or can use our consensus-building process as a model to develop a set of values and metrics for their institutional procurement program, tailored to their local context.","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72779386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can you have it your way? The consequences of racial capitalism in fast food in America","authors":"Tristian Lee","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.009","url":null,"abstract":"First paragraph: White Burgers, Black Cash deftly traces the inter­twined history of fast food, race, and capital in America. The goal of this monograph is to chart the racial and spatial pathways fast food has tra­v­eled, from its genesis in the early twentieth cen­tury to the contemporary moment—where it has become heavily concentrated in Black communi­ties. From the onset, Naa Oyo A. Kwate sets the tone for the rest of the study, stating, “Fast food has always been a fundamentally anti-Black enter­prise” (p. xiii). The introduction shows how the anti-Blackness of fast food goes beyond health disparities, and instead is rooted in the subordina­tion of Blackness throughout history. The book sets out to outline the history of fast food’s color line, with an emphasis on three cities: New York, Chicago, and Washington D.C. . . .","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90760948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raising awareness and advocating change: The work of Nova Scotia food security NGOs","authors":"Greg Cameron, Julia Roach, S. Dukeshire, Delaney Keys","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.007","url":null,"abstract":"Although Nova Scotia nongovernmental organiza­tions (NGOs) have been working on local food security for many years, there is limited research that has analyzed their activities and impacts. Employing the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations' (FAO) four dimensions of food security—food availability, food access, food utilization, and food stability—to guide data collec­tion and analysis, we examined the work of nine Nova Scotia NGOs through document analysis, media analysis, and interviews with NGO repre­sentatives. We categorized the findings according to two broad themes of raising community aware­ness and conducting research/policy advocacy, and two more focused themes of partnerships and funding. We then discussed the rich array of food security “orientations” throughout the province, spanning community food security, household food insecurity, food justice, food sovereignty, and policy work. We found that the FAO’s four crite­ria, based as they are on larger scales (e.g., the national level), could not easily capture the myriad commu­nity-level food security work in Nova Sco­tia. We did note, however, that at the subnational level, indicators point to the continued dominance of the agri-food system in the province. We suggest that the relations forged by the food security NGOs with local universities and civic organiza­tions could be reinvigorated in the post-COVID era with longer-term, joined-up sustainable food policy approaches coupled with institutional mapping of key actors.","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91157078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding justice in the food movements","authors":"Xiaoya Yuan","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.008","url":null,"abstract":"First paragraph: Justin Sean Myers’ Growing Gardens, Building Power: Food Justice and Urban Agriculture in Brooklyn docu­ments the emergence and development of urban agriculture in East New York. Using food as a lens, the book presents a detailed account of a commu­nity’s collective effort to confront its racialized history of segregation and disinvestment and simultaneously fight for food sovereignty and social justice. . . .","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85828785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the profitability of scaling up for retail access: Lessons from local salad mix in Southeast Michigan","authors":"Jennifer Gerhart, Philip Howard","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.003","url":null,"abstract":"Changes to the supermarket supply chain in recent decades have “squeezed out” local and small farmers in exchange for more consolidated and global suppliers. As a result, these small-scale farmers have turned to more direct-to-consumer markets, which capture a higher price point but also bear higher marketing costs. Previous research indicates potential saturation and lack of profita­bility in this market type. Researchers have explored strategies for “scaling up” local farmers into intermediary supply chains, such as grocery retail, and have tested the profitability of hybrid marketing strategies with positive results. However, there are very few studies that utilize production costs to test market feasibility, and even fewer that include retailer willingness-to-pay estimates. To assess strategies from the perspectives of both producers and buyers, this study uses salad mix in Southeast Michigan as a pilot case. Farmer-generated production costs incurred for strategies and production types were estimated in focus groups, and retailer willingness-to-pay estimates were obtained in interviews. The analysis suggests that a combination of more efficient harvest technology and central processing would have the greatest impact on increasing profitability, but the dramatic effect that central processing has on output price makes it the most feasible strategy for small-scale farmers. In addition, the minimal costs of organic certification for small farmers are likely to be justified by the price premium that grocery retailers are willing to pay. Hydroponic production may be challenging to break even at a smaller scale but could potentially meet retailers’ price prefer­ences at larger scales. Pairing production cost estimates with buyer willingness-to-pay estimates may generate more comprehensive assessments of the relative profitability of potential scaling-up strategies. This method could be applied to other crops, regions, and produce buyers by cooperative extension, nonprofit, or local government person­nel working with small farmers on their market development plans.","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79741502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ECONOMIC PAMPHLETEER: Agri-food corporations are not real people; why does it matter?","authors":"J. Ikerd","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.001","url":null,"abstract":"First paragraph: Corporations are not real people. This may seem obvious, but for more than a hundred years the U.S. Supreme Court has recognized corporations as legal persons with many of the same constitutional rights as real people (Torres-Spelliscy, 2014). Why does it matter? Because corporations can do things that real people can’t and yet are immune to legal liabilities that real people must consider. The lack of economic com­petitiveness in agri-food markets is one conse­quence of treating corporations as real people. So is the lack of government protection of farm and food workers from exploitation and the natural environment from extraction and pollution. Recent examples include concerns about corporate price gouging following the COVID-19 pandemic (Reich, 2022) and the weakening of the Environ­mental Protection Agency’s authority to restrict corporate pollution (Feldscher, 2022). . . .","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88210303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farming for sociologists: A new key text for rural sociologists","authors":"Danielle Schmidt","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.004","url":null,"abstract":"First paragraphs: What is farming for? What are the objectives? How should it relate to nature and wider society?” (p. 121) asks Jan Douwe van der Ploeg in his new book, The Sociology of Farming: Concepts and Methods. As an accomplished interdisciplinary scholar making significant contributions to the fields of rural sociology, agroecology, and peasant studies, van der Ploeg offers emerging and sea­soned scholars alike an overview of the wide array of challenges and opportunities in contemporary agrifood systems research. Examples of applied, interdisciplinary, and creative methodological approaches make for an accessible, structured reading experience that thoughtfully guides the reader through rich and substantial content. Chapter by chapter, readers are routinely asked to orient themselves to questions of power, particularly when presented with what is “right” in agriculture. Through discussions of rural development, market dominance, and peasant struggles, the text provides a critical foundation for future study directions.…","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74909278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"We need a better system\": Maryland crop growers' perspectives on reducing food loss through donation","authors":"Caitlin A Ceryes, Kathryn Heley, Danielle Edwards, Chergai Gao-Rittenberg, Leah Seifu, Saifra Khan Sohail, R. Neff","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.002","url":null,"abstract":"The donation of unharvested or unsold crops to rescue organizations has been promoted as a strat­egy to improve healthy food access for food inse­cure households while reducing production-level food loss and waste (FLW). In this study, we aimed to assess the motivations, barriers, and facili­tators for crop donation as a FLW reduction strat­egy among Maryland farmers. We interviewed 18 Maryland-based food producers (nine frequent crop donors and nine infrequent, by self-report) in 2016 – 2017, soliciting their perspectives on crop donation motivators, process feasibility, and inte­r­ventions aimed at increasing crop donation. The interviews were thematically coded. All respond­ents were aware of crop donation as an option, and most expressed interest in reducing FLW by divert­ing crop surpluses for human consumption. While financial barriers represented one aspect influenc­ing donation decisions, respondents also cited con­venience, process knowledge, and liability as key considerations. In contrast to frequent donors, many of whom considered donation a moral imperative, some infrequent donors questioned the expectation that they would donate crops without compensation. Both frequent and infrequent donors were aware of pro-donation tax incentives, and infrequent donors reported being unlikely to use them. This research demonstrates that crop donation motivations, barriers, and facilitators can be diverse. Given the existence of crop surpluses and their potential benefits as emergency food, our results suggest that multiple interventions and poli­cies may contribute to incentivizing and facilitating crop donation (or enabling the purchase of surplus crops) rather than one-size-fits-all approaches. Our findings also highlight a need to prioritize crop recovery methods that enhance growers’ financial stability.","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87283670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IN THIS ISSUE: Small is beautiful, but ...","authors":"D. Hilchey","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.123.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.123.017","url":null,"abstract":"First paragraphs: On the cover of our spring 2023 issue (volume 12, issue 3), Samantha and Chris Kemnah enjoy a moment with their cows on Clover Bliss Farm, their 190-acre farm in South Argyle, New York. You can read more about the Kemnahs in a 2018 article in the Hill Country Observer by Tracy Frisch entitled “An escape route from dairy farming’s crisis?” Alas, the economic pressure Frisch referred to five years ago has remained for small dairy farmers—and particularly for small organic dairy farms. Since that article was written, the consumption of fluid milk has continued to decline even as organic milk has flooded into the limited market. In 2021, Danone North America (owner of the Horizon Milk brand) cancelled contracts with dozens of small organic dairy farms in the Northeast U.S., triggering an economic crisis and calling into question Danone’s certified B Corporation status. Observers have wondered, how could a company that promotes itself as farm-friendly not offer a more engaging and deliberative process in making such a consequential business decision? But this case triggers an even larger question: while small may be beautiful, can small and middle-scale also be resilient, even in a triple bottom-line context? . . .","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82386006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and Pennsylvania farmers: Financial impacts, relief programs, and resiliency strategies during the 2020 growing season","authors":"Christopher Murakami, M. Seidel, Chia-Lin Tsai, J. Pope","doi":"10.5304/jafscd.2023.123.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.123.016","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports the findings of a multimethod study of the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Pennsylvania (PA) farmers during the 2020 growing season. Previous research on resili­ency and the food system has encouraged explor­ing ways to describe the agency and adaptability of farmers as they respond to changing conditions. Further, the research has documented the ways that governments intervene to maintain the overall structure of the food system. This study utilized a three-part framework that focused on (a) under­standing the impact of the pandemic on PA farm­ers, (b) describing farmer adaptation strategies and direct-to-consumer marketing practices, and (c) documenting federal relief program participation. The project included an anonymous survey of more than 300 farmers and semi-structured interviews with a subset of 16 farmers. Based on the findings from the survey, under half (42%) of farmers reported a loss of revenue, while over half reported either no change or an increase in revenue in 2020. We also found that vegetable farmers fared slightly better than livestock/dairy farmers; those with a higher pre-COVID revenue did better than those with a lower pre-COVID revenue; and farms that were able to increase direct-to-consumer sales maintained or increased their total revenues. About half of the farmers surveyed participated in federal aid programs, yet a portion of small farms indicated they did not know whether they qualified for this funding. We discuss the unprecedented scale of federal aid to farmers in 2020 and the remaining access gaps for smaller farmers. Addi­tionally, we discuss the potentially protective role of direct-to-consumer sales for enhancing the resilience of regional food systems.","PeriodicalId":51829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Food Systems and Community Development","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80057333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}