World Patent Information最新文献

Advancing patent law with generative AI: Human-in-the-loop systems for AI-assisted drafting, prior art search, and multimodal IP protection

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102341

Luong Vu Bui

{"title":"Advancing patent law with generative AI: Human-in-the-loop systems for AI-assisted drafting, prior art search, and multimodal IP protection","authors":"Luong Vu Bui","doi":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming patent law by automating complex tasks that traditionally demand significant legal and technical expertise. This paper examines AI-assisted systems designed to enhance patent drafting, prior art searches, and multimodal intellectual property (IP) protection. Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) frameworks play a crucial role in ensuring that AI-generated outputs remain accurate, legally compliant, and ethically sound, augmenting human expertise rather than replacing it.</div><div>We evaluate the applicability of LLMs such as GPT-4, Claude, and Gemini for patent-related tasks, highlighting their advantages and limitations. The study also explores critical challenges, including GDPR compliance, issues of interpretability, and the impact of outdated training data. Furthermore, strategies to mitigate AI-generated “hallucinations” and optimize prompt engineering for patent-specific applications are discussed. A comparative analysis of industry-leading platforms like Google Patents, PatSnap, and LexisNexis illustrates how AI tools are being integrated into patent workflows.</div><div>The paper provides both theoretical insights and practical recommendations for integrating AI into legal systems. By addressing the technical and ethical implications of AI-generated inventions, the study underscores the importance of transparency, accountability, and robust human oversight. This research aims to guide the seamless integration of AI technologies into patent law, promoting efficiency, accuracy, and compliance in an increasingly complex innovation landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51794,"journal":{"name":"World Patent Information","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of patentability factors and its impact on claim protection and prosecution timelines for pharmaceutical patents

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102334

Jyosna Devi Ravula , Ramakrishna Nirogi , Manthan D. Janodia

{"title":"Analysis of patentability factors and its impact on claim protection and prosecution timelines for pharmaceutical patents","authors":"Jyosna Devi Ravula , Ramakrishna Nirogi , Manthan D. Janodia","doi":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pharmaceutical industry faces unique challenges in patent prosecution due to the broad scope of innovations that patents cover. Navigating the patent prosecution process is arduous due to various factors, including its inherent complexity and the potential for patentability rejections. The study developed a new dataset containing the Orange Book listed patents based on USFDA calendar year 2020 approvals. It aimed to analyze the patent prosecution process, specifically examining the severity of office action rejections through the patent rejection severity scale and their impact on prosecution timelines. Out of 437 patents, the claim scope significantly changed for 322 (65 primary and 257 secondary) during prosecution. The results indicated that the obviousness rejections occurred more frequently for secondary patents, with a rate of 72.76 % (187/257), compared to primary patents with 33.85 % (22/65). Further analysis revealed a strong association between the severity of office action rejections and the number of office actions (p-value of 0.0036) and prosecution time (p-value of 0.0008) for secondary patents. The study also emphasized the necessity of implementing various strategies and the use of experimental data to mitigate patentability rejections and circumvent prosecution delays. This information could provide practical insights to patent practitioners dealing with rejections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51794,"journal":{"name":"World Patent Information","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating application of large language models to biomedical patent claim generation

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102339

Feng-Chi Chen , Chia-Lin Pan , AIPlux Development Team

引用次数: 0

Innovations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of non-profit and public institutions

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102340

José Alberto Solis-Navarrete

{"title":"Innovations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of non-profit and public institutions","authors":"José Alberto Solis-Navarrete","doi":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has devastated health, the economy, and overall well-being. However, scientific research and technological advancements have played a crucial role in reducing vulnerability to the disease, mainly through the development and distribution of vaccines. This paper explores potential innovations arising from the pandemic, focusing on patent analysis related to COVID-19, particularly from non-profit and public institutions. This research has identified over seven thousand patents granted for medical preparations, vaccine development compounds, and diagnostic, preventative, and treatment instruments, with the United States, China, and India leading in their production. Non-profit and public institutions in Brazil, France, China, and South Korea have also contributed to developing potential innovations. The study highlights the need for a comprehensive global and regional analysis of patents related to COVID-19, regardless of their type, sector of origin, or application. This research can guide academia and public policy in fostering innovation for present and future health challenges by exploring the role and potential of public and non-profit institutions in generating social innovations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51794,"journal":{"name":"World Patent Information","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new indicator to evaluate the quality of patent claims of additive manufacturing applicants in the US and EP

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102335

Kuo-tsan Liu, Wenchuan Chang

{"title":"A new indicator to evaluate the quality of patent claims of additive manufacturing applicants in the US and EP","authors":"Kuo-tsan Liu, Wenchuan Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The quality of patent application claims determines a patent's scope of protection and legal value. This study defines a new indicator based on claims structure to measure claim coverage, evaluate individual patents, and compare the strengths and weaknesses of competitors' patent portfolios in additive manufacturing technology. The new indicator's credibility is verified by comparing literature indicators.</div><div>Claim drafting is highly influenced by the official fees and legal regulations of national patent offices. Seven main additive manufacturing companies were selected to investigate their claim drafting strategies when applying for European patents while claiming priority in the United States. The indicators are shown on 2D maps of individual patents and patent portfolios. The ATT indicator is defined by independent claims representing attack strength, the DEF indicator is defined by dependent claims representing defense ability, and the TOT indicator is the sum of both. These indicators also represent the technical value of the patented invention, because more claims can be drafted for an invention with a wider range of technologies or more embodiments. 3D Systems and Stratasys make good use of domestic claim regulations to obtain higher patent values in the United States and Europe while minimizing fees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51794,"journal":{"name":"World Patent Information","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge production in technological innovation system: A comprehensive evaluation using a multi-criteria framework based on patent data—a case study on hydrogen storage

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102337

Marina Flamand , Vincent Frigant , Stéphane Miollan

引用次数: 0

Anti-acne cosmetics and cosmeceutical patentometric profile 抗痤疮化妆品和化妆品专利计量学简介

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102338

Natália Maria Borges Ladeira , Zípora Morgana Quinteiro dos Santos , Ronise Suzuki , Alan de Souza , Marcelo Gomes Speziali

{"title":"Anti-acne cosmetics and cosmeceutical patentometric profile","authors":"Natália Maria Borges Ladeira , Zípora Morgana Quinteiro dos Santos , Ronise Suzuki , Alan de Souza , Marcelo Gomes Speziali","doi":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study delves into acne vulgaris, a chronic skin condition, marked by inflammation within the pilosebaceous unit. The significant economic burden of acne treatment is reflected in a burgeoning market poised for further expansion. Through patentometric analysis, aiming to identify technological trends, the research underscores the critical role of this method in identifying strategic opportunities within the anti-acne cosmetics and cosmeceuticals domain, pointing out China, the USA, South Korea, and Japan as pivotal in creating and consuming anti-acne technologies. The patent data reveals a pronounced focus on medicine and pharmacology, especially those derived from plant and animal sources. Patent applications have declined post-2017 suggesting shifts in research and development priorities and challenges in pioneering effective products. The applicants' temporal analysis and S-curve reflect the sector's maturity and growth trajectory. Despite the significant economic and societal burden of acne vulgaris, there is a lack of comprehensive studies that integrate patentometric insights with strategic market analysis, particularly focusing on the evolving trends in anti-acne technologies. This study includes the competitiveness indicators provided for the top companies worldwide. These indicators (e.g. patenting activity, technological share, average patent quality, patent strength, etc.) showed the strategic positioning of those actors. Ultimately, the paper proposes that the insights garnered could serve as a foundation for strategic allocation of financial and innovative efforts, underlining the need for advancements in treating acne vulgaris, a condition currently lacking a definitive cure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51794,"journal":{"name":"World Patent Information","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Literature listing

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2025.102336

Susan Bates

引用次数: 0

Relative technological diversification measure using patent data: Analysis of firms’ strategies in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102333

Katsuyuki Kaneko , Yuya Kajikawa

{"title":"Relative technological diversification measure using patent data: Analysis of firms’ strategies in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector","authors":"Katsuyuki Kaneko , Yuya Kajikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Technological diversification of firms is an essential research topic as it has significant effects on their performance. However, we still lack consistent results whether the diversification has positive effects. We focus on the relevance of its measures as one of the causes of the inconsistency. This study aims to develop a technological diversification measure by including relativity of firms' technological portfolio, because major conventional methods, e.g., Herfindahl–Hirschmann Index and entropy, consider only one firm's absolute portfolio. We analyzed each firm's relative position from a common core of the industrial technologies for four global major firms in Fast Moving Consumer Goods sector. The product set of International Patent Classification (IPC) among them was defined as the core of industrial technology. We quantified firms' chronical shifts from there, and compared them with those by conventional methods. The proposed measure clarified the firms' relative positions in a manner that conventional ones cannot identify. The firms' qualitative information supported the validity of the observations. Our approach can take more IPC data into account, less affected by the largest number of IPC, which are among its advantages; it further allows for analysis from new aspects that complement the conventional “absolute technological portfolio” measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51794,"journal":{"name":"World Patent Information","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel approach to measuring the scope of patent claims based on probabilities obtained from (large) language models 基于从（大型）语言模型中获得的概率来衡量专利权利要求范围的新方法

IF 2.2

World Patent Information Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102321

Sébastien Ragot

{"title":"A novel approach to measuring the scope of patent claims based on probabilities obtained from (large) language models","authors":"Sébastien Ragot","doi":"10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes to measure the scope of a patent claim as the reciprocal of self-information contained in this claim. Self-information is calculated based on a probability of occurrence of the claim, where this probability is obtained from a language model. Grounded in information theory, this approach is based on the assumption that an unlikely concept is more informative than a usual concept, insofar as it is more surprising. In turn, the more surprising the information required to define the claim, the narrower its scope. Seven language models are considered, ranging from simplest models (each word or character has an identical probability) to intermediate models (based on average word or character frequencies), to large language models (LLMs) such as GPT2 and davinci-002. Remarkably, when using the simplest language models to compute the probabilities, the scope becomes proportional to the reciprocal of the number of words or characters involved in the claim, a metric already used in previous works. Application is made to multiple series of patent claims directed to distinct inventions, where each series consists of a set of claims having a gradually decreasing scope. The performance of the language models is then assessed through several ad hoc tests. The LLMs outperform models based on word and character frequencies, which themselves outdo the simplest models based on word or character counts. Interestingly, however, the character count appears to be a more reliable indicator than the word count.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51794,"journal":{"name":"World Patent Information","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0