Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Postnatal SARSCOV2 Infection in Neonates, Characteristics and Outcomes: An Observational Study","authors":"K. Mirnia, M. Saeedi, Razieh Sangsari, Quinn Kern-Allely, Zeinab Jannat Makan","doi":"10.5812/archcid-131679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-131679","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many aspects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) pandemic in 2019 have been unclear, especially in newborns, and reports of neonatal diseases are usually associated with perinatal infection. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and para-clinical manifestations in newborns that contracted the infection after birth. Methods: This observational research was conducted from October 2020 to March 2022 to examine postnatal SARSCoV2 infection in infants admitted to the NICU or neonatal ward at the Children’s Medical Center in Tehran, Iran. Inclusion in the study was open to neonates who had positive RT-PCR results postnatally. Results: In total, 55 newborns were confirmed to have postnatal SARSCOV2. Fever was the most frequently observed symptom, with 35 (61%). Necrotizing enterocolitis was seen in 18% of neonates, and 30% of them were preterm. Neutropenia was seen in 34% of cases, with five cases having severe neutropenia. All neonates had a normal platelet count. Twenty percent of patients showed C - reactive protein higher than 6 mg/L. Two newborns had co-existing bacterial urinary tract infections. Our neonates didn't require antiviral, anticoagulant, or corticosteroid medications, and they recovered while receiving only supportive care. Everyone in the group of newborns was discharged without complications, and there were no deaths. Conclusions: The high rate of fever, high C- reactive protein, and neutropenia in SARSCoV2 neonates suggests that more observational research is needed to compare these symptoms to bacterial sepsis to avoid the overuse of antibiotics in these patients.","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44060055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With COVID-19 Admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Sari, Iran, 2019 - 2020","authors":"Marzieh Zamaniyan, Z. Rahmani, R. Ghasemian, Z. Karimi, Roghaye-Khatoon Arab, A. Ebadi, S. Moradi, Shabnam Sharjerdi, Samaneh Aghajanpour Mir, Setareh Azizi","doi":"10.5812/archcid-119394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-119394","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 infection may adversely affect both the mother and baby. Evaluation and identification of aggravating factors can help prevent adverse outcomes. Objectives: The present study aimed to examine pregnant women with COVID-19 infection and evaluate the disease outcomes in Sari, Iran. Methods: The present case series study was performed on 17 pregnant women hospitalized for COVID-19 in Sari. A convenience sampling method was used. First, the researcher took the demographic information and medical history and obtained informed consent from all participants. Then, the selected subjects were examined for inclusion and exclusion criteria, and a throat swab sample was taken from eligible ones for PCR. The PCR was performed for amniotic fluid and neonatal throat samples at pregnancy termination. Six weeks after delivery, the status of rehospitalization of the baby, breastfeeding status, rehospitalization of the mother due to COVID-19, and the state of depression of the mother were evaluated by a 21-item questionnaire over the phone. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS version 23 using the Chi-square test. Results: Out of 19 participants, 17 (68%) had positive results for COVID-19 laboratory tests. The prevalence of preterm labor, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, and vertical transmission were significantly high in pregnant women with COVID-19 and positive PCR results for amniotic fluid (P < 0.050). The frequency of admission to the ICU was significantly higher in pregnant women with diabetes infected with COVID-19 (P = 0.025). There was no rehospitalization of the mother and newborn due to COVID-19, but one case of postpartum depression (9.5%) and two cases of formula feeding (11.8%) were reported. Conclusions: Due to the high risk of maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 during pregnancy and the high probability of vertical transmission, it is recommended to take special precautions to prevent the disease during this period.","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43740003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Official Practice Guideline of the Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center Advisory Committee","authors":"I. Alavi Darazam, N. Kazeminia, D. Yadegarinia, M. Mardani, S. Shokouhi, M. Rabiei, Firouze Hatami, Hadi Allahverdi Nazhand, S. Shahrokhi","doi":"10.5812/archcid-133876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-133876","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) refers to pneumonia attained outside the hospital or less than 48 hours before admission, which is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, especially in major comorbidities and older age. Several microorganisms contribute to developing CAP, primarily Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis, and atypical pathogens, e.g., Mycoplasma pneumonia. The incidence of these microorganisms depends on outpatient or inpatient settings. Administering appropriate treatment among available antibiotics is a critical issue affecting patient survival. Methods: With a multidisciplinary panel expert, this document offers evidence-based recommendations for managing CAP in Iran. Results: The document evaluated the availability of antimicrobial agents and local antibiotic resistance patterns based on 94 relevant published studies from Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Iran doc, Mag Iran, PubMed, and expert opinions. Conclusions: The panel addressed two main parts of rational recommendations for managing outpatients or hospitalized patients with CAP.","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46105287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point and Lifetime Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Based on the Definitions of the Iranian Syndrome Surveillance System: A Hospital-Based Survey","authors":"M. Fararouei, Mohammad Moein Derakhshan Barjoei, Reyhane Izadi, P. Afsar-kazerooni, M. Mousavi","doi":"10.5812/archcid-132178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-132178","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are among the most common infectious diseases and a globally concerning public health issue, especially in developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the syndrome-based point and lifetime prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in a big Iranian city. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on a hospital-based random sample of 2107 people (men and women aged 15 - 50) at Marvdasht Central Hospital (Iran). Results: The lifetime prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) was significantly higher in women than in men (81.56% vs. 33.60%, P-value < 0.0001). Also, about 20.7% of men and 48.26% of women had at least one of the STIs-associated syndromes at the time of the interview (instantaneous prevalence) (P-Value = 0.001). Conclusions: The estimated prevalence of syndromes associated with sexually transmitted infections is alarmingly high. The results emphasize the need for further studies on effective health care and health promotion services to reduce STIs (including early detection and treatment of infections and public education).","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48396159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Strongyloidiasis in Renal Transplant Recipient Complicated with Neurological Manifestations","authors":"A. M. V. Mota, Leidiane Silva, E. Girão, C. M. Costa de Oliveira","doi":"10.5812/archcid-116309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-116309","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis are quite difficult to detect. It can remain silent long before manifesting, which used to occur when patients were under immunosuppressed conditions. This scenario makes the patient’s treatment and recovery hard to deal with. Case Presentation: This paper reports the case of a renal transplant patient who presented disseminated strongyloidiasis infection complicated with neurological manifestations. In order to eliminate Strongyloides stercoralis, the patient initially received oral Ivermectin treatment, and as the infection persisted, parenteral treatment was provided. The patient developed flaccid tetraparesis and increased cerebrospinal fluid protein with albumin- cytological dissociation, initially suggesting the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Conclusions: This clinical report highlights the need for early diagnosis and treatment in cases of immunosuppressed patients with strongyloidiasis infection, as the diagnosis might be neglected.","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41475395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of COVID -19 Vaccine for Immunocompromised Adults During Omicron Predominance","authors":"M. Mardani","doi":"10.5812/archcid-135133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-135133","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monkeypox and the Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections","authors":"M. Mardani, B. Pourkaveh","doi":"10.5812/archcid-135151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-135151","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44249603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Helicobacter pylori Infection Prevalent in Middle East Countries?","authors":"Peiman Nasri, H. Saneian, F. Famoori, M. Khademian, Fatemeh Salehi","doi":"10.5812/archcid-123364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-123364","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacteria found in the gastric mucosa of both children and adults. Our goal was to use an endoscopic method to look at the prevalence of H. pylori in children with gastrointestinal complaints. Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted in 2022 on pediatric patients who received gastric or duodenal biopsies by endoscopy. We collected data from medical reports regarding patients' age, gender, location of residence, type of gastrointestinal problems, and frequency of H. pylori infection. Results: A total of 2030 pediatric patients participated in the study. Helicobacter pylori infection was found in 259 cases (12.76%). There were no significant differences between the two genders regarding the prevalence of H. pylori infection (P = 0.094). This infection was more common in patients aged > 10 years (P < 0.001) and in residents of the Isfahan suburb (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In comparison to other locations, we found a similar incidence rate of H. pylori infection in children. According to our findings, greater ages are associated with a higher detection rate of H. pylori infection.","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45967557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Status for Hepatitis B and Risk for Occupational Exposure Virus Among Italian Nurses","authors":"L. Coppeta, O. Balbi, A. Pietroiusti, G. Biondi, S. Baldi, A. Magrini","doi":"10.5812/archcid-134031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-134031","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are considered at higher risk for hepatitis B virus infection compared to the general population, due to their potential contact with blood or body fluids and possible needle stick injuries. In turn, infected HCWs may be a risk for patients. Hepatitis B vaccination programs represent a strategic approach to control the infection. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the serological status of HCWs employed at the teaching hospital of Rome Tor Vergata and their risk of occupational injuries after the adoption of directive 2010/32/EU. Methods: Medical records of 539 HCWs were evaluated during their occupational medical examination at the Tor Vergata teaching hospital (PTV). All subjects were screened for specific viral markers: Hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs IgG), antibodies to hepatitis core antigen (anti-HBc IgG), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Data regarding needlestick injuries were collected by the prevention service team during the same year. Results: In this sample population, we found five subjects (0.9%) positive to the HBsAg, and most of them (four) were born in foreign countries. Moreover, seven subjects (1.3% of our population) were HBsAg-positive and anti-HBc-positive. A protective anti-HBs titer was found in 462 out of 527 (85.7%) subjects. The risk of being serologically unprotected was higher in males and subjects aged 40 years or older. The nurses were more protected than other healthcare professionals considering the anti-hepatitis B surface antibody titer. In 2018, 16 needlestick injuries were reported among our population of HCWs, with a global risk of 2.9% per year. Conclusions: Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection rate among HCWs was similar to that of the general population, the risk of HBV transmission in HCWs was likely to be high due to suboptimal vaccination coverage.","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44162803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Stigmatization: Consequences and Solutions","authors":"Zahra Yousefi, M. Abbasian, M. Sullman, Akbar Azizi-Zeinalhajlou","doi":"10.5812/archcid-120644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid-120644","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":51793,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43830685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}