Journal of epidemiology and population health最新文献

{"title":"Tobacco smoking and the risk of Long COVID: a prospective cohort study with mediation analysis.","authors":"Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi, Isaac Olushola Ogunkola, Nafisat Dasola Jimoh, Najim Z Alshahrani, Deborah Oluwaseun Shomuyiwa, Aishat Jumoke Alaran, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tobacco smoking is a well-established risk factor for severe acute COVID-19 outcomes, but evidence regarding its role in Long COVID is limited and inconsistent. This study investigated whether pre-pandemic smoking independently predicted Long COVID and assessed mediation by long-standing illness or disability in a nationally representative cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from Waves 10 (2018-19) and 14 (2022-23) of the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Smoking status (current vs non-smoker) and covariates (age, sex, education, income satisfaction, ethnicity, rural/urban residence) were measured at baseline (Wave 10). Long COVID, defined as symptoms lasting ≥12 weeks following initial COVID-19 infection, was assessed at follow-up (Wave 14). Logistic regression was used to estimate the total association between smoking and Long COVID. We then applied generalized structural equation modelling and parametric causal mediation analysis, specifying long-standing illness or disability at baseline as the mediator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 11,944 participants, 1097 (9.2 %) reported Long COVID symptoms at follow-up. In the unadjusted model, smoking was associated with increased odds of Long COVID (odds ratio [OR] = 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.48, p = 0.05), although this was only borderline significant. After adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors, the association was no longer statistically significant (adjusted OR = 1.11, 95 % CI: 0.91-1.35, p = 0.32). The structural equation model indicated that smoking was associated with higher likelihood of long-standing illness or disability at baseline (β = 0.461, 95 % CI: 0.33-0.59, p <0.001, log-odds scale), which in turn predicted Long COVID (β = 0.435, 95 % CI: 0.30-0.57, p <0.001, log-odds scale). Mediation analysis revealed a small but statistically significant indirect effect of smoking on Long COVID operating through long-standing illness or disability (risk difference = 0.0057, 95 % CI: 0.0020-0.0095, p = 0.003), but no significant direct effect (risk difference = 0.0027, 95 % CI: -0.0144 to 0.0199, p = 0.76).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smoking did not independently predict Long COVID, but may increase vulnerability indirectly through pre-existing long-standing illness or disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 5","pages":"203142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of sex and socioeconomic status with multimorbidity: results from the UK Biobank.","authors":"Dina Mohamed Youssef, Katie Harris, Diederick E Grobbee, Mark Woodward, Sanne A E Peters","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases, is common. It is not well-understood how multimorbidity differs by sex and socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data from the UK Biobank in 2006-10 were used. Socioeconomic status was determined from area-based deprivation and individual education level. Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic diseases, identified through linked hospital-admission data between 1995 and 2022. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate age-adjusted prevalence relative risks (RRs) and women-to-men ratio of RRs with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for association of socioeconomic status with multimorbidity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 502,364 individuals (54 % women) were included. Forty two percent of women and 48 % of men had multimorbidity, with the most common disease combination being cancer and hypertension, and hypertension being the most common single condition in both sexes (68 % of men and 58 % of women). The age-adjusted risk of multimorbidity was higher in men than in women (RR, 1.12, 95 % CI, 1.11-1.13). Compared to those in the least deprived areas, the age-adjusted risk of multimorbidity in the most deprived areas was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.33 1.38) in women, and 1.29 (95% CI, 1.27-1.31) in men, with a women-to-men ratio of RRs of 1.05 (95 % CI, 1.02-1.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multimorbidity is more common in individuals with lower socioeconomic status, and men have a higher age-adjusted risk than women. The association between area-based deprivation and multimorbidity is stronger in women than men, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions that address both sex and socioeconomic disparities in multimorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 5","pages":"203134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic vertebral fracture: impact of vertebroplasty in a 9-year French nationwide study.","authors":"Maxime Pastor, Thierry Boudemaghe, Pierre Viala, Romain Genre Grandpierre, Yann Gricourt, Fabien De Oliveira, Skander Sammoud, Julien Frandon, Catherine Cyteval, Jean Paul Beregi","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze practices of vertebroplasties in France for traumatic vertebral fractures, changes in the time between diagnosis and treatment, length of hospitalization after the procedure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A nationwide, exhaustive, population-based cohort study was performed from 2013 to 2021 using the French National Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Set Database (PMSI). The data included several parameters such as age, sex, dates of admission and discharge, length of stay, diagnoses, procedures, and hospital characteristics. A specific analysis was performed for traumatic vertebral fractures, after admission to emergency department.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 89 709 people who underwent 102 055 vertebroplasties between 2013 and 2021. The number of vertebroplasties per year increased continuously from 7 189 in 2013 to 15 067 in 2021. Traumatic fracture was the most frequent indication for vertebroplasty. The average time from diagnosis to vertebroplasty decreased from 42.5 days in 2014 to 38.2 days in 2021. There was an increase in same-day hospitalizations and a significant decrease of 36 % in the length of hospitalization after vertebroplasty for traumatic vertebral fractures. The proportion of traumatic vertebral fractures treated by vertebroplasty significantly increased, from 4.4 % to 9 %, while medical treatment decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vertebroplasty is becoming more and more popular for treating stable vertebral fractures, particularly for traumatic causes. The time interval between diagnosis and treatment decreased, and there was a shift towards same-day hospitalization. This study highlights the need for collaboration between clinicians and interventional radiologists for early diagnosis and treatment to efficiently manage patients' pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 4","pages":"203130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144628807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Paris Catacombs: The largest retrospective public health cohort?","authors":"Philippe Charlier, Saudamini Deo, Isabelle Knafou","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 4","pages":"203124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the measurement of autonomy: what, who, how, and why?","authors":"Karine Baumstarck, Sibylle Del Duca, Houria El Ouazzani, Marie Anastasie Aim, Thomas Renou, Masoud Rahmati","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 4","pages":"203138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deaths of despair: The singularities of French overseas territories.","authors":"Mathieu Nacher, Cyril Ferdynus, Moustapha Drame, Jacqueline Deloumeaux, Celia Basurko, Antoine Adenis, Maylis Douine, Astrid Van Melle, Estelle Thomas, Yann Lambert, François Lair, Vincent Bobillier","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the range of alarming social indicators in the French overseas territories, we aimed to study \"deaths of despair\", pooling deaths from suicide, alcohol, and drug-related deaths and to compare them with mainland France.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Standardized mortality rates obtained from death certificates between 2001 and 2022 were used for comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Deaths of despair were generally lower than in mainland France, with Reunion Island as an exception. Suicide rates were consistently lower across all territories. However, alcohol-related deaths were notably higher in the overseas territories, particularly among men. The study found that deaths of despair were predominantly driven by suicide in mainland France, while in the overseas territories, they were split nearly equally between suicide and alcohol-related deaths. Drug-related deaths were negligible in the overseas territories. Between 2001 and 2022 deaths of despair declined notably because alcohol-related deaths declined.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The counter-intuitive finding that, with the exception of Reunion Island, despite all the social difficulties deaths of despair tend to be less frequent than in mainland France suggests that these small territories may have complex resilient features that limit the impact of poverty. While affordable rhum is locally produced populations drink less alcohol when compared to mainland France. However, the risk of dying from it remains a public health problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 4","pages":"203121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing hospital patient safety culture: from survey limitations to moral injury.","authors":"Bastien Boussat, Bach Xuan Tran, Linh Doan, Mai Ngoc Hoang Do, Patrice François, Sébastien Ducki, Laurent Boyer","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 4","pages":"203137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deaths across borders: Trends and challenges in estimating mortality among undocumented migrants on Latin American routes.","authors":"Hisrael Passarelli-Araujo","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Undocumented migrants in Latin America face life-threatening conditions during irregular border crossings, yet their mortality remains under-documented and structurally invisible in public health research. This study analyzes migrant deaths and assesses the methodological limitations in estimating mortality for those populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data were drawn from the Missing Migrants Project, covering deaths and disappearances of Latin American migrants within the region from 2014 to 2022. The final sample included 1,817 documented fatalities with complete data on year and origin. The study analyzed spatial and temporal trends by region, migration route, country of origin, and cause of death. Data were grouped into three periods and tested for distributional differences using chi-square tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1,817 deaths, nearly half occurred between 2020 and 2022. Regional patterns shifted over time, with a rising share of deaths in South America, particularly along the Darién Gap. Venezuelan and Haitian migrants accounted for the largest increases in deaths in recent years. Causes varied by route: drowning predominated in maritime crossings, while environmental exposure and violence were prevalent in jungle and borderland routes. Documentation improved over time, yet a large share of deaths remained unattributed to specific routes or causes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Undocumented migrant mortality in Latin America is shaped by structural violence, fragile transit infrastructures, and inadequate data systems. Conventional demographic tools fail to capture these patterns due to missing denominators and fluid migration flows. Addressing these deaths requires new frameworks grounded in human rights, improved data systems, and expanded access to safe migration pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 4","pages":"203125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning-based sentiment analysis of online forum reactions to the united healthcare CEO shooting.","authors":"Anmol Warman, Jeremy R Ellis, Luke M Tomasovic, Dharani Moorthy","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 4","pages":"203122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical debt is associated with higher sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among U.S. adults.","authors":"Sohawm Sengupta, Biplab Kumar Datta, Steven S Coughlin","doi":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeph.2025.203123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medical debt is associated with poor mental and physical health outcome among US adults. Extant evidence also suggests an association between psychological distress and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. Building on these two strands of literature, this paper aimed to assess whether medical debt, defined as inability to pay medical bills, was associated with higher SSB consumption in US adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data on 26,559 adults from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey, we estimated two-part models to assess aggregate monthly frequency of SSB consumption. We used logistic regression to model the binary consumption decision (first part) and a generalized linear model (GLM) with log link and Poisson distribution to model the continuous frequency of consumption (second part). Adjustments were made for demographic, socioeconomic, and other known determinants of SSB consumption along with interview month fixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Around 10.6% of the adults in our sample had medical debt and 6.4% were unable to pay at all. Those who had medical debt were more likely to consume SSBs at both external (i.e., whether consumed) and internal (how much if consumed) margins. On average, frequency of monthly SSB consumption was 4.07 (95% CI: 1.13-7.00) and 6.61 (95% CI: 2.74-10.49) units higher among adults with medical debt in general and those who were unable to pay, respectively, compared to that of adults who did not have problems paying medical bills.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that US adults with medical debt were more likely to consume SSBs and warrants further research to identify strategies for curbing SSB consumption in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":517428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and population health","volume":"73 3","pages":"203123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}