Comparative Immunology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Effect of chitooligosaccharides on the growth and immune capability of Crassostrea gigas larvae","authors":"Wentong Hao, Bo Wang, Junyan Zhao, Ao Xu, Ning Kong, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200251","url":null,"abstract":"• Chitooligosaccharides (COS) promoted the growth of Crassostrea gigas larvae. • COS enhanced the immune capability of C. gigas and increased its survival rate . • COS is expected to be a sustainable alternative to antibiotics in the oyster farming industry. The oyster aquaculture contributes significantly to the aquaculture in China, while recently, it has been suffered by frequent larval mortality caused by pathogenic bacteria. Developing antibiotic-free immunopotentiator is an effective strategy to enhance the immunity of oyster larvae and address the mortality issue. Chitooligosaccharide (COS), an eco-friendly prebiotic, was applied to investigate its effect on the growth and immune capability of Crassostrea gigas larvae. The growth performance of C. gigas larvae was improved by COS treatment at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10 mg/L. After Vibrio splendidus challenge, larval survival was significantly increased only by the 10 mg/L COS treatment (64.2%). The survival rate in the 10 mg/L COS-treated group was 3.03-fold higher than that of the control group (21.2%), and 1.77-fold, 1.72-fold higher than that of the 0.1 mg/L (36.2%) and 1 mg/L (37.3%) COS-treated groups. After 10 mg/L COS treatment, the catalase (CAT) activity (3.59-fold, p < 0.05), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (1.25-fold, p < 0.05) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (1.72-fold, p < 0.05) were significantly increased compared to the control group. Larval protein extracts from COS-treated group significantly inhibited the growth of V. splendidus and Staphylococcus aureus . Furthermore, COS reshaped the larval associated microbial composition by reducing the relative abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria, such as Acinetobacter and Vibrio (Proteobacteria). In summary, COS treatment promoted growth, enhanced immune capability and modulated the associated microbial composition in oyster larvae. These findings highlight the potential of COS as a sustainable alternative to antibiotics in the oyster farming industry.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"200251-200251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147881642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in snakehead (Channa argus)","authors":"Xiaochen Zhu, Beibei Wang, Lu Zhang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Chao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200229","url":null,"abstract":"• A total of 33 NLR genes were detected in snakehead. • The altered expression patterns of NLR genes indicate their involvement in the immune response to Nocardia seriolae . • The inhibitory effect of NLRC18 on NF-κB activation reached 38%, and the expression level of NLRC18 was upregulated by 339.6-fold after stimulation with iE-DAP. NLR (NOD-like receptor) is a pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and is crucial in the innate immune response. It identifies pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and modulates associated immune pathways. Snakehead ( Channa argus ) is an economically important fish with rapid growth and high meat content, but research on its NLR family is still incomplete. In this study, a total of 33 NLR genes were identified in snakehead, among which NOD1, NOD2, NLRC5 and MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) belong to the NLR-A subfamily, NLRC1-NLRC4 and NLRC6-NLRC27 belong to the NLR-C subfamily, and NLRX1, APAF1 and NWD1 belong to other subfamilies. Their biological characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, conserved motifs, domain organization, expression profiles, and protein-protein interaction networks were characterized. In addition, the expression of NLR genes was observed in different healthy tissues of snakehead, and the expression patterns were diverse. The expression levels were the highest in the blood, intestine and gill. Nocardia seriolae is a key pathogenic bacterium that causes diseases in snakehead. The altered expression patterns of NLR genes indicate their involvement in the immune response to N.seriolae . Finally, it was also detected that the inhibitory effect of NLRC18 on NF-κB activation reached 38%, and the expression level of NLRC18 was upregulated by 339.6-fold after stimulation with iE-DAP. This study offers robust evidence that enhances our understanding of the immune regulatory mechanisms and functional roles of NLR genes in snakehead.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200229-200229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A type I crustin with an inhibitory effect on proteases and strong binding capacity to chitin from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis","authors":"Dandan Feng, Zhu Zhu, Shangpeng Wang, Yuanzhu Gao, Yingwen Li, Yuying Sun, Jiquan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200226","url":null,"abstract":"· This study identifies a new crustin from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis , NdCrus1 · Both native and recombinant NdCrus1 appear to strongly bind chitin · Recombinant NdCrus1 does not inhibit growth of two bacterial pathogens · Recombinant NdCrus1 inhibits proteases under a wide range of temperatures Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial immune effectors in the defense against pathogens. Crustins, small molecule antimicrobial peptides found in crustaceans, exhibit antimicrobial and antiviral properties, microbial binding ability, biofilm growth inhibition, and protease inhibition. In this study, we identify and characterize a crustin (named NdCrus1) from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis . The NdCrus1 was expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest expression in the stomach. NdCrus1 shares a high identity with type I crustins and contains a whey acidic protein (WAP) domain, featuring eight cysteine residues that form the conserved ‘‘four-disulfide core’’ structure. Recombinant NdCrus1 (rNdCrus1) did not significantly inhibit Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus but possessed an inhibitory effect on proteases under a wide range of temperature conditions. In addition, in vitro binding assays and molecular docking results indicated that NdCrus1 had a strong binding capacity with chitin. These results provide new insights into crustins in the life activities of N. denticulata sinensis and provide references for studying antibacterial activity characteristics and mechanisms in other crustaceans.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200226-200226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindin promotes the production of reactive oxygen species to regulate intestinal microbiota in kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus","authors":"Kaimin Zhou, Bao-Rui Zhao, Jie Gao, Yongzhen Zhao, Yueling Zhang, Xian‐Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200207","url":null,"abstract":"• Mindin plays an antibacterial role in the intestine of marsupenaeus japonicus . • Mindin promotes the production of reactive oxygen species. • Mindin regulates the transcription of dual oxidase 2. The Mindin/Spondin family, as host extracellular matrix components, comprises key immune-related molecules in both mammals and Drosophila . While the detailed mechanisms of Mindin's function and its role in initiating an effective immune response have been elucidated in model animals, its immune regulatory function in invertebrates remains largely unknown. In the present study, we identified and characterized a Mindin homolog from kuruma shrimp ( Marsupenaeus japonicus ), which was significantly up-regulated upon Vibrio anguillarum infection. Our findings revealed that Mindin plays a crucial protective role in the antibacterial response by regulating dual oxidase 2 (Duox2) expression. Mechanistically, Mindin recognizes V. anguillarum through its Tsp domain and simultaneously interacts with cell membrane integrin via its SpN domain. This dual interaction triggers the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase (Erk), leading to the activation and phosphorylation of transcription factor Atf2. The phosphorylated Atf2 translocates to the nucleus where it induces the expression of Duox2, resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that effectively inhibit bacterial growth. By establishing the Mindin/Integrin/Erk/Atf2/Duox2 signaling axis, this study unveils a novel antibacterial mechanism in shrimp and provides new insights into the functional role of Mindin in invertebrate immunity.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200207-200207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147897618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MsCL-P1: A multifunctional C-type lectin from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) with broad microbe binding and agglutination activities","authors":"Siyi She, Ying Ye, Feng Guo, Shun Yang, Mengmeng Huang, Hui Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200201","url":null,"abstract":"• MsCL-P1 exhibits PAMP-binding and agglutination capabilities against diverse microorganisms. • MsCL-P1 inhibits growth of various bacteria. • Largemouth bass MsCL-P1 plays a critical role in innate immunity and pathogen defense. C-type lectins are a family of calcium-dependent carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) containing proteins that play a pivotal role in innate immunity. In this study, we characterized a novel C-type lectin, MsCL-P1, from the largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ), an economically important fish species in aquaculture. MsCL-P1, a transmembrane protein with a CRD, was identified through liver transcriptome sequencing and further analyzed for its immune functions. The full-length cDNA of MsCL-P1 encodes a polypeptide of 789 amino acids, including one CRD, four coiled coil regions, and two collagen domains. Sequence analysis revealed high similarity among CRD domains from different species, suggesting conserved binding specificity. The recombinant CRD of MsCL-P1 (rCRD) demonstrated binding activity to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), and glucan (GLU), as determined by ELISA. Furthermore, the rCRD showed significant binding activity towards multiple microbes, including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. Agglutination assays revealed that rCRD could agglutinate Aeromonas veronii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae , but not Micrococcus luteus . Carbohydrate binding specificity assays indicated that rCRD's agglutination activity could be suppressed by D-mannose and D-galactose. Lastly, antibacterial activity assays showed that rCRD inhibited the growth of M. luteus, E. coli , and A. veronii . These results suggest that MsCL-P1 plays a multifaceted role in the innate immune response of largemouth bass, potentially through recognition of PAMPs, agglutination of microbes, and direct inhibition of microbial growth. This study enhances our understanding of the immune mechanisms in largemouth bass and contributes to the broader knowledge of C-type lectin functions in fish species.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200201-200201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147902049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutamate enhances shrimp antibacterial ability by boosting its cellular immunity","authors":"Lei Ma, Wenyong Jiang, Zhiyao Lu, Yanmei Tong, Qingyun Liu, Zhonghua He, Xiuli Chen, Yongzhen Zhao, Fan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2025.200204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200204-200204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a cell line from the gill of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and its application in the study of Edwardsiella piscida infection","authors":"Yuping Liu, Yanmin Wang, Yiping Liu, Xuefeng Ge, Chao Li, Ting Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200192","url":null,"abstract":"• A new cell line from the gill of Scophthalmus maximus was established. • The fundamental characteristics of the cell line were systematically analyzed. • The cell line is an ideal model for studying the interaction of host and E. piscicida . In this study, we established and characterized a continuous cell line derived from the gill tissue of turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) and assessed its applicability in studying the gill's function as a mucosal immune barrier. This cell line, designated SMG, has been successfully subcultured for up to 70 passages. The SMG cells exhibited robust growth in DMEM medium supplemented with 20 % FBS at 24 °C. Karyotype analysis revealed that the modal chromosome number of SMG cells was 44. Amplification of the 18S rRNA confirmed the turbot origin of the SMG cells. The cell line was transfected with a pEGFP-N1 plasmid and FAM labeled siRNA, resulting in high transfection efficiency and successful expression of the transfection reporter gene and FAM fluorescence signals 48 h post-transfection. Edwardsiella piscicida replicated in SMG cells at low concentrations without altering the morphology of the cells in the early stages of infection. These findings indicate the potential utilization of SMG cells in studying gene function and antimicrobial responses. This research provides a foundation for future studies on the immune barrier of gill mucosa in marine species.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200192-200192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147885778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological process of T cells and IgM+ B cells in head kidney and peripheral blood in early vertebrate Nile tilapia","authors":"Yuying Zheng, Qian Zhang, Yating Zhu, Jiansong Zhang, Ming Geng, Yishan Lu, Kang Li, Xiumei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200189","url":null,"abstract":"• T and B cells in HKL and PBL involve in anti-bacterial response of tilapia. • T and B cells in HKL and PBL involve in the secondary immune response of tilapia. • T cells in HKL and PBL perform effector function in tilapia. T and B lymphocytes are the primary effectors of the immune system's specific anti-infective functions, abundantly concentrated in immune-related tissues and organs. The two cell types work in different mechanisms to combat pathogens through precision guidance and jointly accomplish the immune response. Previous studies have elucidated the critical role of splenic T cells in antimicrobial infections in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ). On this basis, this study aimed to further reveal the distribution and effector functions of T and B lymphocytes in the head kidney and peripheral blood of teleosts. Here, the distribution and effector functions of T cells and IgM + B cells were examined using a model of Edwardsiella piscicida infection in Nile tilapia. The results verified that T and B cells were distributed in the peripheral blood and spleen of Nile tilapia, with primary and secondary infection induced remarkable increases of T cells and IgM + B cells in the head kidney and peripheral blood. Notably, T cells and IgM + B cells proliferated rapidly in secondary infection than initial immune response, implying that immune memory as a hallmark feature of adaptive immunity was already present in early vertebrates. More importantly, the inhibition of T cells during bacterial infection impaired the expression of perforin A and granzyme B . Thus, this study indicated the distribution and effector functions of T cells and IgM + B cells during specific immunity in Nile tilapia, and provided theoretical support for understanding the evolutionary basis of the adaptive immune system.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200189-200189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147899196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional characteristics of IL-8 and its potential receptor CXCR1/2 in Siberian hybrid sturgeon","authors":"Shiyong Yang, Rong Wei, Xinrui Lyu, Yujie Lv, Yang Xiao, Jiayun Wu, Xiaogang Du, Yunkun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200188","url":null,"abstract":"• Four CXCR1 and CXCR2 were cloned and identified from Siberian hybrid sturgeon, named as CXCR1-1, CXCR1-2, CXCR2-1 and CXCR2-2. • An unique IL-8 was cloned and identified from Siberian hybrid sturgeon, which belongs to fish CXCL8-L2 subfamily. • IL-8 and CXCR1/2 genes wildly express in different tissues and respond to Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus challenges. • Recombinant IL-8 exhibits concentration-dependent chemotactic activity for blood granulocytes. IL-8, also known as CXCL8, was the first chemokine identified in mammals, playing a crucial role in regulating inflammatory responses and immune cell chemotaxis. In fish, IL-8 exhibits a more diverse and complex function that makes it being perplexing. This research focused on cloning the coding sequences (CDS) of IL-8 gene and its potential receptor genes (named CXCR1-1, CXCR1-2, CXCR2-1 , and CXCR2-2 ) from Siberian hybrid sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii ♀× Acipenser schrenckii ♂). Their molecular features, tissue distribution and immune function were analyzed. The CDS length of IL-8 and the receptor genes was 288 bp, 1,135 bp, 1,135 bp, 1,061 bp, and 1,078 bp, respectively. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed the relative conservation of their amino acids compared to other fish species. IL-8 and the receptors were broadly expressed in various tissues. Upon infection with Aeromonas hydrophila ( A. hydrophila ) or Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), the expression levels of IL-8 and CXCR2-1/2 were increased in the spleen and head kidney, with a strong expression correlation observed between IL-8 and CXCR2-1/CXCR2-2 in the spleen. Furthermore, recombinant IL-8 demonstrated concentration-dependent chemotactic activity for granulocytes. This study offers valuable insights into the potential signaling pathways and functions of IL-8, thereby contributing to the future in-depth investigation of IL-8-mediated signaling activation in cartilaginous fishes.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"200188-200188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147877529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A subunit vaccine of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) with baculovirus-expressed largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) major capsid protein induces protective immunity against LMBRaV infection","authors":"Yiqun Li, Yanlin Dai, Mingyang Xue, Yan Meng, Yong Zhou, Nan Jiang, Wenzhi Liu, Chen Xu, Zhenyu Huang, Yangyang Xing, Jinyu Shen, Yuding Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirep.2024.200179","url":null,"abstract":"• The MCP of LMBRaV was successfully expressed through Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system. • AcMNPV-MCP enhanced the length and weight of largemouth bass. • AcMNPV-MCP can significantly reduce the LMBRaV viral load in the target tissues. • AcMNPV-MCP activated the anti-viral immune responses in largemouth bass. Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBRaV) is associated with large mortalities of farmed Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides ), which has caused huge economic loss to its aquaculture in China. The major capsid protein (MCP), an effective antigen to induce a specific immune response in iridovirus, has been widely used as immunogen in vaccination experiments. In this study, we constructed the recombinant baculovirus autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus-MCP (AcMNPV-MCP) through Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system and expressed MCP as a subunit vaccine in insect cells. Recombinant baculovirus was verified using PCR and the virus titer was calculated as 50 % tissue culture infectious dose (TCID 50 /mL) using the Reed-Muench method. After confirmed by western blot, the recombinant MCP was purified from baculovirus-infected cell lysates and injected intraperitoneally (12 µg/fish) into M. salmoides . Liver, spleen and head kidney were collected at indicated times to analyze the expression of anti-viral genes. The result showed that the mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes like interferon related factors and interleukins were significantly up-regulated in AcMNPV-MCP immunized group. Meanwhile, the number of leukocytes in immunized group were significantly higher than that in control group. After immunized for 35 days, M. salmoides were challenged with LMBRaV injection. After infection with LMBRaV, Non-vaccinated groups exhibited a mortality of 100 %, while the survival rate of vaccinated group was up to 63.3 %. qPCR found that the virus load of vaccinated group was significantly lower than that of Non-vaccinated groups. This finding will potentially allow for the development of more target subunit vaccine development against largemouth bass ranavirus.","PeriodicalId":516937,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"200179-200179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147882412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}