The Scottish Historical Review最新文献_第3页

Fisher, The Gaelic and Indian Origins of the American Revolution: Diversity and Empire in the British Atlantic, 1688–1783 费舍尔，《美国革命的盖尔和印第安起源》：英属大西洋的多样性与帝国，1688-1783 年

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0657

Nicola Martin

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Becoming Dál Riata: A Critical Evaluation of the Emergence of an Early Medieval Insular Polity 成为达尔-里亚塔对中世纪早期岛国政体兴起的批判性评价

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0647

Russell Ó Ríagáin

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Perman, James Hutton: The Genius of Time 珀曼，詹姆斯-赫顿时间的天才

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0658

R. J. W. Mills

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The Business of Race-making in the Torrid Zone: Dr Jonathan Troup's Illustrated Diary of Dominica, 1789–90 热带地区的赛马事业：乔纳森-特鲁普博士 1789-90 年多米尼克插图日记

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0666

Viccy Coltman

{"title":"The Business of Race-making in the Torrid Zone: Dr Jonathan Troup's Illustrated Diary of Dominica, 1789–90","authors":"Viccy Coltman","doi":"10.3366/shr.2024.0666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/shr.2024.0666","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the manuscript diary of a Scottish doctor, Jonathan Troup, who during a truncated fifteen-month period, from 1789 to 1790, practised medicine on the island of Dominica, part of the climatic ‘torrid zone’ in the British West Indies. While the relevant textual contents of his diary are already familiar to scholars of medical humanities, the analysis seeks to complement and extend these existing discussions by addressing an aspect of the illustrated and inscribed pages of Troup's diary that has not been previously discussed, namely his diurnal account of race-making. The article argues that Troup was a product of Scottish enlightenment medical training, with its blended curricula of medicine, natural history and moral philosophy. The diary in turn, is shown to be a product of the diagnostic tools of that education, which equipped practitioners with the skills to classify human diversity through careful observation in the colonial field. In his diurnal sketches, Troup employs a tiered racial system or calculus of colour to differentiate between peoples of different races, based on the visual proximity of their skin to either European whiteness or shades of blackness associated with African descent. In the textual descriptions that variously accompany, envelope, elucidate and ignore the drawings, Troup's race-making schema is shown to be informed by factors other than the gradations of skin complexion, including social temper and moral temperament. Such factors are given particular prominence in his discussion of multi-racial women, making gender an innate constituent of his race-making schema. The article is framed by the concept of business, which for most professionals in the Caribbean involved more than one economic occupation. It offers a prognosis as to the significance of Troup's diary for a range of academic disciplines, historical, literary and visual, and their discreet historiographies which pertain to his imperial careering.","PeriodicalId":516892,"journal":{"name":"The Scottish Historical Review","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The History of Violence in Scotland Reconsidered: The Culture, Filtering and Treatment of Assault in Police Courts, c. 1829—1900 苏格兰暴力史再思考：约 1829-1900 年警察法庭对攻击行为的文化、过滤和处理

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0645

David G. Barrie

{"title":"The History of Violence in Scotland Reconsidered: The Culture, Filtering and Treatment of Assault in Police Courts, c. 1829—1900","authors":"David G. Barrie","doi":"10.3366/shr.2024.0645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/shr.2024.0645","url":null,"abstract":"While recent scholarly attention has focused on serious, indicatable violent crime in Scotland, this article considers the more common offence of lower-level assault that was dealt with summarily in police magistrate courts in the nineteenth century. It explores the role that police courts played in conceptualising, categorising and processing such violence, the role assault played in Scottish urban communities and the culture that surrounded it. The article also examines how magistrates dealt with assault and what this might suggest about the impact of the police and the courts on violent behavioural patterns. It argues that interpersonal violence had a more important, complex and nuanced role to play in Scottish urban communities than conclusions based on criminal indictments suggest. Assault was a disturbingly accepted facet of conflict resolution, a means of exerting authority and patriarchy in communities and households and an ever-present threat with which a sizeable percentage of the urban masses had to live. The article stresses that the boundaries between lower-level assault that was dealt with summarily and more serious (or ‘aggravated’) assault that was tried in a higher court on indictment were determined not just by the nature of violence wielded or the injury sustained, but by a raft of social, cultural and practical factors. Indeed, the rise of summary justice in the form of police courts helped to lower indictment rates for serious assault, as magistrates often dealt summarily with assaults that warranted a more serious charge. This is a point that historians need to bear in mind when considering what indictment rates for serious assault reveal about violence in Scotland more broadly.","PeriodicalId":516892,"journal":{"name":"The Scottish Historical Review","volume":"149 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139894857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Bulletin, ‘Londonisation’ and Scottish Politics in the 1940s and 1950s 公告》、"伦敦化 "与二十世纪四五十年代的苏格兰政治

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0644

Ewen A.B. Cameron

{"title":"The Bulletin, ‘Londonisation’ and Scottish Politics in the 1940s and 1950s","authors":"Ewen A.B. Cameron","doi":"10.3366/shr.2024.0644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/shr.2024.0644","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to examine Scottish politics in the decade or so following the Second World War. The objective is to uncover the texture of Scottish politics in a period that has been characterised rather simplistically. Much of the evidence for the paper is drawn from the Scottish popular press, most notably newspapers such as the Bulletin, which was a Glasgow publication with a unionist outlook, motivated by a concern to keep Scottish issues to the fore and to resist centralisation. The article will examine the way in which common interpretations of this period in Scottish politics, as being one dominated by a unionism that was common to the main parties, serve to flatten what was an interesting and contested landscape. There is a considerable literature on this period in British historiography that engages in a debate about the value of the idea of ‘consensus’ in British politics. The apparent consensus over the Union hid a range of important debates about the way in which the Union ought to operate that were of such an extent as to bring the idea of a unionist consensus into question. Given that the Scottish National Party was such a marginal force in Scottish politics in this period, it seems more sensible to focus on the debates about the meaning of the Union rather than to adopt an existential focus that was simply not present in day-to-day political debate in the decade following the Second World War.","PeriodicalId":516892,"journal":{"name":"The Scottish Historical Review","volume":"58 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Alexander Gillies and Adam Smith: Freemasonry and the Resonance of Self-Love 亚历山大-吉利斯与亚当-斯密共济会与自爱的共鸣

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0643

Eugene Heath

{"title":"Alexander Gillies and Adam Smith: Freemasonry and the Resonance of Self-Love","authors":"Eugene Heath","doi":"10.3366/shr.2024.0643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/shr.2024.0643","url":null,"abstract":"In 1766 at the Lodge of Kilwinning, Alexander Gillies, a young Scottish minister, delivered a discourse that not only manifested the influence of Adam Smith's moral theory but articulated how Christianity and freemasonry proposed distinct but complementary responses to the problem of self-love. This article, part intellectual history and part biography, examines Gillies's discourse, taking into account details of Gillies's life and establishing that he was in fact a student of Smith's at the University of Glasgow. The article then considers Smith's influence, as evident in Gillies's discourse, and reveals how a Calvinist notion of self-love resonated into the late eighteenth century. In the discourse, Gillies invoked subjects redolent of Smith's moral theory: the force of social interaction, the power of sympathy and the negative influence of self-love (a theme also manifest in some sermons of Smith's colleague, William Leechman). Like Smith, Gillies also worried about partiality and faction. Gillies forwarded the institution of freemasonry as a means—complementary to Christianity—of counteracting the tendency to partiality, born of self-love. In a later satirical composition, published in 1774 in the Edinburgh Magazine and Review, Gillies extended another critique of the power of self-love. Forged in part from his relation to Smith, Gillies's concern with self-love and his fresh stance on freemasonry yield a distinct perspective on eighteenth-century Scottish culture and ideas and offer insight into the complex relations of university, kirk and masonic lodge.","PeriodicalId":516892,"journal":{"name":"The Scottish Historical Review","volume":"43 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Scottish Militia Issue and the Anxious Origins of Highlandism, 1759–62 苏格兰民兵问题与高地主义的焦虑起源，1759-62 年

The Scottish Historical Review Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.3366/shr.2024.0642

Richard Austin Lockton

{"title":"The Scottish Militia Issue and the Anxious Origins of Highlandism, 1759–62","authors":"Richard Austin Lockton","doi":"10.3366/shr.2024.0642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/shr.2024.0642","url":null,"abstract":"This article re-evaluates the debates over a proposed Scottish militia that took place in the British public sphere at the height of the Seven Years War and French invasion and Jacobite rebellion scares, and locates within them the origins of the discourse of Highlandism. Accordingly, the real and imagined ethnic traditions and characteristics of Scottish Highlanders to some extent came to represent the entire Scottish nation, while concurrently rehabilitating and replacing former stereotypes of Highlanders as bellicose ‘savages’ and Jacobite ‘rebels.’ Further, the debates were not merely informed by domestic politics and intellectual agendas, as typically assumed in the historiography; they were also tied to the larger geopolitical and cultural entanglements of imperial warfare and continued threats from Franco-Jacobite fifth columns, as circulated in an anxious, mercantilist, wartime print culture. These discourses reveal that mid-century whiggish Britons continued to worry about French-instigated rebellion despite historiographical assumptions to the contrary, and experienced considerable uncertainty and concern for the intertwined problems of foreign enemies, overseas war and domestic politics. This context, the widespread doubts surrounding Scotland’s trustworthiness and relative status within the Union, and the defensive reactions among certain pro-militia ‘Scots’, show how commentators mobilised Highland soldiers in support of Scotland’s deservedness of political, institutional and cultural equality with England. This, however, was not an era of growing confidence, cumulative antigallican military service and a ‘long-eighteenth-century’ process of political and cultural consolidation, but rather a deeply uncertain time of burgeoning global conflict and entangled Scotto-Franco-British identity dynamics which must be more fully considered on their own problematic terms.","PeriodicalId":516892,"journal":{"name":"The Scottish Historical Review","volume":"39 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0