Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Necrophilia: A Cruelty Towards Corpse-Review Analysis","authors":"Athulya S Menon, Nitin Nishad","doi":"10.37506/8bk74k78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/8bk74k78","url":null,"abstract":"Necrophilia is a paraphilia in which the offender finds sexual gratification in having sex with the dead. Most nations and jurisdictions have laws against this practice. According to a report from Legal Services India, currently, cases of Necrophilia in India are being referred to under the provisions of Section 297 and Section 377. There hasn't been much research done in that field. History and several case studies indicate that this is exceedingly destructive, not just for the person with the disorder but also for society as a whole. The focus of the current research project is to describe and investigate the problem of sexual encounters with corpses and their social repercussions. The paper explores conceivable motives for having sex with the deceased. Additionally, how such drives can impact the psychological forensic evaluation of criminals who have had sex with corpses.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Para-suicide by Self-Poisoning: Profile of Toxic agents used in Aligarh District of India","authors":"Faiz Ahmad, Kashif Ali","doi":"10.37506/xkg8c383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/xkg8c383","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Para-suicide by self-poisoning is a major public health concern throughout the world, especially in developing countries. It is a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality as well as consuming scarce medical resources which would have been used otherwise. The survival of such patients to a considerable extent depends on the competence of the attending doctors, nature of toxic agent consumed and the availability of specific antidote.Objective: The sole purpose of this study is to provide proper knowledge and awareness of health professionals on the common toxic agents used for self-poisoning. Material and methods: This prospective study was conducted by identifying and reviewing all self- poisoning cases that were presented at the emergency department of JNMCH, A.M.U Aligarh, over a span of 2 years. A total of 375 cases of self-poisoning were entered into the emergency department register, but only 315 files were considered for this study.Results: In this study majority patients belong to 15-24 years’ age group i.e. 153 (48.57%) with male dominance. The most ingested substance for non-fatal self-poisoning was a pharmaceutical drug 71 (22.54%) followed by agrochemicals like rat poison 60 (19.05%), Aluminium phosphide 46 (14.60%) and organophosphate 33 (10.48%). There were significant (p<0.01) gender differences noted in type of substance used.Conclusion: Accessibility has been noted as a factor affecting the choice of drug used. Implementing the pesticide act strictly will allow the government to have control over the production, sale, distributi, storage, and use of pesticides.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Case Report of Unplanned Complex Suicide","authors":"Allen Mark Jeffrey, Meenakshi Malhotra, Hemant V. Vaidya, N. P. Zanjad, Junior Resident, Pune B. J. Medical College, Senior Resident, Professor Head, al. An, Unusual Case","doi":"10.37506/8vm7wr47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/8vm7wr47","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of complex suicide is well-known and defined as the use of more than one suicidal method to cause death. It accounts for 1.5 to 05 % of all suicidal deaths. In complex suicides, planned and unplanned acts are differentiated. In unplanned suicides, one or more methods are used consecutively after the previous method failed and did not result in death. The present case report discusses the unplanned suicide of a young, extremely obese, 18-year-old boy. The boy was found in an unconscious state at his home in the bathroom, in sitting position on the floor with his neck suspended to the shower head with a rope with multiple cut marks over his body. During the autopsy, external examination revealed a ligature mark around neck and multiple superficial incised injuries over his face, neck and both wrists. Detailed autopsy examination confirmed the cause of death as asphyxia due to suicidal hanging with multiple incised injuries over the body. It is of utmost importance for the forensic investigator to have in-depth knowledge about different unusual suicidal methods. This will prevent unnecessary criminal investigation and help in the concrete establishment of the manner and cause of death.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homicide-Suicide : A Systematic Review in Indian Scenario","authors":"Rajshekhar Myageri, Anand Patil Patil, Nitin Pattanashetty Pattanashetty, Namrata Balaraddiyavar Namrata Balaraddiyavar","doi":"10.37506/4n9h1y06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/4n9h1y06","url":null,"abstract":"'Homicide-suicide' is the death of both the victim and the assailant. These violent acts involve the killing of the most intimate partner or family members, followed by suicide. The circumstances that provoke may vary from person to person, the most common being family and marital disputes. The dyadic death cases are of immense importance as they reflect on the mental health of society, the financial problems of the country, or the breakdown of family relations. An increase in such cases in India points towards undetermined psychological stress and depression in the population. Identifying and creating awareness in the population can help mitigate such violent crimes.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Splenic epithelial cyst: A rare entity on autopsy","authors":"R. Agarwal, S. Kaur, Parul, P. Rana, Kulwant Singh, Monika B. Gathwal, Senior Resident, Case Study","doi":"10.37506/rw6nnj22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/rw6nnj22","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Splenic cyst is a rare entity with very few cases reported in literature. The diagnosis is usually incidental on autopsy, associated with symptoms due to enlargement, rupture, infection, or hemorrhage. It can be of two types - parasitic or non parasitic cyst.\u0000CASE REPORT\u0000Post mortem viscera of 33 year old male were received in the department of Pathology for histopathological examination. Grossly, an enlarged spleen weighing 180 gm and measuring 9x8x6 cm was identified. On cut section, an eccentric unilocular cyst measuring 7x6 cm was identified. The cyst was filled with brownish mucoid material and thickness of cyst wall was 0.1-0.2 cm. Microscopically, the cyst wall was lined by cuboidal epithelium with fibrocalcified wall.\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Primary splenic cyst is a rare diagnosis. Although the diagnosis of splenic cyst can be established by radiological means, histopathology is mandatory to determine whether the cyst is primary or secondary in origin.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross Sectional Study on Estimation of Stature from Head length in the Population of Telangana","authors":"K. Srinivasulu, Punyala Kavya Sree, Gaddam Sreenidhi Yadav, Meka Sahasra Reddy, Managali Meghana, Butta Ramesh","doi":"10.37506/arabt838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/arabt838","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of stature from head length is equally significant like determining from other body parts. A cross sectional study on estimation of stature from head length was conducted in the population of Hyderabad, Telangana at Malla reddy institute of medical sciences. Study population consists of 154 members, who include 75 males and 79 females, participants were in the age group of 18-23 years. Data was collected from participants after obtaining informed consent. Measurement of head length was taken from the top of vertex to the bottom of the chin in centimeter (cm) scale. A linear regression formula was obtained to correlate head length and height. Linear regression equations for total study population is Y=77.59 + 4.135( HL), male population is Y=118.5 + 2.46 (HL) and female population is Y=159.71 + 0.062 (HL). Statistical results of the study, R2 = 0.333, Standard error = 0.475 and P value <0.0001 reveals statistical significance of the study. Separate formulae for male and female individuals will give more accurate results. ±5 cm difference in the stature was observed in the study population with the derived equation. Height is aproximately 8 times the head length in Female population and 7.5 times in male population in the study group.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"75 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of Hospital Deaths in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"G. Sneha, B. Muppala, Marishikyam Rangaswamy, Srinivasulu Pothireddy, P. Samatha","doi":"10.37506/5csr8f53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/5csr8f53","url":null,"abstract":" Death is an inevitable aspect of life, impacting every individual universally. While it cannot be avoided, efforts can be made to delay it and enhance life expectancy. This retrospective study analysed 860 hospital deaths in the year 2022 at Great Eastern Medical School & Hospital, focusing on various epidemiological and chronological factors. The highest number of deaths occurred in the age group of 60- 70 years, while the lowest number of deaths were recorded in the age group of 10-20 years. A higher incidence of deaths was observed in medical branches compared to surgical branches. The common diagnoses leading to death were cerebrovascular accidents and chronic kidney disease, with septic shock and multiorgan dysfunction identified as the predominant cause of death.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"29 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Estimation using Mandibular First Molar and Maxillary First Molar: A Comparative Study","authors":"Mohammad Abdurrahman Khan, Manisha Verma, Anoop Kumar Verma, Syed Belal Hassan, Syed Fiza Mustaqueem, Iram Khan","doi":"10.37506/191vcx09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/191vcx09","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Estimation of sex from skeletal remains is an important initial medicolegal aspect of forensic and anthropological examination. Among various methods of sex estimation only DNA analysis gives absolute proof of sex estimation, but such methods are meticulous, immoderate and relatively prolonged and involves difficult DNA extraction technique. Teeth are strongest and toughest structure in the human body which are resistance to fire, decomposition and many other changes and teeth development completed before bone maturation making teeth relevant sex indicator hence teeth can be used for sex estimation. The 1st molar tooth is suitable tooth since it erupts early and very little chance of impaction than other teeth. \u0000  \u0000Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the sex estimation by mesiodistal width of mandibular and maxillary 1st molar teeth in north Indian population. \u0000Materials and Methods: The sample comprised of dental impression from 106 individuals (53 males and 53 females), all young adults between 20 and 35 years of age. Impressions of the teeth were made using irreversible hydrocolloid (alginate) material and casts poured in dental stone. Mesiodistal (MD) dimensions of mandibular and maxillary 1st molar of both right and left side were measured by digital caliper. \u0000Results: Data were summarized as Mean and SD. Groups (in Gender Male vs female) were compared by unpaired or independent Student’s t test. Mean maxillary width of 1st molar of both right and left side were higher in male than female but were statistically not significant whereas mean of maxillary 1st molar width of right side though slightly higher in male than female but was statistically not significant whereas of left side mean was lower in male than female and statistically not significant in young north Indian population. Very little sexual dimorphism shown by maxillary and mandibular 1st molar. \u0000Conclusion: The study confirmed that maxillary and mandibular 1st molar did not establish a tool for sex estimation in north Indian populations since there was no statistically significant difference in mesiodistal width of mandibular and maxillary 1st molar among males and females on both the right and the left sides jaw.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"28 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Suicidal Poisoning in a Tribal Area of Mahabubabad, Telangana","authors":"Sarella Prasanth Kumar, Aswan Gaddala, S. Junapudi, Professor Syam Sundar Junapudi","doi":"10.37506/5e6tc656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/5e6tc656","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pesticide poisoning kills hundreds of thousands of people in the Asia Pacific region each year. The majority are from deliberate self-poisoning with organophosphorus pesticides (OP),paraquat etc. It is a critical health problem in rural areas, where hazardous pesticides are easily available. Very few studies were present regarding this in India and research on anti-dotes to commonly available pesticides is very minimal. According to WHO report, it is the 2nd most common cause of death among people aged 15-29 years. \u0000Methodology: An observational study was conducted to study suicidal poisoning cases from Jan-June 2022 in a retrospective record-based manner.Qualitative variables were represented with graphs and tables. Quantitative variables were represented with mean and Standard deviation. Multinomial logistic regression was done to test the significance of poisoning agents with survival status. Nagelkerke R-squared mean regression model was considered in the analysis. p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. \u0000Results: The incidence of suicidal poisoning was 696(~0.46%) during the study period. The mean age of the study population is 32.5±12.3 years. Majority of the cases were Organophosphorus compounds and paraquat comprising a total of about 26.11%. Fatality rate was 17.4% Multinomial logistic regression of various poisoning agents showed high significance of mortality OP poisoning(p=0.03), Paraquat poisoning (p<0.001) and Herbicides(p=0.02). \u0000Conclusion: Young populations were more prone to commit suicide suggesting increased recognition of the need for a coordinated response involving public health officials and psychiatric specialists to conduct mental health awareness camps and to provide counselling. Strengthening of translational research to develop anti-dotes for commonly available pesticides.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Autopsy Based Study of Suicidal Deaths in Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad","authors":"Mukkera Tejaswini, Iqbal Banu Hussain, K. Ahmed, Krupal Singh, Sultan Rizwan Ahmad, Khazi Mudabbir, Ahmed al. An Autopsy","doi":"10.37506/gwvawn75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/gwvawn75","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide is a serious global public health issue. Suicide refers to the act of intentionally causing one’s own death. The aim of the study is to find the pattern of suicidal deaths and to identify the high-risk groups. The       study was carried out in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana. This was based on the observation of 200 deaths due to     suicides in 18 to 45 age group during the study period January 2020 to July 2021. It is observed that majority of victims were aged between 18-25 years (33.50%) and married (61.50%). Males (77.00%) are more victims as compared to females. The leading motive behind suicide was emotional factors (32.5%) and most commonly adopted method to commit suicide was hanging (41.50%). Health education, counselling, timely crisis intervention either by medical or social methods will reduce the number of suicide victims.","PeriodicalId":516766,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}