Visual Communication最新文献

{"title":"A scanner darkly: augmented reality face filters as algorithmic images","authors":"Ruggero Eugeni","doi":"10.1177/14703572241235286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572241235286","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines augmented reality filters applied to users’ faces, or ARFaces, a visual technology that has spread with increasing success since 2015, mainly through social media. In the first part, the article highlights four significant issues that have emerged about ARFaces: the risks of Body Dysmorphic Disorders linked to beautification filters; the new personal and immediate relationships with brands linked to branded ARFaces; the adoption of filters by a new generation of artists and creatives; and the risks of surveillance related to the face recognition technology on which they are based. The second part of the article argues that ARFaces represent a symptomatic example of ‘algorithmic images’. This type of image modifies the logic of ‘technical images’ that characterised previous media as it shifts the centre of gravity of the processes of the visual constitution from the remote transfer of information to the automated extraction and processing of data. In its conclusions, the article outlines some conceptual tools for dealing with algorithmic images: the author proposes developing a political economy of light and analysing its transformation from a support infrastructure for a political economy of the visual to a supply structure for a data economy.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The eye at hand: when visually impaired people distribute ‘seeing’ with sensing AI","authors":"Ann Merrit Rikke Nielsen, Brian L Due, Louise Lüchow","doi":"10.1177/14703572241227517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572241227517","url":null,"abstract":"What does it mean to see and look? Can seeing and looking be done without using the eyes? This article contributes to studies in visual communication through empirical visual research into human vision, visual impairment and computer vision technologies, using video-ethnographic methods. These topics essentially enable a respecification of the concept of vision, the role of visual and material culture, and the exploration of visual means of communication in social and cultural worlds. In this article, the authors advance the understanding of visuality and vision by showing empirically how ‘seeing’ and ‘looking’ are not uniquely human abilities, but rather informational phenomena that can be achieved through distribution with a technological, nonhuman sensing AI. This study draws on video-recorded data in which visually impaired persons (VIPs) use a smartphone with a computer vision-based app while grocery shopping in a supermarket. Based on video ethnography, ethnomethodology and conversation analysis (EMCA), they show the orderly, practical organization of four specific practices: (1) fleeting glancing; (2) searching; (3) identifying; and (4) locating. In the examples, these ordinary human practices for achieving visual information are done while using the technology as a handheld ‘eye’. This research contributes to studies in visual impairment, visuospatial organization and the use of AI consumer products in a context of cultural practices for accomplishing the act of looking at and picking up grocery products. The article contributes new knowledge on visuality by expanding the concept of distributed perception and by suggesting a praxeological respecification of achieving visuospatial perception as an action in the world.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualizing dementia and stigma: a scoping review of the literature","authors":"Emma Putland, Gavin Brookes","doi":"10.1177/14703572241245587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572241245587","url":null,"abstract":"Discursive choices are recognized by both academic and dementia communities as being central to the perpetuation (or challenging) of dementia-related stigma. Yet, the focus of the vast majority of research on the discursive dynamics of dementia stigma to date has been on the role of language only, effectively failing to regard the multimodal reality of discourse. The present study aims to address this gap by conducting a scoping review of the smaller, and relatively more recent, body of literature that has examined visual modes of communication. The authors ask the following questions: (1) What theories of stigma have informed or guided studies of visual representations of dementia and people with dementia? (2) What visual features of representations of dementia and people with dementia might contribute to and/or challenge dementia stigma? Using Scopus, PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar, 10 papers published between January 2000 and July 2023 were selected and thematically synthesized. The authors found that most studies had limited or no engagement with specific stigma theories, although the general principle of establishing or challenging distance between an in-group (‘us’) and out-group (‘them’) informed many of the analyses. Visual features with the potential to contribute to stigma tended to impersonalize people with dementia through foregrounding visual markers of dementia (oftentimes emphasizing loss and/or the brain) and establishing symbolic distance between viewers/other represented participants and people with dementia. This distance could be achieved through visual framing techniques (regarding angle, gaze, colour, setting) which, for instance, could subtly position people with dementia as the ‘living dead’. There was much less focus on visual features with the potential to challenge stigma, which together emphasized social connection, transformation and taking the perspective of someone with dementia. Turning to reception, another potential aspect of challenging stigma was reinterpreting supposedly ‘stigmatizing’ images. In this article, these findings are interpreted in relation to the broader stigma literature and implications for future research and advocacy efforts are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141063345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing cancer: metaphors in medical animation films","authors":"Nina Gebraad, Charles Forceville","doi":"10.1177/14703572241229061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572241229061","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptual Metaphor Theory claims that metaphors are a key instrument for making abstract and complex phenomena comprehensible. Cancer, one of the deadliest diseases in the world, is one such complex phenomenon. Hitherto, metaphors pertaining to the nature and treatment of cancer, and to coping with it, have been analysed almost exclusively in verbal communication. Cancer metaphors, however, are also often audio-visualized in animations. In this article, the authors analyse the metaphors in 30 short medical animation films. Their purpose is twofold: (1) to assess whether these animations feature the same metaphors as those prevailing in the verbal texts analysed in earlier research; and (2) to show how animation provides medium-specific ways to present metaphors related to ‘dealing with cancer’. They end the article with reflections on challenges with respect to the identification and categorization of metaphors in animated films to help future researchers, and with some cautious recommendations for possible practical uses of understanding cancer metaphors in animations.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersemiotic emergence in sketchbook-mediated design learning","authors":"D.A. Restrepo-Quevedo, Roberto Cuervo, Juanita Gonzalez-Tobon, Jorge Camacho, Edgar Hernandez","doi":"10.1177/14703572231206462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572231206462","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the concept of intersemiotic emergence as a didactic strategy for design learning, discussed from the perspective of social semiotics and communication studies. With this strategy, students orchestrate autotelic relationships using modes and personalized semiotic resources. The primary value of intersemiotic emergence lies in its efficiency in making sense of the lecturer’s concepts during the design process. The selected sample of design materials was created in the context of two degree programmes – industrial design and graphic design – at two prominent Colombian universities. The methodological design uses an interpretive hermeneutical approach to identify this didactic strategy by analysing a cognitive artifact typical of design learning, the student’s sketchbook. This artifact shows students’ externalization processes, mental model transformations and meaning construction as a form of evolution. The review of iterated samples of the same exercise over a period allowed identifying and characterizing the intersemiotic emergence. In the sketchbooks, the authors found that a student’s mental model evolves due to the interaction between the semiotic resources of the conceptual models used, the mental models of the field in their training process and their experience in the field. This evolution causes the student to mature and produce their own autonomous and personalized externalization whose value resides in its production. The externalization enables students to construct meaning their way, integrating and defining coding and interpretation levels from their understandings of the symbolic field in which they are studying. This process results in the so-called intersemiotic emergence.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual-related conflicts in close relationships","authors":"Federico Lucchesi, Katharina Lobinger","doi":"10.1177/14703572231213936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572231213936","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores visual-related conflicts, that is, interpersonal conflicts arising from the problematic use of visual communication and visual practices in close relationships. A total of 90 semi-structured pair and individual in-depth interviews with romantic partners and friends were conducted by applying a repertoire-oriented approach. The article explores how the polysemic nature of visuals and different visual practices (e.g. sharing, archiving and deleting visuals), especially related to mundane everyday visual content, contribute to conflictual situations among partners and friends. Specifically, the results highlight that visual-related conflicts occur around miscommunication through interpersonal communication, non-negotiation around visual sharing, not including partners in online relational presentations, online monitoring activities on social network sites and intrusive requests to delete visuals. This study extends the understanding of potential risks to close relationships from problematic uses of visual communication.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140073720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A computer-assisted analysis of image representations of obesity: comparing UK news content with the World Obesity Federation Image Bank","authors":"Luke C Collins, Paul Baker","doi":"10.1177/14703572231209481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572231209481","url":null,"abstract":"Visual representations in news media contribute to the social construction of health concerns such as obesity. Media representations of obesity, however, have been shown to be stigmatizing, focusing on disembodied abdomens or depicting people in ill-fitting clothing, for example. In addition, analyses of image representations have typically focused on small datasets and relied upon inductive thematic coding. This article presents the application of Google Cloud Vision – an automated image annotation tool – to a collection of images collected from articles on obesity in the UK press. In addition, the World Obesity Federation (WOF) has produced an image bank designed to support journalists in offering respectable depictions of people with obesity, alongside its general guidelines for media representations. The authors compare the images from the news with the WOF Image Bank, on the basis of the tags generated by Google Cloud Vision. They use corpus methods to highlight frequently occurring tags that demonstrate similarities and differences between what is represented in the news and what is provided by the WOF. They observe only minimal consistencies between the datasets in that, while both image collections often depict people with obesity in relation to food, the WOF Image Bank provides a greater variety of activities that include food purchase and preparation. In the news, the analysis finds a greater occurrence of ‘body positive’ representations but also a continuation of the focus on abdomens and pinched skin. In the WOF Image Bank, the authors observe more ‘body neutral’ representations, with people engaged in a greater range of recreational activities and socializing with others. The article reflects on the utility of Vision as an automatic tool for capturing salient elements of visual representations in images.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139948414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representing Her Trajectory: reflections on an arts-based research on women migration and data visualization","authors":"Hong Zeng","doi":"10.1177/14703572231210964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572231210964","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, women have increasingly left their countries of origin, leading to an increase in transnational migration. Her Trajectory (2020), a project created by the author, represents women migrants’ paths, affects and experiences through counter-mapping and data visualization. Presented in web form (see https://hertrajectory.com/ ), this arts-based research project shows the migratory trajectories of 18 women participants by placing them and their personal objects onto a map, alongside their own object narratives. This article reflects on how the aesthetics and deployment of the textual, visual and kinetic designs re-humanizes migrants through their own narratives. The article also discusses how arts-based research could encourage participants to contribute their vernacular creativity to emotively transform migration studies.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139948532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Communication is proud to announce its Early Career Research Scholarship","authors":"Louise Ravelli, Janina Wildfeuer","doi":"10.1177/14703572231212300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572231212300","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139382964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authentic Roman type: historical legacies in contemporary Rome’s city brand","authors":"Stefano Presutti","doi":"10.1177/14703572231199973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572231199973","url":null,"abstract":"Typography has always played a key role in the creation of visual identity for socio-political or commercial purposes. Today there is a growing awareness that typographic features convey social meanings in brand logos of a specific territory and community. This study examines how the idea of authenticity related to the history of the city of Rome can be visually transmitted by the presence of traditional types in its city brand. Adopting an historical, metapragmatic and empirical approach, the findings of an interview with the typographic designer of the city brand suggest that traditional typefaces can emblematize and iconize an idea of solemnity and prestige linked to the city that played a fundamental role in the typographic evolution of the Latin alphabet.","PeriodicalId":51671,"journal":{"name":"Visual Communication","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}