Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO最新文献

{"title":"Characterization Of Coconut Oil (Cocos Nucifera L.) From Commonly Cultivated Kenyan Varieties Extracted by Different Methods","authors":"Samson Musyimi, Daniel Njoroge, Arnold Onyango, Daniel Sila","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.62","url":null,"abstract":" The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of different extraction methods and varieties on the extraction yields and quality profile of the resultant coconut oil. Three mature coconut varieties (East Africa Tall, Tall Yellow and Dwarf) were collected and subjected to different oil extraction techniques (traditional method, modified traditional method, mechanical expression and soxhlet method). The quality characteristics of the oil were determined using established standard protocols. Soxhlet extraction exhibited the highest oil yield ranging from 45.4% to 58.4% followed by mechanical expression (39.2-50.1%) and the least was traditional extraction method (6.3 to 10.2%) yield depending on variety. The Dwarf variety gave significantly lower yields compared to the other varieties.  The quality characteristics were within codex standards except for the high levels of free fatty acid in traditionally (0.42%) and mechanically (0.33%) extracted oil. Lauric acid was the dominant fatty acid at 47.5%-53.5% followed by myristic acid at 15.3-18.5% depending on variety and the method of extraction. The % saturated fatty acid in all varieties was >90%. Unlike in previous studies, arachidic acid was present in all varieties. The study has demonstrated that extraction methods and variety influence the oil yield and quality characteristics of coconut oil.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Illicit Trade in Cultural Objects in Tanzania: An Investigative Report","authors":"Wilson Jilala, Noel Lwoga","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.66","url":null,"abstract":"Investigators are an important apparatus in tackling highly organized crimes committed in a state of high confidentiality. In Africa, surveillance techniques are commonly used to expose many crimes including serious offences against individuals or a society. However, ethnographic objects and other cultural remains have received less investigative attention, and as the result they have been illegally exported out of the continent for economic benefits. Ethnographic objects refer to objects made, modified or used by humans that collectively represent cultural references and they are protected by law, rules, or customs. Cultural remains refer to tangible movable objects made, shaped, painted, sculptured, inscribed, and produced or modified by human agency. In Tanzania, like in many other African countries, relics and ethnographic objects have been plundered and illegally traded in underground economy across the world. People engaged in trading of ethnographic objects use souvenir markets as decoys and shipping passage to send goods abroad. This article presents the results from a recent investigation conducted at one of the souvenir markets in Mwenge, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, where cultural relics and ethnographic objects from Tanzania and other African countries have been brought together and shipped abroad for commercial interests. A joint team of undercover intelligence agents and key informants participated in a confidential work to investigate the process by which ethnographic objects are collected, marketed and distributed to local and foreign markets. Mwenge is one of the largest and most popular souvenir centers with large and unique artefacts shops operating as tourism attractions. During this investigation, which spanned six months, our team identified 530 ethnographic objects which were on the market, ready to be sold and exported, despite their legal status under Tanzanian law, according to which their sale and export are unlawful. This study revealed that people who are engaged in the illicit trading activities of relics and ethnographic objects are knowledgeable, use legitimate business license, collection- and export permits to conceal their illicit trade of ethnographic objects. Furthermore, they are aware of the poor monitoring institutions and the illiteracy among security officials at ports of exits. This article discloses some of the techniques used to conceal the trafficking of cultural objects in Tanzania and proposes suitable measures to counter the problem.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typology of Transferable Skills for Women Employability in Kenya","authors":"Daniel Otieno, Jackline Nyerere, Christopher Shisanya, Wilson Mutuma, Damaris Kariuki, Hannah Bula Bula, Gilbert Kipkoech, Shem Onsomo, John Macharia, E. Onsomu, Martha Muhwezi, Charles Ondieki, Jacqueline Onyango","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.51","url":null,"abstract":"The transition of women from tertiary education to gainful employment has remained low, despite efforts put in place to enhance this. This review paper is the outcome of a synthesis of the literature on transferable skills for women and girls to enhance their skills development and employability through evidence-based gender responsive policies. The study was based on an integrative review of literature on the nature of transferable skills in Kenya and their influence on employability of girls and women. To appropriately contextualise the problem, researchers sought to understand the nature of transferable skills. The literature search was conducted using several databases for literature published in the last 5-8 years. Using keywords such as transferable skills, employability, women, the initial search revealed over 150 references. A total of 58 sources were included in the review. The paper provides a typology of transferable skills that can enhance women’s empowerment, as to what the literature suggests, and also based on the Basic Employability Skills Training (BEST) model used by CAP YEI in Kenya. The study was guided by the question: What is the nature of transferable skills provided in Kenya and what is already available in the literature? The findings reveal that practitioners’ and researchers’ conceptualisation of transferable skills varied across a narrow spectrum. These skills are typified as managerial, entrepreneurial, psycho-social, soft skills, life skills and 21st century competencies. These skills are essential for empowering youth to improve their employability in labour markets, especially in an African setting.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of an Eight-Week Fundamental Skills Intervention Programme on the Motor Skills of Children with Visual Impairment, Nairobi City County, Kenya","authors":"Judy Githinji, Jane Mwangi, Yasmin Goodwin","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.50","url":null,"abstract":"Physical activity has been included in early intervention programmes involving fundamental motor skills among children with differing disabilities. Though research has documented improved motor skills performance generally, few have focused on intervention programmes as a means towards improving motor skill performance in children with visual impairment (VI). This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an eight-week fundamental motor skills intervention programme on motor skills of children with visual impairment in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study targeted children with VI aged between six to eleven years. Out of the two public integrated primary school with special unit for VI, the school with the highest number of children with VI was purposively selected. Twelve out of the 20 targeted children with VI in grade one and two met the inclusion criteria. Ethical clearance and consent were acquired before the study. One group pre and post-test quasi experimental design was used. The study utilised Test of Gross Motor development which include two subsets: locomotor and object manipulation skills. The motor skills were assessed before and after the intervention programme. The results showed significant improvement of both the locomotor and object control skills. The study therefore recommends implementation of motor skill intervention programmes for children with VI at an early age","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic Factors affecting Dual Contraception Preference among Seropositive Women in Discordant Relationships in Nyatike Sub-County, Kenya","authors":"Mark O. K. Ouma, P. O. Ong’anyi","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i1.69","url":null,"abstract":"Dual contraception is an effective strategy of achieving zero HIV transmission and unwanted pregnancy among discordant couples. Despite the double benefit, dual contraception use is still limited among seropositive women particularly in Nyatike Sub County, Kenya. Further, no research had been done on dual contraception preference or use among discordant couples in Nyatike Sub County. To fill this gap, this study aimed to establish the relationship between socio-demographic factors including age, parity, level of education, monthly income and dual contraception preference among seropositive women in discordant marital relationships in Nyatike Sub- County of Migori County, Kenya. This was a facility-based cross-sectional study in fourteen health facilities in Nyatike Sub- County. It involved 188 randomly sampled seropositive women in discordant marital relationships, 14 seronegative men randomly sampled and 14 healthcare providers. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze quantitative data while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The study revealed that Parity (p=.001), level of education (p=.003) and monthly income (p=.026) were statistically significantly associated with dual contraception preference while age (p=.051) was not. The study recommends sensitization of seropositive women on the benefits of dual contraception to increase uptake of dual contraception.   \u0000            .","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"23 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140506857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}