Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO最新文献

{"title":"A Rationale for the Introduction of AI Education at an Early Age for Digital Equity","authors":"Susan Wangari Gitu, Nobert O. Basweti","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v5i2.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v5i2.308","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to advocate for the introduction of AI education in early childhood in Kenya and Africa at large. Studies indicate that AI will be a significant subject in the future, and this has forced most countries to start preparing for it. For instance, China has started teaching AI in both primary and secondary schools. Kenya on her part, has endorsed computer studies at both primary and secondary school levels even though computer studies do not dwell so much on AI fundamental topics. This study employed a systematic literature review to generate the merits of introducing AI education at an early age. The findings of the study indicate that introduction of AI education at the lower levels of education is advantageous for it will ensure digital equity; inculcate 21st century skills necessary for the 4th industrial revolution. It will also facilitate understanding of the basic functions and use of AI and AI applications. Lastly, AI education will meet the needs of future generations by preparing children for an unpredictable job market and a future with AI, inspire a novel generation of AI scholars and teach the succeeding generation of experts how to develop ethical and safe AI systems.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journals.unesco.go.ke/index.php/jknatcom/article/download/308/192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marginalization of Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Kenya","authors":"Harry K. Bett, L. M. Ndile, Ruth J. Boit","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.142","url":null,"abstract":"While TVET plays an invaluable role in the Kenyan economy, education at this level is still held in low esteem. Although many studies have focussed on marginalization of the institution in general or the trainees therein, there are hardly studies that focus on trainers’ marginalization. This study is a narrative which focusses on global and local literature related to TVET trainer marginalization and possible remedies. TVET trainers in Kenya are marginalised in their professional development and training, in their recruitment into the profession, and even with respect to their scheme of service which is haphazard and not harmonised. This review utilises labelling theory to demonstrate how TVET trainers are marginalised, and how this may be remedied. A practical implication from the study is that there is need to stress on individual and institutional initiatives so as to mitigate TVET trainer marginalization. Individuals can, for example, utilise social media avenues for professional development so as to improve their pedagogy and other training-related aspects. Socially, the society plays an important role in labelling theory. In this regard, TVET trainers’ marginalization can be mitigated with active involvement of members of the society who can help paint a positive image of these institutions, their trainers and trainees.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"48 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female Genital Mutilation/Circumcision and Transition of Girls in Education - Kajiado and Narok Counties, Kenya","authors":"K. Mutundu, Boniface Njoroge, Mary N Mugwe, Ann Gachoya, Evangeline Njoka, Nancy Mbugua, Mary Kang'ethe, Rubai Mandela, Charles Mwaniki","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.141","url":null,"abstract":"The right to free and compulsory basic education is enshrined in Article 53(1)(b) of the Constitution of Kenya. This is in line with African Union’s Agenda 2063, and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDG4 aims to “ensure access to equitable and inclusive quality education, and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. The international community recognizes that the greatest  impediment to universal education and equality are systemic and cultural inequalities, which mostly affect school going girls.  SDG 5, targets the elimination of all harmful practices, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation. \u0000In Kenya, government efforts for 100% Secondary school transition and higher retention are hampered in Counties like Kajiado and Narok due to the prevalence of FGM/C affecting girls. To gain insights into the effects of FGM/C on girls, this study sought to establish the status and nature of FGM/C in Kajiado and Narok Counties. A mixed research approach was utilized  targeting learners, victims of FGM/C and key stakeholders.  The study found out that average rate of transition to girls in secondary school was estimated to be 40% in Form 1, and gradually reduced to 10% in Form 4. The study also noted that psycho-social identity that the girls assumed after the FGM/C, the girls’ poor attitude towards schooling and poor relations with the teachers negatively affected transition. \u0000The enforcement of the law against the practice, which was ranked as the most effective intervention.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women’s Experiences of Male-Dominant Behaviors in Kenya’s National Assembly 2013-2017","authors":"S. Miruka, Grace Wamue-Ngare, Pacificah Okemwa","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.139","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines male dominant behaviours in Kenya’s National Assembly 2013 – 2017. This was the first Kenyan legislature to house women elected on quotas. Although there was a substantial surge in the proportion of women from 7.62% in 2007 to 19.5% in 2013, they remained a distinct minority which, according to Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s Critical Mass Theory (1971), is subject to male dominant behaviours. The article analyses the experiences of 11 women legislators of the male dominant behaviours using data from semi-structured interviews and contents of the National Assembly Hansard. Study respondents were selected through stratified sampling. Adopting the workplace perspective, the article argues that it is imperative for the National Assembly to be conducive for both women and men. Unfortunately, this is not so due to prevailing masculine cultures manifested in: backlash, conservativism, objectification, trivialisation, victim blaming, stereotyping and sexism. These behaviours essentially restricted the space for women parliamentarians and characterised the National Assembly as a patriarchal bastion. In order to address this, the article recommends: familiarisation of new women parliamentarians with gender dynamics in the legislature; establishment of an observatory on behaviours in parliament; and sensitisation of the leadership of the National Assembly towards development of rules that deter such behaviour.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"88 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of Communication Platforms and Content Used in Communicating Drugs and Substance Abuse: The Case of Laikipia University in Kenya","authors":"J. A. Oduor, Florence Mwithi, Felicia Yieke","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.140","url":null,"abstract":"The continued rise in the prevalence of Drugs and Substance Abuse (DSA) among university students has been linked to insufficient communication on the topic. This is in spite of sustained communication by respective universities to promote knowledge and ideal attitude and practices. Correspondingly, Social Networking Sites (SNSs) are increasingly being adopted by universities as platforms for communicating with their students on topical issues, including DSA. Conversely, empirical evidence indicate that audiences’ perception of the media used in specific communication situations can impact on their response to the content and message therein. Hence, employing an institutional based cross-sectional convergent mixed methods design, and Laikipia University as a representative of other public universities in Kenya, this study sought to examine the perceptions of the University’s first year and second year undergraduate students towards the communication platforms and content used by the University to communicate about DSA. The study established that while the students acknowledged the use of both traditional and online platforms by the University, they expressed preference for online platforms and desire for content that met the specific affordances of the SNSs used.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"10 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content Specific Pedagogical Knowledge and Teacher Knowledge Transfer","authors":"Evelyn Njurai, Josephine Oranga, George Areba, B. Gisore","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.128","url":null,"abstract":"Pedagogical knowledge and in particular Content Specific Pedagogical Knowledge (CSPK) has been widely researched and discussed. Teacher training institutions globally have embraced knowledge bases proposed by researchers in their curriculum to prepare teachers for teaching. The transferability of CSPK has, however, received little attention. This article explores the transferability of CSPK by teachers. Using a literature review analysis method, the article raises the questions of why, and how, the need for CSPK transfer and addresses issues surrounding knowledge transfer. Focusing on a spiral curriculum, the transfer is seen more in relation to conceptual connection within a subject and across subjects, and integration of disciplines. The authors argue that teacher training should embrace aspects of knowledge transfer so that teachers are not rendered redundant when curricular changes and when some subjects which teachers have been trained are dropped from the curricular. Further research is recommended.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"119 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantity and Quality Evaluation of Girardinia Diversifolia and Girardinia Bullosa Seed Oil","authors":"E. Kenanda","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.131","url":null,"abstract":"Kenya imports more than 65% of its edible oil requirements. This is due to low oil production and limited sources that cannot adequately meet the high demand by the ever-increasing population. This study aimed to determine the fatty acid profile and assess the quantity and quality of Girardinia diversifolia and Girardinia bullosa seed oil. Its quality was assessed in terms of iodine value (IV), saponification value (SV), acid value(AV), peroxide value(PV), unsaponifiable matter, refractive index (RI), specific gravity(SG) and moisture content and volatile matter. The percentage oil content (18.4 to 21.2/100g dry) was low relative to most common edible oil plants. The highest moisture content recorded was 39.60 with the lowest being 31.24g/ 100g air-dried seeds. The RI ranged from 1.4662-1.4704. The IV ranged from 166-192. The PV was in the range of 8.68 to 13.6. The SV (164-179) was comparable to that of corn oil (187-147). The AV varied from 4.58-7.22. The percent unsaponifiable matter of the oil varied from 2.14-4.10. The fatty acids detected in the oil were decanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, 9-octadecaenoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, eicosanoic acid and heneicosanoic acid. The results showed that Girardinia oil is stable in the first two hours of heating. The results indicated that the oil had a high content of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, and this guarantees the possibility of using the oil in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"137 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Phenomenological Analysis and Evaluation of the Meanings Attached to Examination Malpractices by the Teachers and Students in Kisii County, Kenya.","authors":"G. M. Simiyu, Likoye Malenya, Daniel Kandagor","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.123","url":null,"abstract":"In Kenya the problem of examination malpractice keeps on recurring amidst stringent measures. This study gives the perspective where understanding the meaning attached to examination malpractice by the teachers and students helps in minimizing the annual cyclic examination malpractices. Its main objective is to present a phenomenological analysis and evaluation of the meanings attached to examination malpractices by the teachers and students in Secondary schools in Kisii County. The study was carried out in Kisii County, Kenya. It focused on students and teachers in secondary schools in the County who have experienced the problem of examination malpractice. Given that examination malpractice is an ethical problem and those who engage in it justify their actions using certain ethical theories, the study was guided by normative ethical theories. It utilized descriptive survey research design through open-ended questionnaires for data collection. Purposive and snowball sampling procedures were used to pick the respondents whose number was indeterminate given that the study is qualitative and only interested in getting the qualitative data as opposed to quantitative data. This fitted well with the snowball referrals from one relevant participant/interviewee to another. The study adopted hermeneutic and transcendental phenomenological approaches for both prescription and analysis of data. The findings showed that: there are examination malpractice meanings that are popular/conventional such as a deliberate act of a wrong doing and implied/unconventional such as an effect of pressure to get good examination grades; the meanings attached to the examination malpractice by the teachers and students in Kisii County influence the perpetuation of the menace. The study makes the following conclusion: Implied/unconventional meanings influence examination malpractice more than the popular/conventional meanings if the cyclic perpetuation of examination malpractice is to be justified. The study recommends that curbing measures should be directed equally on both the implied/unconventional and the popular/conventional meanings given that paying attention to only the latter has not given the expected educational outcomes.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"83 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions on Influence of Membership in Young Farmers Clubs on Career Interest and Participation in Agricultural Activities Among Secondary School Students in Nakuru North Sub-County, Nakuru County, Kenya","authors":"Nancy N. Njenga, Agnes Oywaya-Nkurumwa, C. Munyua","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.127","url":null,"abstract":"Young Farmers’ Club (YFC) activities globally have played a vital role in the mastery and attainment of knowledge in agriculture subject since it is best learned by use of practical activities. Increased youth participation in agricultural production is necessary and vital in facilitating food and nutritional security. In Kenya, Young Farmers Club of Kenya (YFCK) was established to help boys and girls to develop ideas for better farming, provide social and recreational activities, help give the necessary dignity to agriculture as an occupation and develop good and competent agricultural leadership. The objectives of YFCK included promoting interest in farming, sound training in advanced methods of crop and animal husbandly, leadership skills, self-reliance, self-confidence and responsibility. The purpose of this study was to determine the perception on influence of membership in young farmers clubs on career interest and participation in agricultural activities among day secondary schools students in Nakuru North sub-county. A descriptive survey design was adopted with a target population of 2,660  agriculture students and 32 agriculture teachers. Proportionate random sampling was used to select a sample of 120 respondents from the 19 day public schools. Data was collected from the sampled heads of agriculture subject using a questionnaire. Content validity of the instrument was ascertained by two panels of experts from Department of Agricultural Education and Extension and the supervisors. Reliability of the instruments was ensured through a pilot-test using 40 agriculture students and four agriculture teachers from Nakuru East Sub-county. The reliability of the instrument was tested using Cronbach Alpha coefficient. A reliability coefficient was 0.76 and 0.73 for YFCK members and Agriculture teachers respectively, at a significance level of α= 0.05. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive with the aid of SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Data was analysed  using various tables and graphs. The researcher recommends that Agriculture teachers in collaboration with school administration should enhance YFCK activities. This is for proper and effective practical activities in teaching of Agriculture subject according to the syllabus. The findings of the study will be of importance to secondary school teachers, students and other scholars of higher institutions of learning by emphasizing in formation of young farmers clubs in day secondary schools in Nakuru North Sub- County, Nakuru County Kenya.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"124 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tachoni Male Circumcision Rituals: Navigating Cultural Revitalization, Heritage and Identity through Lexico-Semantic Analysis","authors":"Lucy K. L. Mandillah","doi":"10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v4i2.129","url":null,"abstract":"The research explores the cultural significance of male circumcision ceremonies within the Tachoni community. Its objectives include analyzing the linguistic elements used in these rituals and their cultural implications, and examining how these rituals contribute to preserving, renewing, and adapting cultural practices and heritage among the Tachoni. Grounded in lexico-semantic theory, the study investigates the intricate relationship between language, meaning, and cultural identity in Tachoni male circumcision rituals. Conducted in Webuye East Sub-County, Bungoma County, Western Kenya, the research employed qualitative ethnographic methods during August and December 2022, and April 2023. Purposive sampling involved two Tachoni elders, custodians of circumcision knowledge, who were interviewed as key informants. Data collection methods included participant observation and library research. Through interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), findings revealed that Tachoni circumcision rituals play a central role in shaping culture and language, reinforcing heritage and identity through a nuanced vocabulary of literal and symbolic meanings. These rituals symbolize rites of passage, affirming masculinity and promoting cohesion among circumcised males. However, the trend towards hospital circumcision, influenced by westernization and Christianity, threatens the continuity of Tachoni cultural practices and their associated lexicon. Consequently, documenting Tachoni circumcision rituals and their lexicon is crucial for preserving cultural heritage.","PeriodicalId":516705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}