Evidence & Policy最新文献

{"title":"Social studies, technology assessment and the pandemic: a comparative analysis of social studies-based policy advice in PTA institutions in France, Germany and the UK during the COVID-19 crisis.","authors":"Lise Moawad, Sebastian Ludwicki-Ziegler","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000043","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 crisis has put the question of the political uses of science back at the centre of public debates. In the last few years, the focus on using scientific knowledge in parliamentary technology assessment (PTA) institutions has predominantly been to the advantage of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). In contrast, our study aims to widen the debate and explore how social studies (encompassing humanities, arts and social sciences) have been represented in the observable science and technology assessment processes and their outputs during a salient time that required a substantial corpus of scientific evidence, namely the pandemic. Against the background of Pitkin's work on the concept of representation, our article addresses this issue by utilising a qualitatively driven multi-method approach (document analysis and prosopography) on three case studies: OPECST in France, TAB in Germany and POST in the UK. We show that, between 2020 and 2022, social studies are used primarily as a complement to STEM, and that ethical issues, in particular, play a central role in opening up to multidisciplinary references. We also examine the disparate ways these disciplines are embodied in these three PTA structures. We conclude by examining the relevance of employing such a comprehensive concept and touch on the political implications of social studies' uneven representation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":"21 2","pages":"166-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the dynamics of research policy fellowships: an evaluative analysis of impacts and ecosystem effects.","authors":"Jessica Benson-Egglenton, Matthew Flinders","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000040","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although research-to-policy (R2P) fellowships are increasingly used to facilitate mobility, promote knowledge-exchange, and support evidence-based policy making, the evaluation of these initiatives in terms of (multi-level) impacts and broader 'ecosystem effects' remains under-researched.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>The aim of this article is to evaluate the degree to which the first cohort of Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Policy Fellows (2021-2023) can be seen as a successful pilot initiative. The broader objective being to make a distinctive and original contribution to the debate about 'what works' when it comes to promoting research-policy engagement and contribute to research impact evaluation methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two rounds of surveys were conducted with fellows and hosts towards the beginning and middle of the scheme. Survey data was then used to design a semi-structured interview framework. Interviews were conducted with 18 fellows and ten representatives from policy host institutions. A thematic analysis of interview transcripts was then conducted using qualitative data analysis software.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The central argument of this article is that although the early-stage evaluative evidence suggests that the ESRC Policy Fellows initiative 'worked' in terms of its primary ambitions, significant questions exist in relation to systemic concerns that may well limit medium- and long-term impact attainment.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>As facilitating the mobility of people, knowledge and talent across traditional disciplinary, professional and institutional boundaries continues to form a key driver within the research, development and innovation 'ecosystem', the results of rare cohort evaluation studies such as the one outlined in this article take on added significance. Opportunities exist to refine and align future investments for maximum social and scientific value.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":"21 2","pages":"257-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of public policy and administration expertise on policy: an empirical study.","authors":"Robin Haunschild, Kate Williams, Lutz Bornmann","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000042","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Academic expertise is a key pillar of governance processes around the world. A goal of policy and public sector actors is to draw on research to improve decision making, and correspondingly, a goal of public policy and public administration researchers is to provide relevant expertise. It is not clear, however, to what extent these goals are achieved. This study uses the Overton database to analyse the influence of public policy and administration research on policy documents (broadly defined as documents published by policy and public sector organisations). It considers which research is cited by policy documents and which organisations cite research more than others to justify their decisions. The findings show that measuring the influence of academic expertise is not straightforward conceptually or methodologically. However, they emphasise the role of different organisation types for achieving a greater correspondence between research and policy. Specifically, our study shows that think tanks use public policy and administration research more often than government organisations when justifying decisions. The findings provide insight into the utility of new policy databases in illuminating how academic experts can influence the ideas and actions of policy and public sector actors.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":" ","pages":"485-506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial transition: introductions and farewells.","authors":"Mariah Kornbluh, Daniel Mallinson, Zachary P Neal","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":"21 1","pages":"2-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial transition: introductions and farewells.","authors":"Mariah Kornbluh, Daniel Mallinson, Zachary P Neal","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":"21 1","pages":"2-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When academic impact is not enough: a concept mapping study characterising excellence in practice-based research.","authors":"Ulrica von Thiele Schwarz, Emma Hedberg Rundgren, Håkan Uvhagen, Åsa Hedberg Rundgren","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000039","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research quality is often discussed in terms of excellence, emphasising replicability and trustworthiness. Practice-based research instead emphasises implementability and practical impact, and thus, may reflect other values and logics and challenge how high-quality practice-based research is defined. The aim of this study is to explore what characterises excellent practice-based research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>R&D staff at social and health care organisations in Sweden were invited to participate in a concept mapping study. Forty-eight participants were prompted to finish the sentence: 'Excellent practice-based research is characterised by …' in a brainstorming session. Next, participants (n=22) worked individually to sort statements by similarity and rate perceived importance (n=13) and experience (n=10). Data was analysed with multidimensional scaling, cluster analysis and t-tests. Lastly, a digital workshop with 50 participants was conducted to facilitate the interpretation of cluster solutions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-three statements were distilled into 11 clusters from characteristics typical for traditional academic values (for example, 'deploying appropriate methods') and practice-based research (for example, 'being actionable') to characteristics emphasising the unique blend between them, such as 'capturing and conveying reality' and 'embracing different agendas and perspectives', the latter rated as the most important quality of excellent practice-based research, followed by 'deploying appropriate methods' and 'being actionable'.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Practice-based research is a complex field, addressing both 'why things are' and 'how they work'. This study offers insights into how excellent practice-based research can be defined, broadening the view of what excellence entails.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":"21 2","pages":"237-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of knowledge brokering on nurses' empathy with patients receiving cardiac care: an experimental study.","authors":"Atefeh Galehdarifard, Moloud Radfar, Mohammad Gholami, Mojgan Khademi, Farzad Ebrahimzadeh, Mohammad-Hasan Imani-Nasab","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000035","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with cardiovascular diseases often experience fear of death, depression and anxiety, all of which are linked to a heightened risk of future cardiac events. Research indicates that improved empathy is associated with a reduced risk of such events, making the enhancement of empathy among cardiac nurses crucial. Knowledge brokering, a strategy that utilises various interventions to strengthen practice, is key to achieving this.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to examine the impact of knowledge brokering on nurses' empathy towards patients receiving cardiac care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This experimental study involved 100 cardiac nurses who were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. The intervention group received knowledge brokering using Dobbin's seven-stage method. Empathy levels were measured using the Empathy Construct Rating Scale (ECRS), with scores ranging from +252 to -252, and analysed using SPSS version 21.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings showed a significant mean empathy change score (MECS) of 22.90 ± 50.93 in the intervention group (p=0.003) compared to 7.10 ± 60.20 in the control group (p=0.408). Notably, nurses with a baseline empathy score of ≥100 in the intervention group exhibited a significantly higher adjusted MECS than the control group (11.44 units versus -15.42 units).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowledge brokering can enhance empathy in moderately empathic cardiac nurses, with its effectiveness influenced by the nurses' initial empathy levels. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the knowledge brokering strategy in healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":" ","pages":"306-323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gestalt shift? Reflections from researchers turned elected representatives on the real-world use of evidence in policy making.","authors":"Marijke Synhaeve, Dan Heap, Naoimh McMahon","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000036","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This practice piece will present a comparative reflection of how the use of evidence in policy looks when viewed from the outside, as a researcher, with how evidence use is experienced when working as a policy maker. The three authors are unusual in sharing an experience of studying evidence use in policy before becoming elected politicians who are involved in policy making and who have therefore gained a very different, more direct experience of how evidence is used in policy-making settings. Synhaeve has studied evidence use in secure youth care and is an elected councillor and was elected national member of parliament for the Democrats 66 Party in the Netherlands, McMahon has studied evidence use in public health and is an elected councillor for the Labour Party in England, while Heap has studied evidence use in social security policy and is an elected councillor for the Green Party in Scotland. The practice piece will consider to what extent their perspectives on evidence use in policy have shifted as they have moved from researcher to political representative and policy maker, and will consider to what extent these experiences have been shaped by their substantive policy interests and the political systems in which each is operating. It will conclude by summarising the collective insights that have emerged for the three authors as they have shifted to viewing evidence use from the perspective of an insider, who is using evidence in making policy, rather than an outsider, producing evidence with a view to influencing policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":"21 2","pages":"229-236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitating knowledge transfer during Australia's COVID-19 vaccine rollout: an examination of 'Functional Dialogues' as an approach to bridge the evidence-policy gap.","authors":"Katie Attwell, Tauel Harper, Samantha J Carlson, Jordan Tchilingirian, Darren Westphal, Christopher C Blyth","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000038","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our interdisciplinary team initiated a project to inform the COVID-19 vaccination programme. We developed a novel research co-creation approach to share emerging findings with government.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>We critically assess the 'Functional Dialogue' (FD) programme for future research translation practices in time-limited policy-making scenarios. We identify what factors helped us to put the FDs together and consider their effects on all aspects of the research programme. We draw out key moments of impact, weaknesses and challenges and identify how future FDs might be enhanced.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2021 and June 2022, we conducted 14 FDs with state and federal government, exploring attendees' attitudes, beliefs, experiences, roles and observations regarding our research. FDs and research team debriefs were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>FD processes proved invaluable to the timeliness, impact and flow of our research project by creating systems that helped to bridge the evidence-policy gap. Relationships and reciprocity helped, but other professional commitments of our government partners posed challenges and produced fluctuating engagement. FDs built the capacity of the research team, strengthening communication skills and creating opportunities to contribute to pandemic policies.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>We struggled to quantify the impact of FDs on policy decisions due to the ethical requirements of academic research, barriers for policy makers in isolating and/or acknowledging impact, and the collaborative nature of dialogue. Nevertheless, the structures of knowledge transfer that we foresaw as necessary to ensure impact became the central plank of the project's broader success.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":" ","pages":"324-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing the Contemporary Implementation of Traditional knowledge and Evidence (CITE) framework to guide the application of traditional knowledge in contemporary health contexts: a Delphi study.","authors":"Amie Steel, Hope Foley, Andrea Bugarcic, Jon Adams, Matthew Leach, Jon Wardle","doi":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000037","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17442648Y2024D000000037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 2018 Declaration of Astana acknowledges the need to include traditional, complementary and integrative health care (TCIH) knowledge and technologies within primary health care. The World Health Assembly has also called member states to integrate TCIH into national healthcare systems. However, little attention has been given to developing supportive resources for this process in practice, policy, research and education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed Delphi methodology to refine a framework for the evaluation and implementation of text-based traditional knowledge in contemporary health contexts. An international sample was recruited of expert participants with experience in a diversity of settings and disciplines. Framework items were retained, removed or modified based on participant consensus agreement on the importance of each item (consensus set at ≥75 per cent agreement), and mapped for comprehensiveness against an implementation framework.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The initial survey round was completed by 19 participants and the second round by 15 participants. Most participants (n=15) held TCIH qualifications, representing six TCIH professions in total (naturopathy, Western herbal medicine, osteopathy, traditional Chinese and Oriental medicine, Ayurveda, and homeopathy). Participants typically had experience in multiple contexts across clinical practice, research, education and policy development. Consensus was achieved after two rounds and the resulting framework included three sections comprising guiding principles (five items), critical appraisal criteria (three items) and application criteria (eight items).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As the international health community increasingly recognised the potential value and importance of TCIH knowledge and technologies, this Contemporary Implementation of Traditional knowledge and Evidence (CITE) Framework provides a timely and much-needed practical guide to rigorous and respectful traditional knowledge implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51652,"journal":{"name":"Evidence & Policy","volume":" ","pages":"347-369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}