Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy最新文献

{"title":"Acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease treatment and management in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation survey.","authors":"Ibrahim N Muhsen, Dietger Niederwieser, Laurent Garderet, Olaf Penack, Hildegard T Greinix, Riad El Fakih, Nour Ben Abdeljelil, Ibraheem Abosoudah, Sameer Alamoudi, Amal Albeihany, Saad Ahmed Al Daama, Mohammad Hamad Alshahrani, Salem Alshemmari, Murtadha Al-Khabori, Ahlam Almasari, Abdulhakim Al Rawas, Medhat Askar, Ali Bazarbachi, Mohammed-Amine Bekadja, Malek Benakli, Munira Borhany, Maria El Kababri, Khalid Halahleh, Amir Ali Hamidieh, Mahmoud Hammad, Ahmad Ibrahim, Solaf Kanfar, Mohamed Hamed Khalaf, Mohammed Marei, Muhammad Ayaz Mir, Dania Monagel, Asma Quessar, Rawad Rihani, Munira Shabbir-Moosajee, Marwan Shaheen, Almetwaly Mohamed Sultan, Mohammad Vaezi, Damiano Rondelli, Mickey Boon Chai Koh, Zina Peric, Yoshiko Atsuta, Naeem Chaudhri, Mahmoud Aljurf","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-25-00005","DOIUrl":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-25-00005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) remains a challenge, particularly in cases of steroid-refractory GvHD. The management of GvHD varies between institutions, and little is known regarding the practices in different regions of the world. Thus, the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation has developed a questionnaire to understand the current practices of GvHD management in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) region.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The questionnaire had 46 items and was distributed electronically to transplant centers in the EM region. Responses were received between December 2022 and June 2023. The questionnaire addressed the management of acute and chronic GvHD for both newly diagnosed and refractory cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The questionnaire was completed by 30 programs across 26 institutions located in 11 countries. For patients with newly diagnosed acute GvHD, most programs reported the use of systemic steroids for initial treatment, with doses selected based on the severity of the presentation: the equivalent of 1 mg/kg/day of prednisone for grade IIa and 2 mg/kg/day for grade IIb. In addition to steroids, most programs continued immunosuppressive therapy or reintroduced it if GvHD developed after its cessation. For patients who were refractory to steroids, ruxolitinib was the most frequently selected second-line treatment, chosen by 80% of the programs, followed by calcineurin inhibitors (47%), high-dose steroids (>2 mg/kg, 43%), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, 40%), and extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP, 40%). On the other hand, for patients with newly diagnosed chronic GvHD, systemic steroids are used for the initial management of mild chronic GvHD not accessible by topical treatment and moderate to severe disease, with the most commonly used initial dose being the equivalent of 0.5 to 1 and >1 mg/kg/day of prednisone, respectively. More than two-thirds of the programs use another agent in addition to steroids in patients who develop moderate/severe chronic GvHD while off immunosuppressive therapy. For patients with steroid-refractory chronic GvHD, most programs selected multiple options in the second-line setting, with the most frequently selected options being ruxolitinib (77%), calcineurin inhibitors (68%), MMF (53%), imatinib (53%), ECP (50%), rituximab (47%), and ibrutinib (40%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrated that GvHD management practices in the EM region generally align with current guidelines. However, the results highlight that access to clinical trials and multidisciplinary support teams remains limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Matched Sibling and Haploidentical Donors Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Pediatric Severe Aplastic Anemia: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.","authors":"Diego Medina Valencia, Natalia Builes, Alexis A Franco, Angela Trujillo, Laura Isabel Niño Quiroga, Mauricio Chaparro, Andrés Felipe Escobar-González, Eliana Manzi, Diana Muñoz-Caluce, Estefania Beltran, Angela Devia Zapata, Marcela Estupiñan","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00037","DOIUrl":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a life-threatening hematologic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure. This study evaluates clinical outcomes of matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (MSD-HSCT) and haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) in pediatric patients with severe (SAA) and very severe aplastic anemia (VSAA) in Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective multicenter study was conducted in four high-complexity centers in Colombia between 2011 and 2021, including 59 pediatric patients with SAA/VSAA who underwent allo-HSCT. Eligible patients were divided into two groups: one group underwent MSD-HSCT and the other haplo-HSCT, either as first-line treatment or after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) failure. Clinical outcomes, graft failure, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 59 patients with SAA/VSAA undergoing allo-HSCT were included, 29 undergoing MSD-HSCT and 30 undergoing haplo-HSCT. The 2-year OS for the cohort was 81%, with 85% for MSD-HSCT and 75% for haplo-HSCT. Modified Baltimore-based conditioning regimens in haplo-HSCT showed an OS of 83%. Primary graft failure occurred in two haplo-HSCT patients. Grades III-IV acute GVHD and moderate-severe chronic GVHD were more common in haplo-HSCT. Infection was the leading cause of posttransplant mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pediatric SAA patients undergoing MSD-HSCT had better survival outcomes and less incidence of aGVHD compared to haplo-HSCT. Haplo-HSCT with modified Baltimore conditioning offers a viable alternative, particularly when an MSD is unavailable. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Review of CAR-T Therapies for Glioblastoma: What's Wrong with the Current Attempts?","authors":"Sergei V Belokon, Valeriya A Kukarskaya, Ilya D Klabukov, Victoria A Shestakova, Sergei A Ivanov, Petr V Shegay, Andrei D Kaprin, Denis S Baranovskii","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00040","DOIUrl":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today, CAR-T therapy has been widely acknowledged as a \"gold standard\" treatment for certain hematologic diseases. There is a relatively small but enhancing body of clinical trials studying the effectiveness of CAR-T in treating glioblastoma, known as the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults. Despite the promising findings, currently available data is still erratic. We aimed to overview the recent clinical attempts to apply CAR-T therapy as the treatment strategy for glioblastoma and highlight non-obvious problems occurring: flaws in the study design with suspicious inclusion criteria, absence of narrow nosologic focus, poor validation or even nonvalid imaging technologies and inconveniencing efficacy evaluation. We also discussed further upcoming advanced approaches for CAR-T cell manufacturing. We are convinced that our review could help to define the right place for CAR-T therapy in glioblastoma treatment strategy and would pave the way for future successful clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Lazertinib as First-Line Treatment for EGFR-Mutated Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).","authors":"Louis Fabio Jonathan Jusni, Eric Ricardo Yonatan, Nicolas Daniel Widjanarko, Rio Gusta Notario Besri","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00041","DOIUrl":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are a common driver of oncogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lazertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has shown promise as a first-line treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC. However, the comparative efficacy and safety of lazertinib in this setting have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lazertinib for EGFR-mutated locally advanced NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We performed a search of PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect to identify eligible studies based on the PICOTS-SD criteria. The meta-analysis of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse effects was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review included a total of three randomized controlled trials. The pooled analysis revealed significant differences in PFS, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37-0.53). However, OS showed no significant differences, with an HR of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.64-1.06). Paresthesia occurred significantly more frequently in the lazertinib group (odds ratio [OR]: 11.30; 95% CI: 7.30-17.49). In contrast, the incidence of diarrhea and increases in Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) levels were significantly higher in the gefitinib group, with ORs of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.39-0.70), 0.35 (95% CI: 0.25-0.50), and 0.32 (95% CI: 0.22-0.47), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lazertinib demonstrated a greater therapeutic benefit for patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC compared to first-generation EGFR-TKIs. Further research is needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse events associated with infusion of stem cell products in pediatric blood and marrow transplant recipients.","authors":"Saadiya Khan, Mujtaba Al-Yaseen, Khawar Siddiqui, Hawazen AlSaedi, Ali Al-Ahmari, Abdullah Al-Jefri, Ibrahim Ghemlas, Awatif AlAnazi, Mouhab Ayas","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-23-00055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-23-00055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse events (AEs) associated with blood product transfusions have been extensively studied, whereas those associated with cellular therapy products (CTPs) seen in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantations are not commonly documented and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Herein, we retrospectively studied pediatric patients below the age of 14 years for AEs within 48 h of CTP infusions while evaluating them in the context of pre-existing allergies, transplant-related parameters, and the outcome of the events. Data from 656 consecutive pediatric transplants at our institution from 2016 to 2020 was analyzed. Observed events were classified and graded as per CTC AE (Version 5.0) and consolidated into a single binary variable. The incidence of AEs recorded during the first 48 h of infusion was 4.9% (n = 32).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypertension was the most common AE observed in 28 episodes, followed by hematuria (four episodes). Occurrence of AEs was found to be significantly associated with older age of the recipients (P = 0.048), hemoglobinopathies as a primary indication for transplant (P = 0.016), allogeneic graft type (P = 0.039), bone marrow as a source of the stem cells (P = 0.006), and documented substance allergies prior to infusion (P = 0.001). We did not find any association between children with AEs and the toxicity of dimethyl sulfoxide with the number of bags used for transfusion (single: 17 [56.7%] vs. multiple: 13 [43.3%], P value: NS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, our patients had low rates of AEs with CTPs. These AEs vary with allergenicity and need to be monitored with similar caution as regular blood products.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"9-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framework for Patient Advocacy in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT): An Overview from the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.","authors":"Riad El Fakih, Cristobal Frutos, Carmem Bonfim, Daniel Weisdorf, Mickey Koh, Sebastian Galeano, Kim Sadler, Ahmed Amro, Damiano Rondelli, Dietger Neiderwiser, Mahmoud Aljurf","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hematopoietic cell transplantation is a complex procedure that often places significant emotional, financial, and social stress on patients, their families, and caregivers. The process is demanding, requiring extended hospital stays, frequent appointments, and ongoing posttransplant care. These challenges are compounded by uncertainty surrounding the outcome as well as financial burden. In this review, we underscore the importance of establishing comprehensive support systems for patients, their families, and caregivers throughout this journey. Providing adequate education and counseling with resources can play a vital role in minimizing the impact on patients and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SNHG14 lncRNA as a Prognostic Biomarker in Adult Non-M3 AML Patients.","authors":"Saba Seifpour, Mina Soufi Zomorrod, Amir Atashi, Sanaz Khaseb, Fatemeh Tavangar, Mahdi Kohansal Vajari, Mohammad Ahmadvand","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.hemoncstem-D-24-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hemoncstem.hemoncstem-D-24-00012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common blood malignancies in adults, characterized by the involvement of hematopoietic myeloid progenitors. Numerous studies have demonstrated the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AML pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the expression profile of lncRNA small nuclear RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) and its role in the pathogenesis, clinical features, and prognosis of adult non-M3 AML.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The expression level of SNHG14 was evaluated in bone marrow (BM) samples obtained from 50 adult non-M3 AML patients and 49 healthy controls using Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction. We also investigated the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and SNHG14 expression levels in AML patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression level of SNHG14 was significantly decreased in the BM tissues of adult non-M3 AML patients compared to healthy controls. Patients with low SNHG14 expression were associated with poor overall survival, while no correlation was found between low SNHG14 expression and relapse-free survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that SNHG14 expression could serve as a potential biomarker for prognosing adult non-M3 AML patients. Furthermore, SNHG14 may offer insights into novel therapeutic targets for this subset of AML patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy in Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Patients Admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with Acute Respiratory Failure.","authors":"Tareq Alayed, Muhammad Qadri, Abdullah Alturki, Fahad Aljofan, Moath Alabdulsalam, Tariq Alofisan, Munirah Alshalawi, Heba Jaamour, Mohammed Hady Albitar, Razan Adib Alsawadi","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an essential tool for managing acute respiratory failure (ARF) in pediatric patients with hematological and oncological conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the HFNC failure rate and identify factors associated with HFNC failure in pediatric hematology/oncology patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with ARF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study that included 200 pediatric hematology/oncology patients aged 0-14 years with ARF who underwent HFNC. All patients were admitted to the PICU at the King Fahad National Center for Child Cancer in Saudi Arabia from January 2018 to December 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient cohort had a median age of 3 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.3-7.0), and (61.5%) of patients were males. The key indications for HFNC were pneumonia (48.0%), sepsis (46.0%), and cardiac failure (18.0%). The median duration of HFNC was 36 h (IQR: 20-68), and the median PICU length of stay was 6 days (IQR: 4-16). HFNC failure rate was (27.0%). Air leaks were reported in (2.5%) of patients. The PICU mortality was 29.5% (59/200), including 40 patients (67.8%) with HFNC failure. Required intubation within 48 h was observed in 13.0% (26/200) of patients. Multivariable analysis revealed that the initial pH (p = 0.030), shorter HFNC duration (p < 0.001), cardiac failure (p = 0.009), and sepsis (p = 0.041) were predictors of HFNC failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HFNC failure rate in this study was 27%, which is within the range of other studies. Thus, HFNC is an acceptable treatment option for pediatric hematology/oncology patients with ARF. However, further investigation is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marking over a century of Auer rods: An illustrated review of acute promyelocytic leukemia.","authors":"Ruah Alyamany, Ayman Saad, Ahmad Alotaibi, Marwan Shaheen, Mansour Alfayez","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.hemoncstem-D-25-00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hemoncstem.hemoncstem-D-25-00007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1903, Dr. John Auer first observed needle-like rods in what he initially mistook for lymphocytes from a patient with fever, coagulopathy, and splenomegaly. Later discovered in myeloblasts, these \"Auer rods\" emerged as a defining feature of myeloid malignancies. Among them, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), recognized as a distinct clinical entity in 1957, was once considered the most lethal acute leukemia due to its severe coagulopathy and alarmingly high early mortality rate. However, landmark breakthroughs, particularly the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid in the 1980s and arsenic trioxide in the 1990s, transformed APL into the most curable form of acute leukemia, provided that treatment begins early. This illustrated review highlights over a century since Auer rods were first identified, offering a concise, visually guided overview of APL's epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic strategies. We explore modern and practical therapeutic approaches, emphasize risk-adapted treatments, and address major complications, including differentiation syndrome, coagulopathy, and central nervous system involvement. The remarkable evolution of APL-from a highly fatal disease to the most treatable leukemia-highlights how our understanding of disease pathophysiology and biology can transform treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival and Chemotherapy Response in Metastatic Lung Carcinoids: Insights from the National Cancer Database.","authors":"Niraj Neupane, Sumeet K Yadav, Elham Moases Ghaffary, Scott R Houle, Umesh Ghimire, Binita Neupane, Sangharsha Thapa, Omid Mirmosayyeb, Zeni Kharel, Chengu Niu, Utsav Joshi","doi":"10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hemoncstem.HEMONCSTEM-D-24-00001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metastatic lung carcinoids (MLCs) represent a rare subset of lung cancers with distinct histologic subtypes. Survival outcomes and prognostic factors have not been well-studied in the real-world setting. This study investigates the impact of various treatments, including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and no treatment, on the overall survival (OS) of patients with typical and atypical MLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with MLC between 2010 and 2020 were included from the National Cancer Database based on histologic codes ICD-O-3 8240/3 and 8249/3. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression were used to compare OS and evaluate prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age at diagnosis was 68 and 69 years for atypical and typical MLC, respectively. The 3-year OS for the atypical MLC cohort was 22.11%, and for typical MLC was 41.94% (P < 0.001). In the atypical MLC cohort, chemotherapy showed a nonsignificant benefit in OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-1.05; P = 0.21), whereas hormonal therapy was associated with significantly improved OS (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52-0.98; P =0.04). However, in the typical MLC cohort, chemotherapy was associated with adverse OS (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.85-2.49; P < 0.0001), and hormonal treatment showed better, albeit nonsignificant OS (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.67-1.05; P = 0.13).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a notable difference in survival outcomes between typical and atypical MLC based on the treatment strategies. While hormonal therapy shows improvement in the OS, the effectiveness of chemotherapy varies depending on the histologic subtype. These findings emphasize the necessity for personalized therapeutic approaches based on the specific characteristics of MLC, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes in this challenging oncologic group. Further research is warranted to validate and expand upon these observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":516321,"journal":{"name":"Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}