Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR最新文献

{"title":"[Peer-to-peer interventions in health promotion within the prison community: an integrative review of the literature].","authors":"Alessandra Trentin, Anna Brugnolli","doi":"10.1702/4616.46251","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4616.46251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. Peer-to-peer interventions in health promotion within the prison community: an integrative review of the literature.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Italian prison system is confronted with significant health challenges, driven by an increasingly elderly and vulnerable inmate population. There is growing interest in peer interventions-internationally validated as a strategy to promote health and well-being.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the most recent evidence on peer-to-peer interventions within the prison population, describing their characteristics, areas of application, and the main outcomes regarding self-care, mental health, treatment adherence, and hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An integrative review was conducted. A systematic search was carried out in the Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO databases, using the keywords prisoners, peer support, peer tutor, peer education, listeners group, and health trainers. Studies published from 2014 to February 2025 were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that peer support and peer mentoring represent the most comprehensive and effective approaches for improving mental health, reducing suicide risk, enhancing treatment adherence, and supporting social reintegration. Peer-to-peer interventions were particularly effective in promoting positive attitudes and behaviours toward the prevention of infectious and sexually transmitted diseases; improving emotional well-being-especially in the early stages of detention; ensuring adherence to outpatient services and correct medication intake, which in turn significantly reduced hospitalisations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Peer interventions have a positive impact on mental health, well-being, and reintegration outcomes, demonstrating both effectiveness and sustainability. Nevertheless, in Italy, structured programmes remain scarce, highlighting the urgency of strengthening and coordinating existing local initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 4","pages":"147-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[To ensure that defi nitions do not hide or erase people].","authors":"","doi":"10.1702/4616.46249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1702/4616.46249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 4","pages":"139-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Malnutrition in older adults].","authors":"","doi":"10.1702/4616.46254","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4616.46254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. Malnutrition in older adults. Malnutrition in older adults is a multifactorial condition with serious health and social consequences. Physiological changes such as reduced appetite, impaired taste and smell, and slower gastrointestinal signaling contribute to the \"anorexia of aging.\" Physical impairments, including poor oral health, chewing and swallowing difficulties, and mobility limitations, further reduce food intake. Cognitive decline, dementia, depression, and delirium also compromise nutrition, while chronic diseases, inflammation, and polypharmacy increase nutritional needs or interfere with absorption. Social isolation, poverty, and inadequate institutional care exacerbate the problem. Prevalence varies by setting: about 3% in community dwelling elders, 22% in hospitalized patients, and up to 50% in those with cancer, heart failure, or in long term care. Malnutrition leads to frailty, falls, infections, longer hospital stays, disability, and higher costs. Diagnosis relies on validated tools such as the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the GLIM criteria, which combine phenotypic markers (weight loss, low BMI, reduced muscle mass) with etiologic factors (low intake, malabsorption, inflammation). Prevention and treatment require routine screening, individualized nutrition plans, and multidisciplinary approaches. Strategies include enriched diets, oral supplements, assistance during meals, social support, and, when necessary, enteral or parenteral nutrition. Early, personalized, and comprehensive interventions improve outcomes, reduce mortality, and enhance quality of life in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 4","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of the expert nurse in a medical ward: an experience of implementation].","authors":"Giulia Marini, Fabio Vicariotto, Marisa Padovan, Andrea Cenzato, Paola Bosco, Silvia Grotto, Anna Donadello, Laura Fracca, Elia Bogoni, Enrico Bastillo, Marta Cavion, Sergio Calabrò, Ilenia Stefani, Stefano Bigarella, Giorgia Varotti, Alice Pretto, Giulia Randon, Anna Barbieri","doi":"10.1702/4564.45635","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4564.45635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. The role of the expert nurse in a medical ward: an experience of implementation.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a growing need to recognize and develop advanced competencies among healthcare professionals, along with the definition of advanced career pathways. To ensure system sustainability and workforce retention, the recognition of new roles is a key strategy for ensuring high-quality of care.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the implementation of the expert nurse with advanced competencies in a medical department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The project involved three phases: 1. defining the expert nurse's role and areas of responsibility; 2. planning and implementing a new organisational model; 3. evaluating the experience through two focus groups conducted with healthcare professionals from the medical department, six months after implementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2023 to January 2024, the project was developed based on the principles of advanced clinical practice, including education, research, leadership, and clinical practice. The new model of care is based on the assignment of 10 expert nurses, identified by nurse manager and involved in a structured training program. Following its introduction within the medical department, the expert nurse quickly became a key point of reference for the team. The new role provided ongoing supervision and mentoring, facilitated communication among staff, and promoted shared and integrated care planning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The expert nurse could be an effective solution to the need for redesigned care models that prioritize continuity in medical settings. However, further studies are needed to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of this model through quantitative analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 3","pages":"97-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145215192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Failure to rescue: a useful quality-of-care indicator to integrate into the Italian healthcare context?]","authors":"Jacopo M Olagnero, Elena Casabona, Federica Riva-Rovedda, Daniela Berardinelli, Chiara Bova, Elena Viottini, Beatrice Albanesi","doi":"10.1702/4564.45637","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4564.45637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. Failure to rescue: a useful quality-of-care indicator to integrate into the Italian healthcare context? Failure to rescue (FTR) is defined as the inability to prevent a patient's clinical deterioration or death, following the onset of a treatable complication. As a quality indicator of healthcare, the FTR assesses the ability of healthcare professionals to detect early signs of deterioration and respond in a timely and appropriate manner to avoid adverse outcomes. It involves three closely interconnected dimensions of care: the effectiveness of patient monitoring and surveillance systems, the precision and promptness of clinical decision-making, and the capacity to implement timely therapeutic interventions and escalate care when needed. FTR is strongly associated with hospital morbidity and mortality and is widely recognized as a sensitive indicator of the responsiveness and quality of acute care services. FTR has been used internationally for more than three decades, but not yet in the Italian healthcare system. This contribution aims to understand whether FTR could be considered a nursing outcome indicator and may be used in the Italian context.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 3","pages":"117-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145215211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The self-management of chronic pain: psychological principles and neurobiological mechanisms].","authors":"A Cura Della Redazione","doi":"10.1702/4564.45639","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4564.45639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. The self-management of chronic pain: psychological principles and neurobiological mechanisms. Chronic pain is a common problem as it affects one in five of the population. Since psychoneurobiological mechanisms are involved in the perception and experience of pain, psychological interventions may help self-management in clinical practice. Based on neurobiological mechanisms, clinical practice advise is provided for how to facilitate pain self-management in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 3","pages":"124-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The last shift].","authors":"Valerio Dimonte","doi":"10.1702/4564.45634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1702/4564.45634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 3","pages":"95-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145215237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Do not forget Gaza].","authors":"A Cura Della Redazione","doi":"10.1702/4564.45638","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4564.45638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. Do not forget Gaza. With the text reproduced here, we conclude the series of testimonies that have sought to bring to life, from within and as an essential part of our human development, and therefore of an even deeper sense of professional responsibility, what continues to happen, in an increasingly unspeakable way, in Gaza, which is now, and will forever be, synonymous with the capacity for inhumanity of the civilisation in which we live. The will of Anas Jamal al-Sharif, the journalist killed by the Israeli army in Gaza, reproduced here, was posted on the journalist's social media accounts by his family.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 3","pages":"122-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145215256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The new International Council of Nurses defi nition of nurse and nursing].","authors":"A Cura Della Redazione","doi":"10.1702/4564.45640","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4564.45640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. The new International Council of Nurses definition of nurse and nursing. The International Council of Nurses (ICN) has developed a new definition of nurses and nursing. In this contribution, based on the ICN publication of June 2025, the definitions are presented along with the process that led to their development, the challenges encountered, and the future perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 3","pages":"130-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145215187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The transition from the role of generalist nurse to advanced practice: a narrative review].","authors":"Jennifer Zucco, Gaia Dussi, Sara Dentice, Alessandro Galazzi, Gaia Magro, Chiara Moreal, Renzo Moreale, Stefania Chiappinotto, Alvisa Palese","doi":"10.1702/4564.45636","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4564.45636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition from the role of generalist nurse to advanced: a narrative review.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>While awaiting the interministerial decrees that will define the role of clinical specialist nurses with master's degree in Italy, the challenges and strategies documented in other countries regarding the transition from generalist to advanced/specialist roles have been described.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze: 1. the experiences and perceptions of generalist nurses transitioning to an advanced/specialist/practitioner role (hereafter advanced), 2. the factors influencing this transition, and 3. facilitating strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A narrative review in PubMed, CINAHL, and the COCHRANE Library was conducted. Eligible studies included primary and secondary research published in English or Italian in the last five years that reported experiences and/or documented barriers, facilitators, and strategies supporting the transition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies were included. Nurses' experienced ambiguity in role identity, inadequacy, and stress, especially in the initial phase, which can lead to isolation, anxiety, and frustration. Facilitating factors included role clarity, educational and organizational support, availability of trained tutors, and positive feedback from patients and colleagues. Major barriers were the lack of regulations, limited recognition by doctor and nurses, and variability in organizational and legislative policies. Facilitating strategies were a solid and immersive university training, robust mentoring systems, professional support networks, a favorable organizational culture, and documentation of positive experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The individual efforts that each nurse undertakes to establish in the new role must be supported by systemic strategies at the organizational, professional, and educational levels, to facilitate recognition, legitimacy, and value of advanced practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"44 3","pages":"106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}