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How effective are informal property rights in cities? Reexamining the relationship between informality and housing quality in Dar es Salaam 非正式产权在城市中的有效性如何?重新审视达累斯萨拉姆非正式性与住房质量之间的关系
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2021-01-04 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1869927
A. Panman
{"title":"How effective are informal property rights in cities? Reexamining the relationship between informality and housing quality in Dar es Salaam","authors":"A. Panman","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1869927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1869927","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Improving access to adequate housing is a global development priority. Formalisation of property rights occupies a central role in this agenda, based on long-held ideas about the weaknesses of informal arrangements in cities. In practice, however, we know remarkably little about how informal property markets in urban areas work. Drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data, this paper demonstrates that informal institutional arrangements in Dar es Salaam are surprisingly effective in securing ownership and addressing transaction costs – in other words, in the key dimensions of property rights targeted by formalisation projects. It also reveals, however, that the system is ineffective at upholding the third yet often-overlooked component of property rights: land use rights. This results in a social dilemma that traps housing in a low-quality equilibrium. The findings have direct implications for policy in Dar es Salaam and across the world and open new avenues for comparative research.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"230 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1869927","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47437397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
‘A long way from earning’: (re)producing violence at the nexus of shame and blame “离赚钱还有很长的路要走”：（重新）在羞耻和指责之间制造暴力
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1864311
Charlotte Nussey
{"title":"‘A long way from earning’: (re)producing violence at the nexus of shame and blame","authors":"Charlotte Nussey","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1864311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1864311","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Symbolic violence is (re)produced within families at the nexus of blame and shame. This paper presents an understanding of symbolic violence that extends beyond processes of internalisation, in which shame is directed against the self, to questions of processes of reproduction within families, in which shame is externalised through blame. Drawing on mother-tongue life-history interviews with mothers and grandmothers in rural KwaZulu-Natal, the paper explores how this nexus of blame and shame is situated at the intersect of race and gender. It is bound by intergenerational poverty and educational exclusion that span the apartheid and post-apartheid eras in South Africa. Our understandings of gendered poverty thus need to attend to these intergenerational processes of shaming, in which pervasive neoliberal discourses around individual effort and success mask structural constraints, potentially damaging relationships within families and across social networks.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"53 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1864311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44793491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
‘By sharing work we are moving forward’:change in social norms around men’s participation in unpaid care work in Northern Uganda “通过分享工作，我们正在向前迈进”：乌干达北部男性参与无偿护理工作的社会规范发生变化
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1869926
L. Rost
{"title":"‘By sharing work we are moving forward’:change in social norms around men’s participation in unpaid care work in Northern Uganda","authors":"L. Rost","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1869926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1869926","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There has been increasing interest in understanding gendered social norms and how they change. This paper explores change in social norms relating to men’s participation in unpaid care work in Northern Uganda, where mixed-methods data from adults, children and adolescents was collected. Socio-cultural changes, related to a civil war and other influences, have been observed in this region. This paper finds that some men took on more responsibility for care work and described this as socially acceptable where it involved ‘masculine tools’, was perceived to be ‘modern’ or to bring financial benefits. These subtle adjustments do not cause radical change but are important because, over time, they can shift social norms in a more permanent way.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"39 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1869926","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47149584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Sanjaya Lall Prize announcement 桑贾亚·拉尔奖公告
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2021.1884350
{"title":"Sanjaya Lall Prize announcement","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.1884350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.1884350","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"1 - 1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2021.1884350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45097483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bringing drugs into light: embedded governance and opium production in Myanmar’s Shan State 揭露毒品:缅甸掸邦的嵌入式治理和鸦片生产
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1867088
Jin-Hwan Lim, Taekyoon Kim
{"title":"Bringing drugs into light: embedded governance and opium production in Myanmar’s Shan State","authors":"Jin-Hwan Lim, Taekyoon Kim","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1867088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1867088","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Instead of criminalizing the opium economy or seeing it as a natural occurrence, opium production must be acknowledged as a basis for political and economic exchanges, which either unites or divides relevant stakeholders. This study employs an analytical framework called embedded governance to analyze opium production in Shan State, Myanmar in a new light. An alternative reading reveals a tripartite interdependency between the central government, ethnic armed groups and rural poppy growers; and marks a significant contribution to existing research which is largely focused on the elite-bargaining between armed actors and the government. We demonstrate that the opium economy delivers basic services and higher income for rural households, expands business conglomerates and civil society, and provides incentives for ceasefire negotiations. Nevertheless, the opium economy is also a basis for land-grabbing, forced taxation and public health crisis arising from drug addiction.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"105 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1867088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44158119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Chinese infrastructural fix in Africa: lessons from the Sino-Zambian ‘road bonanza’ 中国在非洲的基础设施修复:中赞“公路财源”的教训
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1861230
Tim Zajontz
{"title":"The Chinese infrastructural fix in Africa: lessons from the Sino-Zambian ‘road bonanza’","authors":"Tim Zajontz","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1861230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1861230","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article scrutinises the surge in Chinese-funded road development in Zambia with the help of David Harvey’s theory of spatio-temporal fixes. The ‘moving out’ of Chinese surplus capital and material to Africa has been facilitated by an extensive disbursement of loans and export credits for infrastructure projects. Transcending Harvey’s analytical ‘imperio-centrism’, the article shows that the actualisation of the Chinese infrastructural fix has been contingent upon Zambia’s ambitious, debt-financed infrastructure development agenda. Particularities of Chinese loan financing have thereby fostered ‘not so public’ procurement processes and accelerated Zambia’s rapid debt accumulation. As rising debt has imposed structural constraints, the recent shift in the financial governance of road development towards private project finance is analysed with reference to the Lusaka-Ndola dual carriageway. The renaissance of public-private partnerships and the gradual privatisation of Zambian roads signify new rounds of accumulation by dispossession, as the Chinese infrastructural fix enters its next stage.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"14 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1861230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44563144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Revisions of the global multidimensional poverty index: indicator options and their empirical assessment 全球多层面贫困指数的修订：指标选择及其实证评估
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1854209
S. Alkire, U. Kanagaratnam
{"title":"Revisions of the global multidimensional poverty index: indicator options and their empirical assessment","authors":"S. Alkire, U. Kanagaratnam","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1854209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1854209","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examines how normative reasoning was applied to empirical applications of different indicator options in order to revise the global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) indicators in 2018, to better align with the SDGs. Given the emphasis in the SDGs on leaving no one behind, the household surveys used to estimate the global MPI were explored to see which could create individual-level MPIs, however this sharply reduced country coverage by half. Consistent criteria is applied to assess whether 33 potential additional indicators could be added to strengthen the global MPI. A certain set of criteria applied rules out new indicators. Finally, the paper both illustrates and describes the iterative interplay of normative and technical considerations underlying adjustments in three original indicators – child mortality, nutrition, and housing – which involves considering the joint distribution of alternative indicators across twenty trial measures for all countries.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"169 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1854209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42508339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Do financial development and political institutions act as substitutes or complements? 金融发展和政治机构的作用是替代还是互补?
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1849593
Luisa R. Blanco, Nabamita Dutta
{"title":"Do financial development and political institutions act as substitutes or complements?","authors":"Luisa R. Blanco, Nabamita Dutta","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1849593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1849593","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examines the interactive impact of financial development and political institutions on a specific development outcome: gross domestic investment. We explore whether financial development and political institutions act as substitutes or complements in the context of domestic investment. Using data from the period 1975–2017 for 131 countries to construct annual and five-year interval panels, we employ Fixed Effect (FE) and Dynamic Panel estimators (System GMM) to test our hypothesis. We find a significant interactive impact of political institutions and financial development on domestic investment. More specifically, we find a substitution effect among these factors. In the presence of inefficient institutions, financial development mitigates the negative impact of political institutions on domestic investment, and vice-versa.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"184 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1849593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46460820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Room for empowerment 赋予权力的空间
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-07 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1856355
L. Roos
{"title":"Room for empowerment","authors":"L. Roos","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1856355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1856355","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The South African National Housing Program has sought to address housing insecurity by subsidising millions of low-cost housing units. The policy uses a gender-sensitive approach, by mandating joint titling and prioritising women-headed households as subsidy recipients. This paper examines the extent to which the policy has succeeded at empowering women through housing ownership. The paper finds limited evidence on the policy’s impact as a mechanism for women’s empowerment. No significant change is detected in women’s labour supply or well-being. Women who are co-owners appear to participate less in primary decision-making, but more so in joint decision-making. For women who are sole-owners however, the subsidy seems to increase primary decision-making and decrease joint decision-making. Moreover, the subsidy appears to decrease consensus within in the household about the identity of the decision-makers. Despite ambiguous results, the distribution of housing to women should not be abandoned and remains a pressing policy objective.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"23 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1856355","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42987026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The long-term association between child labour and cognitive development 童工劳动与认知发展之间的长期联系
IF 1.3
Oxford Development Studies Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2020.1836141
Yonatan Dinku, D. Fielding
{"title":"The long-term association between child labour and cognitive development","authors":"Yonatan Dinku, D. Fielding","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2020.1836141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2020.1836141","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Child labour can deprive children of the right to a normal childhood and impair their productivity and earning capacity in later life. The relationship between child labour and cognitive development is central to these effects but has not yet been a focus of empirical research. Using panel data from Ethiopia and applying an instrumental variables estimator, we find a strong association of cognitive development with the amount of time previously spent by children on income-generating work, and with the amount of time spent on household chores. Existing levels of child labour in Ethiopia are thus demonstrably harmful.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"66 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13600818.2020.1836141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43333201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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