Reproduction, fertility, and development最新文献

{"title":"Increased concurrent immunoreactivity of macrophage markers and HSP47 in the uterus of old multiparous cows.","authors":"Denis Karani Wanjiru, Yvan Bienvenu Niyonzima, Hiroya Kadokawa","doi":"10.1071/RD26164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/RD26164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Declining fertility in aging cows is associated with impaired uterine function, but the relationship between immune remodeling and fibrosis-associated uterine changes remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We hypothesized that the uterus of old multiparous cows exhibits coordinated immune-fibrosis-associated remodeling characterized by increased concurrent immunoreactivity of the macrophage markers CD86 and CD163 with HSP47. To test this hypothesis, we quantified CD86-, CD163-, HSP47-, and concurrent immunoreactive profiles throughout the endometrium and myometrium. Additional qualitative αSMA analysis was performed to further characterize CD86/HSP47- and CD163/HSP47-immunoreactive profiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Caruncular (CAR) and intercaruncular (ICAR) endometrium and myometrium were collected from young nulliparous heifers (n = 6) and old multiparous cows (n = 6). Multiplex immunofluorescence with tyramide signal amplification was used to detect CD86, CD163, and HSP47.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Concurrent macrophage marker/HSP47-immunoreactive profiles were increased throughout the uterus of old multiparous cows compared with young nulliparous heifers and enriched beneath the luminal epithelium, around endometrial glands, in connective tissue, and in the myometrium. Qualitative analysis further showed αSMA immunoreactivity within many CD86/HSP47- and CD163/HSP47-immunoreactive profiles in the CAR and ICAR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with young nulliparous heifers, old multiparous cows showed increased concurrent immunoreactivity of macrophage markers with HSP47 throughout the uterus, consistent with coordinated immune-fibrosis-associated remodeling. Qualitative αSMA analysis provides additional support for the fibrosis-associated component of this remodeling.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Coordinated immune-fibrosis-associated remodeling may contribute to age-associated changes in uterine function and represent a potential target for preserving reproductive longevity in cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149170737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic complement C3 reduction in infertile women with endometrial dysbiosis: preliminary observations.","authors":"Shinya Yamaguchi, Takumi Sato, Hirotaka Matsumi","doi":"10.1071/RD26056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/RD26056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Endometrial dysbiosis has been linked to infertility, but its relationship with systemic immune activity remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine whether endometrial microbiota phenotype is associated with serum complement profiles in infertile women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 105 infertile women and classified endometrial microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Lactobacillus-dominant microbiota (LDM) or non-LDM (NLDM). Complement data were available in 27 women: after excluding cases with missing C-reactive protein (CRP; n = 2) or CRP above the 95th percentile (n = 2), 23 women were analyzed for C3/C4 and 19 for CH50. Group comparisons used Welch's t-test and Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>NLDM was associated with lower serum C3 than LDM (101.5 ± 12.4 vs 121.0 ± 18.0 mg/dL; P = 0.006). C4 and CH50 did not differ significantly between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Endometrial dysbiosis was associated with selective C3 reduction in this infertile cohort, consistent with mild complement consumption.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Serum C3, interpreted with microbiota profiling, may provide a practical adjunct marker of inflammation-related infertility in routine care. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate these preliminary findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149170860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trophectoderm biopsy and vitrification: survival, oxidative stress and cell count in bovine embryos.","authors":"Dayana Silva Araújo, Rafael Monteiro Dos Santos, Gabriela Luiza Soares Clarindo, Naiara Zoccal Saraiva, Luiz Sergio de Almeida Camargo, Leticia Zoccolaro Oliveira, Clara Slade Oliveira","doi":"10.1071/RD26017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/RD26017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Trophectoderm (TE) biopsy combined with embryo vitrification is increasingly being used; however, concerns remain regarding its effects on embryo survival and physiological stability after warming.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to evaluate whether TE biopsy performed prior to vitrification compromises early post-warming recovery and physiological responses of bovine embryos.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Expanded blastocysts were allocated into two groups, namely, Control and Biopsy. After warming, embryos were evaluated at 0, 4, 24, and 48 h for re-expansion and hatching rates. Mitochondrial activity, oxidative stress, antioxidant activity estimated by intracellular thiol content, and total cell number were assessed after 48 h.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Re-expansion differed between groups at 0 h (Control 13.40% vs Biopsy 33.90%; P = 0.005) and 4 h (Control 93.81% vs Biopsy 84.75%; P = 0.038), with no differences at 24 or 48 h (P ≥ 0.346). Hatching rates were similar at 4 h (P = 0.447), but higher in the Biopsy group at 24 h (77.56% vs 53.35%; P = 0.005) and 48 h (90.79% vs 77.39%; P = 0.027). The Biopsy group showed higher mitochondrial activity (P < 0.001), reactive oxygen species (P = 0.009), intracellular thiol content (P < 0.001), and total cell number (216.68 ± 9.75 vs 186.82 ± 10.22; P = 0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TE biopsy prior to vitrification induced oxidative stress, increased mitochondrial activity and increased thiol content, but did not compromise early post-warming recovery of bovine embryos.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>TE biopsy before vitrification is safe under short-term in vitro conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the value of cloning for wildlife conservation with research priorities, open collaborations, data/information sharing, and ethics as keys to success.","authors":"Elena Ruggeri, Andres Gambini, Cesare Galli, Gabriela Mastromonaco, Pierre Comizzoli","doi":"10.1071/RD26167","DOIUrl":"10.1071/RD26167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT, or cloning) in wild animal species is considered a potential tool in biodiversity conservation to restore genetic diversity in animal populations and overcome the detrimental effects of inbreeding, climate change, or diseases in rare and endangered animal populations. In January 2026, the Committee for Companion Animals, Non-Domestic and Endangered Species (CANDES) of the International Embryo Technology Society (IETS) organized a round table discussion on future directions in wildlife cloning. This paper reflects the content of discussions among experts in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and specialists in wild animal conservation. After reviewing the advantages and limitations of SCNT, several research priorities were identified. Importantly, strengthening open communication and data exchange among experts was highly recommended to ensure that progress in the field is effective. It was also emphasized that regulatory and ethical frameworks are still required to better integrate this technology into animal conservation efforts. Overall, SCNT remains a highly specialized technology with a distinct, yet currently limited, role in biodiversity conservation. Its true value does not lie in immediate population recovery, but in its capacity to preserve genetic material, generate critical scientific insight, and inspire new collaborations across different disciplines.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148715077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of sperm motility kinematics in six fish species of the subfamily Leuciscinae (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes).","authors":"Katarzyna Dziewulska, Jan Bocianowski","doi":"10.1071/RD26092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/RD26092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>A comparative study was conducted on the sperm motility kinematics of six species within the subfamily Leuciscinae, aiming to elucidate the potential relationship between variations in sperm motility parameters and both the water currents at their spawning grounds and their mating behaviour.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) was performed to evaluate nine motility parameters. Water currents at the spawning grounds and mating behaviours were compiled based on literature data.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>This study identified both similarities and differences in sperm motility characteristics. Differences in sperm motility kinematics primarily concerned velocity at activation and the total duration of movement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In rheophilic Leuciscinae spawners, such as the vimba bream and chub, a prolonged motility duration or lower sperm velocities were observed compared to still-water spawners. Still-water spawners, such as the territorial freshwater bream and the non-territorial white bream, which exhibits reported courtship tactics, showed intermediate sperm velocities. The roach and rudd, which display lek-like mating behaviour, presented the highest initial velocities.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Further research is required to confirm that sperm traits in Leuciscinae are strongly shaped by environmental conditions and mating systems, as well as to provide detailed descriptions of the multi-faceted biological factors that underlie breeding success across different species.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconnecting the complexity of sperm biology within male reproductive health.","authors":"Cat Morton-Burns","doi":"10.1071/RD26075","DOIUrl":"10.1071/RD26075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spermatozoa (sperm) are the endpoint of a complex developmental process shaped by physiology, environment, and evolution. Their diversity and functional sophistication underpin our foundational understanding of male reproductive science. Here, I reconnect male reproductive healthcare and fertility practice with the dynamic biology underlying sperm diversity, emphasising their structural, functional, and physiological intricacy in both research and clinical settings. Drawing on presentations delivered at the 2025 Society for Reproductive Biology Annual Conference (Perth, Australia) and the 2025 Fertility Society of Australia and New Zealand Annual Conference (Adelaide, Australia), this viewpoint article underscores that sperm complexity must guide both scientific inquiry and evidence-based clinical practice that is demonstrably linked to meaningful patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148595252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alginate oligosaccharides alleviate heat stress-induced damage to tight junctions and regulate autophagy in sertoli cells.","authors":"Wen-Feng Jiang, Tong Niu, Zheng-Hui Lan, Rong-Feng Cao, Kai-Qiang Fu, Zhong-Ling Jiang, Shi-Yong Zhu, Chun-Yu Xiong, Yan-Ni Feng, Hua-Tao Li","doi":"10.1071/RD26059","DOIUrl":"10.1071/RD26059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Heat stress (HS) induces spermatogenic disorders and reduces sperm quality in males. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) exhibit antioxidant and reproductive protective effects, but the molecular mechanism by which AOS improves HS-induced declines in semen quality remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the protective effects and underlying molecular mechanism of AOS on HS-induced male reproductive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six-week-old mice were assigned to the following four groups: control, heat stress, AOS, and AOS + heat stress. We systematically evaluated male fertility, sperm quality, testicular morphology, blood-testis barrier (BTB), tight junctions in Sertoli cells (TJs), and autophagy levels.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>The results showed that AOS significantly attenuated the HS-induced reductions in pregnancy rate, litter size, sperm concentration, motility, and acrosome integrity. AOS also alleviated HS-induced testicular structural damage and blood-testis barrier leakage, and restored the expression levels of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-11. In addition, HS induced abnormally elevated autophagy, as evidenced by increased autophagosomes, upregulated expression of LC3B, Beclin-1, and autophagy-related genes, and decreased p62 expression levels, whereas AOS restored autophagic flux to normal levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The protective effects of AOS relieve heat stress-induced damage to tight junctions via regulating autophagy in Sertoli cells.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>These findings provide a theoretical basis for AOS as a potential agent for the prevention of HS-related reproductive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular and molecular characterization of the testicular development of GDF9-edited pigs.","authors":"Tiantuan Jiang, Jinming Guo, Yafei Jiao, Meina Xu, Jian He, Xiangyu Liu, Guangsheng Qin, Xiaohong Liu, Yaosheng Chen, Peiqing Cong, Zuyong He","doi":"10.1071/RD26060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/RD26060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Growth differentiation factor (GDF) 9 is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily, which plays an important role in mammalian ovarian follicular development and female fertility. However, its regulatory role in the male reproductive system remains largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of GDF9 in porcine testicular development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established a GDF9-edited pig model through CRISPR-Cas9 technology and somatic cell nuclear transplantation. The testicular development of one edited piglet at birth and one at Day 14 were characterized via Western blotting, haematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry at cellular and molecular levels.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Based on the preliminary analysis of one edited piglet at birth and one at Day 14, we did not observe changes to the gross morphological and anatomical structures of porcine testes at early developmental stages. However, the developmental process or cellular functions of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells and spermatogonia may be affected, as reflected by the altered expression patterns of SOX9, AR, DHRS9, DDX4 and ANXA2 in the testes. Noticeably, the altered expression of StAR may indicate an impact of GDF9 editing on the steroid hormone synthesis functions of porcine Leydig cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that GDF9 may affect porcine testicular development at the early postnatal stage.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>These preliminary results provide a valuable foundation for future comprehensive studies toelucidate the regulatory mechanism of GDF9 in porcine testicular development.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic of extracellular matrix remodeling and follicular morphology in cattle ovarian slices cultivated in medium supplemented with Croton argyrophyllus Kunth essential oil.","authors":"Emanoel da S Félix, Venância A N Azevedo, Felipe F da Silva, Ernando I T de Assis, Solano D Martins, Valdevane R Araújo, Geovany A Gomes, José R V Silva","doi":"10.1071/RD25116","DOIUrl":"10.1071/RD25116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Ovarian tissue culture is commonly associated with increased follicular degeneration and extracellular matrix (ECM) changes largely owing to oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate whether culture medium supplementation with Croton argyrophyllus Kunth essential oil (CAEO) attenuates the alterations in follicle morphology, integrity of ECM and stromal cells in cultured tissues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ovarian slices were cultivated for 6 days in α-MEM+ alone or with 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 μg/mL CAEO. Subsequent to the culture period, the proportion of follicle survival and development were determined by histological analysis. The collagen and glycosaminoglycan areas, as well as the stromal cells numbers, were determined.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Ovarian tissue cultivated with 10.0 and 100.0 μg/mL CAEO showed higher percentage of normal follicles. Irrespective of the concentration, CAEO promoted an increase in collagen fiber density compared with tissues cultivated in α-MEM+ only, keeping the values similar to uncultured control. A reduction in collagen density was observed around primary follicles in comparison to primordial follicles in cultured tissues. The CAEO did not influence glycosaminoglycans, but the presence of 100.0 μg/mL CAEO increased the number of stromal cells compared with tissues cultured in control medium.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CAEO (10 and 100 μg/mL) increased follicle survival and improved collagen fiber organization in cultured ovarian slices. The stromal cell density was also increased in tissues cultured with 100.0 μg/mL CAEO.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The CAEO is a promising supplement for improving in vitro ovarian tissue culture conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147871199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of repeated ovulation induction and superovulation on ovarian reserve and early embryo development in obese and PCOS-like mouse models.","authors":"Jyolsna Ponnaratta Kunhiraman, Reyon Dcunha, Vanishree Vasave Madhvacharya, Vani Lakshmi R, Ganesh Venkatraman, Nidhi Rajesh Shah, Anujith Kumar, Satish Kumar Adiga, Nagarajan Kannan, Guruprasad Kalthur","doi":"10.1071/RD26037","DOIUrl":"10.1071/RD26037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Women with obesity or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often require repeated ovulation induction (OI) due to ovulatory dysfunction and infertility. However, the cumulative effects of repeated stimulation on ovarian function and embryo development remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to understand the consequences of repeated OI and/or repeated superovulation (SO) on preimplantation embryonic development in obese (high-fat diet-induced) and PCOS (high-fat diet and dehydroepiandrosterone-induced) mouse models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Control (without any metabolic disorder), obese, and PCOS mice were divided into three experimental groups. The mice in one round of superovulation (SO1) were injected with 5 IU intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin, followed by 10 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin 48 h later. In the repeated superovulation (SO3) group, mice were subjected to three rounds of superovulation with a gap of 9 days between each superovulation. Mice in the OI3 + SO3 group were administered with three doses of CC (50 mg/kg body weight, i.p., gap of 9 days between each CC injection), followed by three rounds of superovulation.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Both single and three rounds of superovulation resulted in decrease in primordial follicles and a moderate increase in atretic follicles in obese and PCOS mice. Reduction in the number of ovulated oocytes, increased rate of abnormal fertilization, decrease in blastocyst rate and elevated DNA damage in blastocysts were observed in in vitro fertilization-derived embryos.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate compromised embryonic development following repeated ovarian stimulation.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The study highlights need for mild ovarian stimulation strategies in metabolically compromised patients undergoing infertility treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":516117,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction, fertility, and development","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}