Anthropological Theory最新文献_第9页

Introductory note on play and ritual: Rhythm, pulsation, and fractal dynamics 游戏和仪式介绍：节奏、脉动和分形动力学

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499619844370

Jens Kreinath, M. Shapiro

引用次数: 0

Some reflections on Levinas and ethics: Response to Alvi 列维纳斯与伦理学的思考——对阿尔维的回应

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499619890426

K. O’Neill

引用次数: 1

Levinas and ethics: The death of Pope John Paul II 列维纳斯与伦理：教皇约翰·保罗二世之死

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499618785529

Anjum Alvi

引用次数: 3

Playing with frames of reference in veneration rituals: Fractal dynamics in encounters with a Muslim saint 在崇拜仪式中玩参考框架:与穆斯林圣人相遇的分形动力学

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499619841212

Jens Kreinath

{"title":"Playing with frames of reference in veneration rituals: Fractal dynamics in encounters with a Muslim saint","authors":"Jens Kreinath","doi":"10.1177/1463499619841212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1463499619841212","url":null,"abstract":"Paradigmatic shifts in anthropological theory shape the ways in which play and ritual are conceptualized. By demarcating these shifts, the argument is made that an analysis of both play and ritual must start with the possibility of choice as distributed among participants who engage in play and ritual as forms of social practice. Taking the dynamics of framing in play and ritual and the patterns emerging in social interaction as a point of departure, the configuration of ‘fractal dynamics’ is introduced to relate play and rituals as emerging through recursive processes of framing social interaction. Based on rituals of saint veneration among Arab Alawites in southernmost Turkey, it is argued that not only are forms of ritual interaction among devotees at pilgrimage sites playful but also that ritual interactions of devotees with the saint are a form of existential play of chance and disguise. By taking into account the myth and social cosmology that institutes such rituals of veneration and interaction with the saint, it is concluded that these rituals of veneration and interaction with the saint as a non-human agent play with frames of reference. This is done in similar ways, as when the saint acts as a trickster or symbolic type and is perceived by devotees as playing with their perception through disguise and simulation. The reconfiguration of play and ritual through ‘fractal dynamics’ does not only explain the changing dynamics of social configurations in religious interactions with non-human agents, but it also helps to account for probability and choice—and simulation and disguise—in social situations that border the religious and mundane.","PeriodicalId":51554,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Theory","volume":"20 1","pages":"221 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1463499619841212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43944157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Should we worry about belief? 我们应该担心信仰吗?

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499619835372

Joseph Streeter

{"title":"Should we worry about belief?","authors":"Joseph Streeter","doi":"10.1177/1463499619835372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1463499619835372","url":null,"abstract":"Suspicion of the concept of belief is now widely held among anthropologists. To determine whether this suspicion is justified, we must understand what belief is. Yet the question of how we are to reach an understanding of belief has not received much attention among anthropologists, who tend to assume that they know what belief-ascriptions entail whenever they criticize the use of the concept. But is this assumption warranted? This paper addresses this question by going back to a central text in the history of anthropological debate about belief, Rodney Needham’s Belief, Language, and Experience. It focuses particularly on Needham’s use of the later philosophy of Wittgenstein, arguing that Needham systematically misunderstands Wittgenstein’s work and misses the challenge that Wittgenstein poses to his own guiding assumptions about psychological concepts. The author argues that the failure of Needham’s critique of belief has broader implications. Although recent critics of belief are not motivated by Needham’s concerns, their understanding of belief-ascriptions, and so of the nature of belief, is continuous in important respects with the understanding that structures Needham’s work. If this is really a misunderstanding of belief, as Wittgenstein’s discussions of the concept suggest, then it follows that their criticisms are no more compelling than Needham’s. More specifically, it suggests that, like Needham, they are not really talking about belief at all. The author develops this argument with a discussion of the critiques of belief in the work of Joel Robbins and of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Martin Holbraad.","PeriodicalId":51554,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Theory","volume":"20 1","pages":"133 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1463499619835372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41471407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Dynamics of movement: Intensity, ritualized play and the cosmology of kinship relations in Northeast Brazil 运动的动力:强度、仪式化的游戏和巴西东北部亲属关系的宇宙观

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499619844102

M. Shapiro

{"title":"Dynamics of movement: Intensity, ritualized play and the cosmology of kinship relations in Northeast Brazil","authors":"M. Shapiro","doi":"10.1177/1463499619844102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1463499619844102","url":null,"abstract":"Relations between play and ritual are notoriously problematic. While play tends to produce doubt, uncertainty and paradox, ritual instead clarifies, authenticates and refines the moral order. Focusing ethnographically on a celebration for the Divine Holy Spirit (Divino Espírito Santo) in the Brazilian state of Maranhão, in this article I nonetheless move away from this common juxtaposition of ritual and play as mutually exclusive conceptual frameworks. I argue that we can instead imagine play and ritual as dynamic, processual experiences, which frequently merge when they are enacted together in highly symbolic public events. Seen in this light, ritual and play do not necessarily differ as rigid, predefined, conceptual frames, but rather as experiences that unfold in different forms: the experiential dynamic of play-scenarios is felt as horizontal deregulation, while the experiential dynamic of rituals converges towards and linear hierarchization. I consequently suggest more broadly that such dynamic terms as ‘pulsation’, ‘intensity’ and ‘rhythm’ better explicate the enduring social effects of public events in which the unequivocal and the ambiguous incessantly reconstitute each other.","PeriodicalId":51554,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Theory","volume":"20 1","pages":"193 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1463499619844102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46977158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The vitality of vitalism in contemporary anthropology: Longing for an ever green tree of life 生命主义在当代人类学中的生命力：渴望一棵常青的生命之树

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-05-13 DOI: 10.1177/1463499620923546

L. F. Duarte

引用次数: 3

The concealed gift 隐藏的礼物

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.1177/1463499620912964

A. Andre

{"title":"The concealed gift","authors":"A. Andre","doi":"10.1177/1463499620912964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1463499620912964","url":null,"abstract":"If homo economicus exists anywhere, surely he must be found among financial traders. Amid the shouting and shoving of trading pits and the manic clicking and phone slamming of electronic trading desks, the atomized, rational, self-interested agency of neoclassical economic theory appears to emerge. Ethnographers of traders have refuted atomism and instead proposed a socially embedded but still rational and self-interested agent: an embedded homo economicus. I take this critique a step further and argue that traders are neither rational nor self-interested. Certainly, traders present themselves as rational and self-interested, but a ‘thick’ understanding of their social performances and cultural forms proves otherwise. My analysis focuses on the practice of friendly betting among Chicago traders. Despite its competitive appearances, friendly betting constitutes a non-rational, non-self-interested system of gift exchange and evinces why the myth of embedded homo economicus is both beguiling and false. This conclusion cuts to fundamental issues of agency and practice, and calls for widespread scepticism of theories of rational self-interest. As neoclassical economic theory and market ideology spread around the globe and rational self-interest becomes increasingly normalized, we must be wary of confirmation bias and remember the old ethnographic principle that people aren’t always what they say they are.","PeriodicalId":51554,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Theory","volume":"21 1","pages":"50 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1463499620912964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45467733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The evolution of ‘culture’: Juggling a concept “文化”的演变:玩弄一个概念

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499618814598

Martin Palecek

{"title":"The evolution of ‘culture’: Juggling a concept","authors":"Martin Palecek","doi":"10.1177/1463499618814598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1463499618814598","url":null,"abstract":"Although the concept of culture was severely criticized in the second half of the twentieth century, its explanatory use has not been abandoned. Evolutionary psychologists and cognitive scientists have more recently used the concept in models and theories of culture. This use renews the hope that the concept of culture can be explanatorily useful within the social sciences, especially since the new definition of culture connects with both the idea of evolution and with the other natural sciences. In this paper, I analyze the models of cultural evolution developed by Cultural Evolutionary Science (CES), more specifically gene-culture coevolution theoretical models and dual-inheritance theories. I argue that even if CES scholars mostly claim that for them, culture is equal to information, some of these models have aspirations to bring back cultures as discrete units that resemble the social anthropological models of culture that have been already abandoned. I discuss evolutionists’ and social anthropologists’ objections to these models. I claim that despite the popularity of cultural evolutionist theories, social scientists (cultural anthropologists and historians, for example) should remain skeptical about the possibility that this approach can assume an explanatory role for a concept of culture.","PeriodicalId":51554,"journal":{"name":"Anthropological Theory","volume":"20 1","pages":"53 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1463499618814598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44133847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

No such thing as a concept: A radical tradition from Malinowski to Asad and Strathern 没有所谓的概念:从马林诺夫斯基到阿萨德和斯特拉森的激进传统

IF 1.7 2区社会学

Anthropological Theory Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/1463499618805916

Ashley Lebner

引用次数: 15