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Engineers on responsibility: feminist approaches to who’s responsible for ethical AI 关于责任的工程师：女权主义者对人工智能伦理责任的看法
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-023-09739-1
Eleanor Drage, Kerry McInerney, Jude Browne
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引用次数: 0
AI and the need for justification (to the patient). 人工智能和（向患者）说明理由的必要性。
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-024-09754-w
Anantharaman Muralidharan, Julian Savulescu, G Owen Schaefer
{"title":"AI and the need for justification (to the patient).","authors":"Anantharaman Muralidharan, Julian Savulescu, G Owen Schaefer","doi":"10.1007/s10676-024-09754-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10676-024-09754-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper argues that one problem that besets black-box AI is that it lacks algorithmic justifiability. We argue that the norm of shared decision making in medical care presupposes that treatment decisions ought to be justifiable to the patient. Medical decisions are justifiable to the patient only if they are compatible with the patient's values and preferences and the patient is able to see that this is so. Patient-directed justifiability is threatened by black-box AIs because the lack of rationale provided for the decision makes it difficult for patients to ascertain whether there is adequate fit between the decision and the patient's values. This paper argues that achieving algorithmic transparency does not help patients bridge the gap between their medical decisions and values. We introduce a hypothetical model we call Justifiable AI to illustrate this argument. Justifiable AI aims at modelling normative and evaluative considerations in an explicit way so as to provide a stepping stone for patient and physician to jointly decide on a course of treatment. If our argument succeeds, we should prefer these justifiable models over alternatives if the former are available and aim to develop said models if not.</p>","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10912120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trustworthiness of voting advice applications in Europe. 欧洲投票建议应用程序的可信度。
IF 3.4 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-024-09790-6
Elisabeth Stockinger, Jonne Maas, Christofer Talvitie, Virginia Dignum
{"title":"Trustworthiness of voting advice applications in Europe.","authors":"Elisabeth Stockinger, Jonne Maas, Christofer Talvitie, Virginia Dignum","doi":"10.1007/s10676-024-09790-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10676-024-09790-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Voting Advice Applications (VAAs) are interactive tools used to assist in one's choice of a party or candidate to vote for in an upcoming election. They have the potential to increase citizens' trust and participation in democratic structures. However, there is no established ground truth for one's electoral choice, and VAA recommendations depend strongly on architectural and design choices. We assessed several representative European VAAs according to the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI provided by the European Commission using publicly available information. We found scores to be comparable across VAAs and low in most requirements, with differences reflecting the kind of developing institution. Across VAAs, we identify the need for improvement in (i) transparency regarding the subjectivity of recommendations, (ii) diversity of stakeholder participation, (iii) user-centric documentation of algorithm, and (iv) disclosure of the underlying values and assumptions.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10676-024-09790-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11415416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large language models and their big bullshit potential. 大型语言模型及其巨大潜力
IF 3.4 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-024-09802-5
Sarah A Fisher
{"title":"Large language models and their big bullshit potential.","authors":"Sarah A Fisher","doi":"10.1007/s10676-024-09802-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10676-024-09802-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Newly powerful large language models have burst onto the scene, with applications across a wide range of functions. We can now expect to encounter their outputs at rapidly increasing volumes and frequencies. Some commentators claim that large language models are <i>bullshitting</i>, generating convincing output without regard for the truth. If correct, that would make large language models distinctively dangerous discourse participants. Bullshitters not only undermine the norm of truthfulness (by saying false things) but the normative status of truth itself (by treating it as entirely irrelevant). So, do large language models really bullshit? I argue that they can, in the sense of issuing propositional content in response to fact-seeking prompts, without having first assessed that content for truth or falsity. However, I further argue that they <i>need not</i> bullshit, given appropriate guardrails. So, just as with human speakers, the propensity for a large language model to bullshit depends on its own particular make-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How to teach responsible AI in Higher Education: challenges and opportunities 如何在高等教育中教授负责任的人工智能：挑战与机遇
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-023-09733-7
Andrea Aler Tubella, Marçal Mora-Cantallops, Juan Carlos Nieves
{"title":"How to teach responsible AI in Higher Education: challenges and opportunities","authors":"Andrea Aler Tubella, Marçal Mora-Cantallops, Juan Carlos Nieves","doi":"10.1007/s10676-023-09733-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-023-09733-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can machine learning make naturalism about health truly naturalistic? A reflection on a data-driven concept of health 机器学习能否使关于健康的自然主义成为真正的自然主义？对数据驱动的健康概念的思考
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-023-09734-6
A. Guersenzvaig
{"title":"Can machine learning make naturalism about health truly naturalistic? A reflection on a data-driven concept of health","authors":"A. Guersenzvaig","doi":"10.1007/s10676-023-09734-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-023-09734-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital twins, big data governance, and sustainable tourism 数字双胞胎、大数据治理和可持续旅游业
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-023-09730-w
E. Rahmadian, Daniel Feitosa, Yulia Virantina
{"title":"Digital twins, big data governance, and sustainable tourism","authors":"E. Rahmadian, Daniel Feitosa, Yulia Virantina","doi":"10.1007/s10676-023-09730-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-023-09730-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public health measures and the rise of incidental surveillance: Considerations about private informational power and accountability 公共卫生措施和偶然监督的兴起：关于私人信息权力和问责制的思考
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-023-09732-8
Bart Kamphorst, Adam Henschke
{"title":"Public health measures and the rise of incidental surveillance: Considerations about private informational power and accountability","authors":"Bart Kamphorst, Adam Henschke","doi":"10.1007/s10676-023-09732-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-023-09732-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conceptualising and regulating all neural data from consumer-directed devices as medical data: more scope for an unnecessary expansion of medical influence? 将所有来自消费者自主设备的神经数据视为医疗数据并加以监管：医疗影响力的不必要扩张还有更大空间？
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-023-09735-5
Brad Partridge, Susan Dodds
{"title":"Conceptualising and regulating all neural data from consumer-directed devices as medical data: more scope for an unnecessary expansion of medical influence?","authors":"Brad Partridge, Susan Dodds","doi":"10.1007/s10676-023-09735-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-023-09735-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Right to Break the Law? Perfect Enforcement of the Law Using Technology Impedes the Development of Legal Systems 违法的权利？利用技术完美执法阻碍了法律制度的发展
IF 3.6 2区 哲学
Ethics and Information Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10676-023-09737-3
Bart Custers
{"title":"The Right to Break the Law? Perfect Enforcement of the Law Using Technology Impedes the Development of Legal Systems","authors":"Bart Custers","doi":"10.1007/s10676-023-09737-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-023-09737-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51495,"journal":{"name":"Ethics and Information Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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