{"title":"Can proximity to World Heritage Sites reduce corporate misconduct? Evidence from Chinese listed companies","authors":"Hongquan Li, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.103000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.103000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>World Heritage Sites are recognized globally for their outstanding value to humanity, embodying landmarks of cultural, historical, or scientific significance, which exert a profound socioeconomic influence on surrounding regions. Although prior studies have explored the influence of broader cultural contexts on corporate behavior, the impact of proximity to World Heritage Sites on firms’ ethical conduct remains largely underexplored. Using firm-level data from China, with its rich World Heritage Sites and ancient civilization, we find a significant negative association between the number of World Heritage Sites near a company and corporate misconduct, indicating that firms closer to these sites are less likely to engage in violations. Through our mechanism analysis, we demonstrate that proximity to World Heritage Sites reduces corporate misconduct by fostering a stronger corporate culture and improving the overall quality of corporate governance, driven by heightened legitimacy pressures. We further find that the influence of proximity to World Heritage Sites is more pronounced in non-state-owned companies and those with lower corporate social responsibility. These findings contribute to the field of cultural finance and offer valuable insights for policymakers and investors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 103000"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural disaster experiences, resilience resources, and household risky financial market participation: Evidence from China","authors":"Jiankun Liu , Chante Jian Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural disasters have been demonstrated to cause devastating effects on household livelihood, but little is known about the impact of natural disasters on households’ financial behaviors. Using data from the China Household Finance Survey spanning 2019–2021, this study examined the relationship between natural disaster experiences and household risky financial market participation and investigated the role of resilience resources in moderating the potential adverse impact of natural disasters. The findings demonstrated that natural disaster experiences reduced household risky financial market participation rates as well as risky asset allocation in their financial portfolios. This decline was caused by an income decrease, a shift in risk attitudes toward risk aversion, and an increase in psychological stress. Furthermore, the negative impact of natural disaster experiences on risky financial market participation would be mitigated by individual- and household-level resilience resources, i.e., financial literacy and socio-economic status. Our study explained the limited participation puzzle in the risky financial market in China from the perspective of natural disaster risks and highlighted the significance of the improvement in affected households’ finance behaviors by narrowing gaps in resilience resources between households.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102942"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does passive ownership affect corporate governance? Evidence from the Bank of Japan’s ETF purchasing program","authors":"Masumi Sai , Kazuo Yamada","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We show that passive ownership improves the corporate governance of listed companies utilizing the large-scale equity exchange-traded fund (ETF) purchase program by the Bank of Japan (BOJ). The program provides a cross-sectional variation in the ownership by passive ownership. The empirical findings reveal that firms with high passive ownership are more likely to dismantle anti-takeover defenses, introduce executive stock options, have a high ratio of outside directors and female board members, and have small boards. Furthermore, our empirical results show that passive ownership dismantles Japanese historical closed ownership structures. These results are robust using alternative definitions and under a variety of subsamples. These findings suggest that passive ownership contributes to improved corporate governance practices among listed companies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102924"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does P2P lending promote the traditional bank-based financial inclusion? Spatial evidence from 34 developing economies","authors":"Barbara Koranteng, Kefei You","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whilst prior literature often suggests that P2P lending address the credit needs of borrowers unserved and underserved by the formal banking sector, this paper contends that the significance of P2P lending extends beyond merely bridging the credit gap created by banks. By empowering the borrowers (often marginalised entities) with knowledge, skills, confidence and necessary documentations, P2P lending plays a transformative role, facilitating these borrowers towards their eventual acceptance and integration into the traditional banking system. We then formally investigate the impact of P2P lending on the traditional bank-based financial inclusion for a group of 34 developing countries during 2013–2020, considering spatial dependence amongst these nations. We find that, first, there is positive cross-country spatial dependence in the traditional financial inclusion, substantiating the use of spatial analysis. Second, utilising the Spatial Durbin Model which is found to be the most suitable specification, we find that P2P lending enhances the traditional financial inclusion, both domestically and in neighbouring economies. Third, the above holds when the largest P2P lender amongst developing nations (i.e., China) and/or the impact of the Covid pandemic (i.e., year 2020) is excluded. Fourth, removing the Covid-19 effect strengthens the positive influence of P2P lending on traditional financial inclusion, signifying the importance of economic stability and connectivity in fostering this relationship. Finally, the robustness of these findings is confirmed with an alternative weight matrix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102947"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Financial development, international financial integration, and income inequality: An emerging markets perspective","authors":"Zal Yıldırım , İlkay Şendeniz-Yüncü","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the effect of financial development and financial integration on income inequality in 31 emerging and developing countries over the period 2000–2019. The empirical analysis in this study employs the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach. Our findings show that banking sector development is associated with increased income inequality, whereas stock market development is associated with reduced inequality, particularly when both banking and stock market indicators are simultaneously included in the regressions. This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence on the critical role of both bank-based and market-based development measures in addressing the financial sector’s influence on income inequality. We further show that financial openness mitigates income inequality, contributing to a relatively understudied area of literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102917"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingjing Zhang , Weiwei Zhang , Chang Su , Paul Kattuman
{"title":"The impact of environmental protection fee-to-tax reform on differentiated environmental management behavior of firms","authors":"Jingjing Zhang , Weiwei Zhang , Chang Su , Paul Kattuman","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does a legal system of imposing environmental protection tax impact the environmental management behavior options available to firms? We examine the issue using data from listed companies in China from 2009 to 2020, utilizing the environmental protection fee-to-tax reform (EFTR) as a quasi-natural experiment. The difference-in-difference estimates indicate that EFTR incentivizes firms to enhance end-of-pipe pollutant treatment and incorporate environmental actions into administration while discouraging the adoption of green production processes, and this finding remains robust across a series of tests. This suggests that corporate environmental management may be more symbolic than substantive. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that local governments' environmental goals and residents' environmental concerns primarily enhance the impact of EFTR on pollutant treatment. In contrast, executives with higher levels of education are better positioned to enhance the effect of EFTR on green production processes. However, financial constraints significantly diminish the environmental advantages of EFTR. Mechanism analysis suggests that EFTR compels firms to disclose more detailed environmental information to bolster their green image, thereby selectively adopting environmental behavior. Overall, this paper sheds light on how firms adapt environmental strategies in response to green tax regulations and offers insights for improving environmental governance policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102982"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shadow banking regulation and firm investment efficiency: Evidence from China's new regulation of capital management","authors":"Ziqin Yu , Xiang Xiao , Ge Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Though China's shadow banking has compensated for the lack of formal financial development, its rapid expansion may magnify the risks of China's financial system. The <em>New Regulation of Capital Management</em> (<em>NRCM</em>) has been issued to regulate shadow banking in China. In this paper, with Chinese A-share listed firms from 2013 to 2021 as samples, we use the optimized generalized double difference approach to study the impact of shadow banking regulation on firm investment efficiency and its effect mechanism. We find that under the <em>NRCM</em>, shadow banking regulation, mainly by inhibiting firms' overinvestment, can substantially enhance firms' investment efficiency. Moreover, the mechanism test also finds that, by suppressing corporate financial asset investment and reducing corporate risk and agency costs, the <em>NRCM</em> can improve investment efficiency. Our study helps to take a more dialectical view of shadow banking regulatory policies and provides some implications for other developing countries and emerging economies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102940"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carbon efficiency and green bonds: The institutional investors’ green touch","authors":"Imen Khanchel , Naima Lassoued , Cyrine Khiari , Sana-Akbar Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the relationship between green bonds and carbon efficiency and examines whether institutional ownership moderates this relationship. Using a sample of U.S. firms that issued green bonds alongside an equal number of matched companies without green bonds from 2014 to 2022, we estimate carbon efficiency through the robust and widely accepted Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Our results reveal a positive link between green bonds and carbon efficiency, suggesting that firms engaged in green financing have the potential to achieve significantly higher carbon efficiency levels than their counterparts. Furthermore, we confirm that institutional ownership significantly moderates the relationship; that is, firms with higher levels of institutional ownership exhibit an even stronger positive relationship between green bonds and carbon efficiency. This underscores the crucial role of institutional investors in enhancing firms' sustainability efforts by supporting and overseeing green financing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102943"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Are institutional investors effective monitors in a country where closely held firms predominate? Insights from agency problem-driven dividend payouts","authors":"Michał Kałdoński , Tomasz Jewartowski","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our paper provides evidence on the role institutional investors play as minority shareholders in shaping payout policies of their portfolio firms. Using a sample of companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, where institutional investors typically play the role of non-controlling shareholders, we show that long-term institutional ownership is positively associated with dividend payouts. This positive relation holds mostly for independent long-term institutional investors. Moreover, it is observed only in firms with relatively high needs for monitoring stemming from more severe agency problems, e.g., firms with above-average levels of free cash flow and “majority-controlled” firms (i.e., firms with insiders controlling at least 50 % of voting rights and using control-enhancing mechanisms). At the same time, we provide evidence that institutional ownership mitigates the over-investment problem and increases corporate transparency for the same groups of long-term institutional investors. All in all, our results indicate that long-term institutional investors can act as monitors and thus mitigate agency problems stemming from the conflicts of interest between majority and minority shareholders, which is typical for countries with concentrated ownership of public companies and weak investor protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102976"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Federico Giovanni Rega , Simona Russo , Dario Salerno
{"title":"Disentangling the S and the G in the European banking industry: The role of climate risk and opportunity awareness","authors":"Federico Giovanni Rega , Simona Russo , Dario Salerno","doi":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The awareness of climate change risks and opportunities is crucial for the banking industry, as the environmental transition poses social (S) and governance (G) challenges. An extensive literature has examined the drivers and effects of ESG performance – proxied by ESG scores - on banking dimensions, whereas the relationship between climate risks and opportunities management and S and G factors has received little attention. Using a sample of European banks over the 2013–2022 period, we provide empirical evidence on the crucial role of financial institutions' climate awareness in improving S and G strategies and practices. In particular, this link is positive and significant for some social and governance sub-scores related to the green transition, such as <em>product responsibility, community, stakeholder engagement,</em> and <em>management</em>. Moreover, some supervisory and risk governance mechanisms, such as the IRB approach validation for regulatory purposes, seem to strengthen this relationship. Robust to a battery of sensitivity and robustness checks, our results offer a new contribution to the literature, providing useful suggestions for banks, policymakers, and regulatory authorities, supporting the ongoing debate about the interconnectedness between climate risk awareness and the other spheres of sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51430,"journal":{"name":"Research in International Business and Finance","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102977"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}