{"title":"The development of susceptibility to geometric visual illusions in children – A systematic review","authors":"Radoslaw Wincza, Calum Hartley, Jerome Fenton-Romdhani, Sally Linkenauger, Trevor Crawford","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investigating children’s susceptibility to visual illusions (VIs) offers a unique window into the development of human perception. Although research in this field dates back to the seminal work of Binet in 1895, developmental trajectories for many VIs remain unclear. Here, for the very first time, we provide a comprehensive systematic review of research investigating children’s susceptibility to five of the most famous VIs: the Ebbinghaus, Ponzo, Müller-Lyer, Poggendorff, and Vertical-Horizontal illusions. Following PRISMA best-practice guidelines, 70 articles were identified across four databases (Scopus, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, and Web of Science). Our findings reveal opposing developmental trends across illusions; the magnitude of the Müller-Lyer, Poggendorff, and Vertical-Horizontal illusions tends to decrease with age, while the magnitude of the Ebbinghaus and Ponzo illusions typically increases with age. However, developmental trajectories identified by studies investigating the same illusion can vary dramatically due to substantial variability in methods and stimuli. Researchers are more likely to find decreasing VI magnitude with increasing age when employing the method of adjustment response paradigm, whereas the two-way alternative forced-choice paradigm typically reveals greater VI magnitude with increasing age. These findings suggest that conclusions regarding the development of VI susceptibility may be influenced by how they are studied and implicate the involvement of different cognitive abilities across response methods. These findings will benefit future research in dissociating the role of perceptual (e.g. the maturation of the brain's visual areas) and cognitive factors (e.g., attention span) in pinpointing the development trajectories for VI susceptibility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885201423001156/pdfft?md5=39a4e949396a8b9d5944e62e595b6c58&pid=1-s2.0-S0885201423001156-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole M. Rosa, Jacquelyn N. Raftery-Helmer, Taylor R. Whittredge, Anna Grady
{"title":"Me and my mom: Self and mother provide similar memory benefits for source memory in adolescents","authors":"Nicole M. Rosa, Jacquelyn N. Raftery-Helmer, Taylor R. Whittredge, Anna Grady","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The self-reference effect (SRE) is a memory benefit found in both adolescents and adults that occurs when new information is connected to the self, facilitating improved recall and recognition. The memory benefit extends to close others, with adults better remembering information encoded in reference to close others as compared to information encoded in connection to an unfamiliar other or neutral control condition, but this has not yet been shown in younger adolescents. The present study examined the role of self and close other in source memory in 41 adolescents (10–14 years old) and 44 young adults (18–25 years old). Findings showed that participants had significantly better memory for information connected to the self and close other compared to other referent conditions and that patterns of memory across conditions are similar in both young adults and adolescents. These findings add to our understanding of the use of self and other referencing in memory in adolescents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138465984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Josefine Haugen , Mathilde H. Prenevost , Ida B.R. Nilsen , Rolf Reber
{"title":"First insights into infants' and children's aha-experiences: A parent report study","authors":"Josefine Haugen , Mathilde H. Prenevost , Ida B.R. Nilsen , Rolf Reber","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides first insights into aha-experiences in infancy and childhood. In two studies, a content analysis of parental reports from two different populations, a Norwegian sample and an international sample of English-speaking parents, was conducted. Parents described 606 aha-stories of their children (age 3 weeks to 16 years). Three main findings were replicated across two studies: (1) Even infants may have aha-experiences; (2) Children have aha-experiences on various topics related to action and cognition; (3) The focus of aha-experiences shifts from action to cognition with age (3 weeks-8 years, Odds Ratios > 1.567). These findings may have implications for understanding what motivates children's learning and cognitive development and for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885201423001028/pdfft?md5=bff3a6474704670ce4405c1a8239b4f5&pid=1-s2.0-S0885201423001028-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lee Copping , Peter Tymms , Gabrijela Aleksić , Tiago Bartholo , Sarah J Howie , Mariane Campelo Koslinski , Christine Merrell , Maša Vidmar , Helen Wildy
{"title":"Is the order of learning numerals universal? Evidence from eight countries and six languages","authors":"Lee Copping , Peter Tymms , Gabrijela Aleksić , Tiago Bartholo , Sarah J Howie , Mariane Campelo Koslinski , Christine Merrell , Maša Vidmar , Helen Wildy","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cramman et al. (2018) proposed that numerical symbol identification may constitute a universally predictive measure of early mathematical development. While a broad pathway to learning number symbols is unsurprising, lack of systematic variation in acquisition order relative to factors such as teaching, age, country, progression stage, is. This study evidences unidimensionality of measurement of the order of ability clusters of numbers, showing that variations are minor across eight countries and, importantly, six instructional languages. This invariance suggests early symbol identification could represent a universal measurement which could a) instructionally inform teaching and learning of classroom mathematics, b) work predictively as an educational research tool and c) offer a foundation for valid international comparisons of the mathematical development of children. Tentatively, this study suggests numerical symbol identification may be a universal measure to assess mathematical cognition in early years education that is unaffected by language of instruction, gender, time of assessment and country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885201423000965/pdfft?md5=5da52fdc0e8a8c06bf520202cdd54d03&pid=1-s2.0-S0885201423000965-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138423040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An eye movement study on the mechanisms of reading fluency development","authors":"Jarkko Hautala , Stefan Hawelka , Miia Ronimus","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Little is known about how word recognition processes, such as decoding, change when reading fluency improves during the school year. Such knowledge may have practical importance by determining which aspects of reading are most malleable at a certain age and reading level. The development of word-recognition subprocesses of third- and fourth-grade Finnish students (<em>n</em> = 81) with variable reading fluency was explored from longitudinal (6-month) text reading eye-tracking data. Generic development of the word recognition system was assessed from longitudinal changes in first fixation, average refixation durations and the number of first-pass fixations. The development of orthographic word representations and decoding was studied by examining the longitudinal changes in word frequency and word length effects, respectively. According to the results, the gain in reading fluency was mainly associated with decreases in first fixation and refixation durations. These decreases, in turn, inhibited the reduction in the number of fixations. However, students who could overcome this inhibitory effect, that is, by reading both with shorter fixation durations and with fewer fixations, developed most in reading fluency. The results seem to indicate that reading fluency development is driven by increased efficiency in representing letter strings in working memory. Over time, this development may lead to fewer fixations made into a word and, thus, more letters processed during each fixation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885201423001004/pdfft?md5=14883cac510062323c1f4ad64b01ebab&pid=1-s2.0-S0885201423001004-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prospects and challenges in the use of puppets in developmental psychology: Royal road to the child’s mind or a dead end?","authors":"Markus Paulus , Jessica Caporaso","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In order to examine young children, developmental science has relied extensively on puppets, dolls, and animated stimuli. While some scholars regarded this as a royal road to the child’s mind and competencies, others conceived of it as a dead end. This article introduces the debate on the use of puppets and other simplified stimuli in </span>developmental psychology. It presents key theoretical and methodological arguments that are offered for both sides. In addition, it introduces a special issue that has collected theoretical and empirical contributions on how children process puppets, dolls, and animated stimuli as well as to illustrate the benefits and challenges of their use in developmental research. Finally, the article suggests avenues for further research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Who helps best? Children’s evaluation of knowledgeable versus wealthy individuals in negative event contexts","authors":"Kimberly E. Marble , Janet J. Boseovski","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Children favor knowledgeable people in information-seeking contexts, but is this preference maintained when other resources are available to resolve problems? This study addressed whether children relied on knowledge or wealth to decide who is qualified to help someone in need. Sixty-four 5- to 8-year-olds heard stories in which two bystanders (i.e., knowledgeable versus wealthy) witnessed a negative event. Children judged which bystander should assist a victim and which should supervise the situation. Children evaluated each bystander’s strategies and duty to help. Across ages, children indicated that the knowledgeable bystander should provide aid, supervise, and help more than the wealthy bystander, but made positive trait attributions about both bystanders. Children referenced how knowledge could produce solutions and with age, were better able to make knowledge- rather than wealth-related predictions about helpful behavior. These findings shed light on children’s understanding of wealth and draw connections between children’s reasoning about knowledge, wealth, and morality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138423041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebecca McGregor, Diana Leyva, Melissa E. Libertus
{"title":"Identifying parental math talk styles and relations to child talk and skills","authors":"Rebecca McGregor, Diana Leyva, Melissa E. Libertus","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prior studies on parental math talk often emphasize utterance frequency, with few distinguishing between utterance types (e.g., questions, statements, and confirmations). This study identified parental math talk styles (i.e., combinations of utterance types) and examined associations with children’s math and language performance. Participants were 76 mostly middle-income, White parents and their four-year-old children. Dyads’ conversations while looking at pictures were transcribed and coded for math content and children completed math and language assessments. Cluster analyses identified three parental math talk styles: Math Discussers privileged math questions and statements over other utterances, Math Commentators privileged math statements over other utterances, and Math Elicitors privileged math questions over other utterances. Math Discussers tended to be more likely than Math Commentators to have children who spoke more about math. Parental math styles did not relate to children’s math or language skills. Findings suggest parental math talk styles are promising to understand early math support.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138412572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica A. Dugan, Katherine Lee, Melanie H. Hanft, Patricia J. Bauer
{"title":"Selection of information necessary for successful self-derivation","authors":"Jessica A. Dugan, Katherine Lee, Melanie H. Hanft, Patricia J. Bauer","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accumulation of knowledge relies in part on self-derivation of new semantic knowledge through integration of separate yet related learning episodes. Prior research suggests that individual and developmental variability in self-derivation is due to differences in the precursor processes of encoding, reactivation, and integration. In the present research, we examined a fourth potential precursor process: selection of learning episodes most relevant to the target self-derived knowledge. In two experiments, we examined selection of information most relevant to self-derivation in 8-year-olds (Experiments 1 and 2) and 12-year-olds (Experiment 2). Both age groups self-derived even when there were several candidate facts from which to select. Older children had higher levels of self-derivation performance and made more correct selections than younger children. Within and across age groups, selection performance significantly predicted trial-level self-derivation success. These data provide evidence that selection of facts necessary for self-derivation contributes to the robust variability observed in self-derivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41372864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Children’s executive function during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina: Associations with home literacy, reading, and screen times","authors":"Ángel Tabullo , Lorena Canet-Juric , Valeria Abusamra","doi":"10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several studies indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic and the containment measures it required (including social distancing, quarantine and school closure) had a significant impact on children’s mental health. The present study aimed to examine executive function difficulties at behavioural level in school children during the COVID-19 lockdown, and to analyze potential associations with home literacy environment, current reading and screen times. Data were collected from mothers of 210 children (9–12 years old) through an online survey. Incidence of EF issues was higher for fourth graders in the flexibility and working memory domains, possibly reflecting developmental differences. Significant increases in children screen times were observed, while most of them did not read for pleasure on a daily basis. Parents’ literacy beliefs and children’s current leisure reading times were negative predictors of executive function difficulties (with reading times partially mediating literacy beliefs’ effects), which increased with videogame times (particularly in 4th graders). Nevertheless, perceived changes on screen or reading times with respect to prepandemic levels were not associated with executive function scores. The results might indicate: 1) opposite effects of literacy and video game times over children’s executive functioning; 2) a preference for reading or screen recreational use according to their executive function profiles; or 3) a combination of both. Our findings highlight the relation of home literacy environment, reading and screen times with children’s cognitive development, and the importance of following their trajectory during postpandemic times.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51422,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Development","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49718015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}