Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency最新文献

School transitions, peer processes, and delinquency: A social network approach to turning points in adolescence. 学校转型、同伴过程与犯罪:青少年转折点的社会网络研究

IF 2.7 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231167841

Cassie McMillan, Brittany N Freelin

{"title":"School transitions, peer processes, and delinquency: A social network approach to turning points in adolescence.","authors":"Cassie McMillan, Brittany N Freelin","doi":"10.1177/00224278231167841","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00224278231167841","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We examine how normative school transitions (e.g., moves from elementary to middle school) shape adolescents' experiences with three network processes that inform delinquency: delinquent popularity, delinquent sociability, and friend selection on shared delinquency participation.Methods: By applying stochastic actor-oriented models (SAOMs) to a sample of panel data on 13,752 students from 26 school districts in the PROSPER study, we compare outcomes for students who change schools between 6th and 7th grade to those who remain in the same building.Results: We find that adolescents who transition schools between these grades have significantly different experiences with delinquency-related network processes when compared to their peers who do not make this change. For instance, in schools that merge students from multiple elementary schools to a single middle school, delinquent youth experience a reduction in their popularity and sociability following the school transition. These declines do not characterize the social experiences of delinquent adolescents who do not change schools during this period.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that school districts can organize transition patterns to provide youth a chance to sever harmful connections, start anew, and reduce their participation in delinquency.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":" ","pages":"689-726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12323684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48799301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contextualizing Lives and Historical Time: Examining Changes in the Transition to Adulthood and Age-Arrest Trajectories from the 1960s to 2018 生活和历史时间的语境化：考察从 20 世纪 60 年代到 2018 年成年过渡和年龄逮捕轨迹的变化

IF 3.2 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/00224278241228225

Bianca E. Bersani, Elaine Eggleston Doherty

{"title":"Contextualizing Lives and Historical Time: Examining Changes in the Transition to Adulthood and Age-Arrest Trajectories from the 1960s to 2018","authors":"Bianca E. Bersani, Elaine Eggleston Doherty","doi":"10.1177/00224278241228225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00224278241228225","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The changing nature and timing of adult role acquisition during the transition to adulthood over the past several decades may hold implications for criminal offending as adult roles are fundamental to theories of desistance. This research explores whether changes in adult role attainment during young adulthood are associated with the changes in the level and slope of the age-arrest trajectory over the past half-century. Methods: Combining US Census and Uniform Crime Report data, we map the average rate of adult role attainment (e.g., marriage, parenthood, labor force, independent living) and aggregate age-arrest trajectories among young adults (ages 18-24) biennially from 1960 to 2018. We fit a multilevel growth curve model where ages are nested within years to examine whether variation in the aggregate age-arrest trajectory is associated with variation in the attainment of adulthood. Results: At the macro level, periods with higher levels of adult role attainment are associated with a swifter decline in the young adult arrest rate but not the level. Conclusions: This research positions sociohistorical context at the center of life course criminological inquiry and highlights how historical shifts in the attainment and timing of adult social roles can alter behavioral patterns during the transition to adulthood.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":"389 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Adolescents Do or Say to Actively Influence Peers: Compliance-Gaining Tactics and Adolescent Deviance 青少年做什么或说什么来积极影响同伴：获得服从的策略与青少年的偏差行为

IF 3.2 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1177/00224278241233964

Evelien M. Hoeben, Maartje A. Ten Cate, Frank M. Weerman, Jean Marie McGloin

{"title":"What Adolescents Do or Say to Actively Influence Peers: Compliance-Gaining Tactics and Adolescent Deviance","authors":"Evelien M. Hoeben, Maartje A. Ten Cate, Frank M. Weerman, Jean Marie McGloin","doi":"10.1177/00224278241233964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00224278241233964","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Despite abundant evidence of deviant peer influence, it remains unclear precisely how adolescents try to exert such influence. What do adolescents do or say to actively encourage or discourage deviance among their peers? The aim of the current study is to explore the different ways in which adolescents talk each other into—or out of—such behaviors. Methods: We analyzed narratives about delinquency ( N = 37), substance use ( N = 131), and other deviance ( N = 107), which were written by adolescents (ages 14–18) in secondary schools. The study combines criminological perspectives on situational group processes (i.e., instigation, reinforcement, and provocation) with insights on compliance-gaining from other disciplines to inform a qualitative investigation of key influence tactics. Results: Our results demonstrate that adolescents use a number of tactics to encourage and discourage deviance. Many of these same tactics are used to promote prosocial behavior, though provocation-like tactics are largely used to encourage deviance. Conclusions: The range of reported compliance tactics extends well beyond what is captured in typical studies of peer influence, largely revolving around the broader themes of instigation and attempts to impact the anticipated risks, costs, and rewards of behavior. Ultimately, this study underscores the multi-faceted, socially interactive nature of peer influence.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140036952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Examination of Racial and Ethnic Disparity in Prison Misconduct Punishment 监狱不当行为处罚中的种族和民族差异研究

IF 3.2 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231220613

Alexandra V. Nur

{"title":"An Examination of Racial and Ethnic Disparity in Prison Misconduct Punishment","authors":"Alexandra V. Nur","doi":"10.1177/00224278231220613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00224278231220613","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To examine whether the likelihood of guilty dispositions and the manner of sanctioning prison misconduct differs across racial/ethnic groups, with emphasis on sanctions other than solitary confinement. Methods: A random sample of men incarcerated in a large Northeastern state prison system is analyzed. Propensity weights are estimated by Black–White and Hispanic/Latino-White prehearing characteristics. Weighted logistic regression is used to examine guilty verdict, weighted multinomial logistic regression is used to examine type of sanction, and weighted ordinary least squares regression is used to examine length of sanction. Results: Findings reveal disproportionality in the likelihood of receiving a misconduct write-up, though reduced likelihood of guilty verdict among Black charges. Minor non-restrictive sanctions are used less among Black individuals and loss of privileges is used more often among Hispanic/Latino individuals, while disciplinary confinement is used more often among White individuals. Black and Hispanic/Latino individuals receive longer sentences for certain sanction types. Some effects are conditional on offense severity. Conclusions: Differential imposition and length of seemingly lenient sanctions may disadvantage Black and Hispanic/Latino groups for rehabilitative resources, while imposition of solitary confinement may disadvantage White groups in terms of restrictive damages. Parity should be sought in the implementation of sanctions for similarly severe misconduct.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":"137 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Collective Self-Control as a Feature of Social Contexts: Theoretical Arguments and a Multilevel Empirical Test 作为社会环境特征的集体自我控制：理论论证与多层次实证检验

IF 3.2 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231217927

Carter Hay, Walter Forrest, Brian Stults, Ryan Meldrum, Brennan Kirkpatrick

{"title":"Collective Self-Control as a Feature of Social Contexts: Theoretical Arguments and a Multilevel Empirical Test","authors":"Carter Hay, Walter Forrest, Brian Stults, Ryan Meldrum, Brennan Kirkpatrick","doi":"10.1177/00224278231217927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00224278231217927","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We draw from prior theory and research to advance theoretical arguments for how self-control may operate as a collective concept in addition to being a powerful individual quality. Next, we empirically examine hypotheses regarding the potential effects of collective self-control on offending. Methods: We use data from the 2018 Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey, a statewide survey of Florida middle school and high school students nested within more than 400 schools. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to estimate effects of individual- and school-level self-control on substance use and delinquency. Results: Variation in self-control is primarily between individuals rather than between schools, but a statistically significant amount of school-level variation was observed. Moreover, school low self-control was significantly related to substance use and delinquency, and school low self-control amplified the effects of individual low self-control. Conclusions: Self-control is a critical individual-level quality, but a unique contribution also comes from a collective-level conceptualization that considers that social groups and contexts vary in how much they promote the use of self-control.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":"28 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the Structural (In)Variances of Homicide: Examining the Differential Effects of Context Across Homicide Types 重新审视杀人的结构差异:考察背景对不同杀人类型的不同影响

1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231213026

Emma E. Fridel

引用次数: 0

The “Dark Figure” of Incarceration—The Imposition of Consecutive Incarceration Sentences as a Window of Discretion 监禁的“黑影”——连续监禁判决作为自由裁量权的窗口

1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231194709

Jeffery T. Ulmer, Miranda A. Galvin

{"title":"The “Dark Figure” of Incarceration—The Imposition of Consecutive Incarceration Sentences as a Window of Discretion","authors":"Jeffery T. Ulmer, Miranda A. Galvin","doi":"10.1177/00224278231194709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00224278231194709","url":null,"abstract":"The decision to impose consecutive incarceration sentences, rather than concurrent, is an important discretionary decision that is often not structured by guidelines. We develop and test expectations, guided by the focal concerns framework, regarding case and defendant characteristics that are likely to evoke heightened perceptions of blameworthiness and danger, and thus should be more likely to result in consecutive incarceration. We use data on individuals sentenced in Pennsylvania from 2015 to 2019 to predict the odds of receiving a consecutive incarceration sentence. We find that individuals convicted of violent offenses and those convicted of behavior spanning multiple criminal incidents were much more likely to receive consecutive incarceration. We found no evidence of differences across race of the defendant in the likelihood of receiving consecutive incarceration. We also demonstrate a strong relationship between consecutive incarceration and mode of conviction; those convicted by trial had much greater odds of receiving consecutive incarceration. Our findings raise unexamined questions about sentencing policy, including sentencing guidelines, wherein the decision between consecutive and concurrent incarceration is highly consequential, unguided, and unstructured.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135552334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Threat Dynamics and Police Use of Force 威胁动态和警察使用武力

IF 3.2 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231194711

Andrew T. Krajewski, J. Worrall, Robert M. Scales

{"title":"Threat Dynamics and Police Use of Force","authors":"Andrew T. Krajewski, J. Worrall, Robert M. Scales","doi":"10.1177/00224278231194711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00224278231194711","url":null,"abstract":"Police officers’ use of force (UoF) has traditionally been understood vis-à-vis subject resistance, but researchers have recently argued for a greater emphasis on subject threat. We examine the role of static and dynamic threat measures, consisting of indicators for ability, opportunity, and intent, in police UoF while accounting for subject resistance. We use data from a large multiagency sample of coded police force narratives and a series of multilevel models that nest temporally ordered force sequences (dyadic exchanges between officers and subjects) within their respective UoF incidents. Our results suggest that (1) police force incidents are dynamic with levels of force and resistance often fluctuating throughout the incident, (2) each element of subject threat significantly predicts force, net of resistance and other variables, and (3) the elements of threat interact with one another to explain force, but not completely as expected. Our results suggest that subject threat, in addition to resistance, provides important insights for understanding when officers either use or escalate force. We conclude with suggestions for those interested in further exploring the intersection of threat, resistance, and police UoF.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41482928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Traveling to Criminal Opportunity: Defendant Mobility, Socioeconomic Context, and Prosecutorial Charge Reductions 犯罪机会之旅：被告人流动性、社会经济背景与公诉费用减免

IF 3.2 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231192854

R. A. Hernandez, Brian D. Johnson

引用次数: 0

Does Rational Choice Help to Explain Offending Differences Across Immigrant Generations? Focusing on Serious Adolescent Offenders 理性选择有助于解释移民世代间的冒犯性差异吗?重点关注青少年严重罪犯

IF 3.2 1区社会学

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/00224278231187311

Sungil Han, A. Piquero, Bianca E. Bersani

{"title":"Does Rational Choice Help to Explain Offending Differences Across Immigrant Generations? Focusing on Serious Adolescent Offenders","authors":"Sungil Han, A. Piquero, Bianca E. Bersani","doi":"10.1177/00224278231187311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00224278231187311","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Accumulating research finds that immigrants are less likely to offend compared to their native-born counterparts in the United States. Less understood are the factors that help account for this disparity in offending. Because there are reasons to believe that immigrants weigh the costs and benefits of crime differently than their U.S.-born peers, we explore the utility of a rational choice perspective to explain the disparity in offending across immigrant generations. Methods: Utilizing data from the Pathways to Desistance Study, multilevel mixed effects models are employed to assess if perceptions of rewards and costs of crime help explain differences in offending trajectories and desistance across immigrant status. Results: Rational choice-related variables emerge as significant predictors of offending and help to explain, in part, why first-generation immigrants are less likely to offend. In particular, the perceived risk of arrest appears to play a key role and interacts with immigrant status. Conclusions: The results from this research suggest that first-generation immigrants with a higher perceived risk of arrest reported lower offending compared to second- and third-plus-generation youth. We consider the theoretical implications of the rational choice perspective to explain the divergence in offending across immigrant generation groups.","PeriodicalId":51395,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49052975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0