Traveling to Criminal Opportunity: Defendant Mobility, Socioeconomic Context, and Prosecutorial Charge Reductions

IF 2.2 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI:10.1177/00224278231192854

R. A. Hernandez, Brian D. Johnson

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: We investigate the role that neighborhood socioeconomic contexts and defendant mobility patterns play in prosecutorial charge reductions. Methods: Using data from a large sample of criminal defendants prosecuted during 2010 to 2011 in New York County (N = 68,113), we analyze differences in charge reductions for defendants who reside and offend in low- and high-income areas, and for those who traverse socioeconomically divergent neighborhoods when committing crime. Results: Net of individual defendant characteristics, like gender and race, we find that defendants from low-income neighborhoods who offend in high-income locales are significantly less likely to benefit from discretionary charge reductions. Conclusions: Defendant mobility patterns play a key role in defining the social context of criminal punishment. This suggests it is essential to consider both where a defendant resides and where their crime is committed when assessing the role of ecological stereotypes and place-based attributions in criminal court actor decision-making.

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犯罪机会之旅：被告人流动性、社会经济背景与公诉费用减免

目的：我们调查社区社会经济背景和被告流动模式在减少起诉费用中所起的作用。方法：使用2010年至2011年在纽约县被起诉的大量刑事被告样本的数据（N = 68113），我们分析了居住在低收入和高收入地区并犯罪的被告，以及那些在犯罪时穿越社会经济不同社区的被告在减少指控方面的差异。结果：扣除个别被告的特征，如性别和种族，我们发现来自低收入社区的被告在高收入地区犯罪，从可自由支配的费用减免中获益的可能性明显较小。结论：被告人的流动模式在界定刑事处罚的社会背景方面起着关键作用。这表明，在评估生态刻板印象和基于地点的归因在刑事法院行为者决策中的作用时，必须考虑被告居住的地方和犯罪地点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： For over 45 years, this international forum has advanced research in criminology and criminal justice. Through articles, research notes, and special issues, the Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency continues to keep you up to date on contemporary issues and controversies within the criminal justice field. Research and Analysis: The Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency presents a wide range of research and analysis in the field of criminology. You’ll find research on the social, political and economic contexts of criminal justice, examining victims, offenders, police, courts and sanctions. Comprehensive Coverage: The science of criminal justice combines a wide range of academic disciplines and fields of practice. To advance the field of criminal justice the journal provides a forum that is informed by a variety of fields. Among the perspectives that you’ll find represented in the journal are: -biology/genetics- criminology- criminal justice/administration- courts- corrections- crime prevention- crime science- economics- geography- police studies- political science- psychology- sociology.